International Journal Of Scientific Research

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Work Related Ergonomic Modifications Adoptions Among Physiotherapists: A Cross-Sectional Study
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-10) Ninawe, Sonia; Gaikwad, Donna; Karajgi, Asmita
The integration of ergonomic principles is crucial in physiotherapy practice to mitigate the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) and enhance practitioner well- being. This descriptive cross-sectional study, aimed to assess the adoption of ergonomic modi?cations among 70 physiotherapists. Through simple purposive sampling, participants completed a validated self-based questionnaire, with responses analyzed to understand trends in ergonomic practices. Results unveiled varying levels of adoption for ergonomic modi?cations, with higher utilization observed for posture-related changes compared to those addressing mechanical stress, workplace injury prevention, and work design/equipment. Factors hindering adaptation included time constraints, lack of awareness, ?nancial limitations, and resistance to change. To promote a safer workplace, employers should prioritize ergonomic education and strategies, empowering physiotherapists to optimize their environment, reduce the risk of WRMDs, and ensure sustainable patient care.
A Case Report On An Atypical Uterine Rupture - Rupture During Miscarriage Management.
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-10) Fatima, Ayesha; Jain, Swasti; Jamjute, Pradumna; Siddiqua, Syeda Ayesha
Background: Uterine rupture is a severe obstetric complication traditionally associated with a history of cesarean section or other factors causing uterine scarring. However, instances of atypical uterine rupture in patients have been reported. This case report presents an atypical example of uterine rupture in a patient with no known risk factors, emphasizing the need for high suspicion of uterine rupture even in the absence of risk factors. Case presentation: The case discusses a gravida 3, para 2 female with no significant history, except for treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. No history of cesarean section or uterine scarring. They were presented with light vaginal bleeding and later diagnosed with a miscarriage at 20+1 weeks of gestation. Managed with misoprostol per trust guidelines, the patient developed severe pain, signs of sepsis, and shock. An ultrasound revealed a heterogeneous mass in the lower uterine segment and free fluid in the pelvis. A CT scan confirmed a ruptured uterus with the fetus and placenta lying anteriorly and hemoperitoneum present. A laparotomy was performed under general anesthesia and the uterus was repaired. Post-operatively, the patient developed ileus and a pulmonary embolism, which were treated, leading to a gradual recovery. This atypical case of uterine ruptureConclusion: highlights the need to maintain a high level of suspicion for uterine rupture, even in the absence of traditional risk factors. It also underscores the importance of careful patient management during labor induction with misoprostol, especially when complications arise. This case reminds clinicians to consider all possible diagnoses when a patient's condition deteriorates, even in the absence of conventional risk factors. More research is needed on the use of labour-inducing drugs, particularly misoprostol, in the management of intrauterine fetal death.
A Morphometric Study Of Acetabulum In Udaipur Population
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-10) Pratiksha, Tiwari; Seema, Prakash; Ojha, Parveen; Sanjeev, Jesambal Das; Khan, Rihab Moin; Anish, Nagda; Kumar, Narendra; Sharma, Neeraj
Background: The acetabulum is an approximately hemispherical cavity situated at lateral aspect of the hip bone. It faces antero-inferiorly and it is circumscribed by an irregular margin de?cient inferiorly at the acetabular notch. The pubis, ischium and the ilium form the pubic bone. Orthopedic surgeons and biomedical engineers are trying to make the best prosthesis for total hip replacement. This was a cross-sectional,Methadology: observational study done on 50 dry hip bones of unknown age and sex collected from the Department of Anatomy, RNT Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. Antero-posterior diameter of acetabulum and Acetabular notch diameter were measured and shape of anterior ridge of acetabulum were Visually examined. A total of 50 dry hip bones of unknown age and gender were studied. Mean antero-posterior diameterResults: of the acetabulum was found to be 5.14cm and mean acetabular notch width was 2.50cm. Most common shape of anterior acetabular ridge was found to be curved shape which constitute about 48%. Irregular and straight shape was seen in 18% bones. 16% of bones showed angular acetabular ridge. Conclusion: The narrow notch width in our study may be related to the high prevalence of curved anterior acetabular ridges, as both features are associated with increased joint stability. This ?nding has implications for orthopedic surgeons, as a narrower notch width may require adjustments in surgical approaches and hip prosthetic design.
Clinicopathological Profile Of Patients With Unsafe Chronic Otitis Media And Management Outcomes
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-10) Singh, Barkha; Soni, Smita; Verma, Vijay; Baghel, Diksha Singh
Background- Patients with unsafe COM present with chronic otorrhoea and if cholesteatoma is left untreated, it may lead to potentially life threatening complications. We aimed to assess the clinicopathological pro?le of patients presenting with unsafe COM at our tertiary care centre. Methodology-This study was conducted as an observational study on patients with COM active squamosal disease at Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal during the study period of 18 months i.e. from August 2022 to January 2024.Detailed history taking and examination was done. Intraoperative ?ndings were noted. Most common ?nding in external auditory canal was purulent discharge in 37.8% cases in right ear and 23.2% casesResults- in left ear. Tuning fork tests were deranged in majority of cases. Weber's was lateralized to right in 51.2% cases and to left in 43.9% cases. Surgical ?ndings revealed presence of cholesteatoma, involvement of mastoid and ossicular erosion in 100% cases. Widening of aditus, involvement of Prussak space, Erosion of scutum, dural plate, lateral semicircular canal and sinus plate was noted in 89%, 76.8%, 47.6%, 30.5%, 28% and 24.4% cases respectively. High jugular bulb was noted in 19.5% cases and intracranial complications were reported in 2.4% cases. PatientsConclusions- with unsafe COM usually present with cholesteatoma and ossicular necrosis. Involvement of mastoid and widening of aditus are not uncommon. The clinicopathological ?ndings may vary depending upon the extent of disease and bone involvement. Few cases with delay in presentation may have associated intracranial complications.
Knowledge Gap Analysis About Osa Among Doctors Working In A Tertiary Heath Care Center
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) H. E, Reethu; M, Manjunath
Sleep apnea, particularly obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common yet often under diagnosed condition with significant cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological implications. While awareness of sleep apnea has increased in recent years, its recognition, diagnosis, and management remain inconsistent among healthcare providers. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge regarding sleep apnea among doctors across different specialties in a medical college hospital to evaluate their understanding of the risk factors, diagnostic methods, current diagnostic protocols and therapeutic advancements for OSA using OSAKA questionnaire. The study underscores the knowledge gap about OSA among doctors in different clinical department in a medical college and the importance for targeted education and training to enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve patient outcomes continuing medical education on sleep disorders to bridge these knowledge gaps and promote earlier detection and management of sleep apnea in clinical practice
Prevalence Of Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain In Vendors Of Gandhinagar City: A Cross-Sectional Study
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Mukeshbhai, Raval Parth; Vandra, Jaynesh; Chauhan, Arvind Kumar
Background: Nonspecific low back pain is defined in the European guidelines for the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP) as low back pain that is not attributable to a recognizable, specific pathology (e.g., infection, tumor, osteoporosis, fracture, structural deformity, and inflammatory diseases, such as ankylosing spondylitis, radicular syndrome, and cauda equina syndrome). Street vendors work includes twisting, bending, pushing heavy loads over the mobile cart, long-standing and long working hours. Local Vendors, have to work daily in flexed back posture which can cause muscular imbalance and dysfunction in the form of non-specific low back pain chronically. Thus, need of the study arises to know the prevalence of non-specific chronic low back pain in local Vendor of Gandhinagar in order to plan the preventive measures. Methodology: Convenient sampling was used to include participants in research. Male and female local vendors of age group 20-40 years suffering from chronic non-specific back pain for more than 3 months and met with other inclusion criteria were included in this study. NPRS and ODI was taken and statistical analysis was conducted to find out result. Present Study confirms a prevalence of non-Results And Conclusions: specific chronic low back pain in local Vendor of Gandhinagar.
Performing Psarp And Total Urogenital Mobilization In Different Stages Rather Than A Single Stage In Cloacal Malformations To Improve Long Term Functional Outcomes: A Case Series
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Kushwaha, Renu; Kushwaha, Santosh; Singh, Pulkit
Mental Health And Life Satisfaction: A Comparative Study Between Transgender And Cisgender Persons Of Manipur
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Ng, Sameeta; Thokchom, Bijaya
Background And Objectives: To compare the relationship of Mental Health and Life satisfaction between transgender and cisgender persons in Manipur. The sample consists of 200 individuals, of which 100 subjects were transgender and another 100 were cisgender persons fromMethods: Imphal West District of Manipur. Participants who were willing to give consent for participating in the study were selected through simple random sampling technique. Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) were then administered. TheResults: findings of the study indicate that in the three domains of mental health namely, Depression, Anxiety and Stress, both the genders reported having normal level of mental health concerns. However, cisgender persons reported having higher levels of anxiety and transgender persons had higher level of stress. No significant association was observed in terms of life satisfaction in both the genders. As seen among the transgender sample, life satisfaction correlates negatively with the three domains of mental health namely, depression, anxiety and stress which is an indication that any increase in the symptom of either or all of the three domains will lead to poorer life satisfaction. The present study concluded that noConclusion: significant association was observed in terms of life satisfaction in both the genders. However, in the domains of mental health namely anxiety, cisgender persons reported having higher levels of anxiety and transgender persons had higher level of stress. Studies have shown that transgender youth had a higher risk of reporting psychological distress, self-harm, major depression episodes and suicide as well as increased risk of psychiatric morbidity as compared to their peers.
An Observational Study Of Ultrasonography And Computed Tomography Imaging Findings In Pediatric Blunt Abdominal Trauma At Department Of Radiodiagnosis, Sms Medical College And Hospital, Jaipur
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Beniwal, Ashok Kumar; Jakhar, Sunil; Bhandari, Annu; Mannan, Naima
Introduction Blunt abdominal trauma in the pediatric population is challenging to diagnose due to the unique anatomical and physiological characteristics of children. Ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) are critical imaging tools for assessing intra-abdominal injuries. While CT provides detailed and accurate assessment of abdominal trauma, it exposes pediatric patients to ionizing radiation. US is a rapid, cost- effective, and radiation-free alternative, but its sensitivity and specificity in pediatric trauma remain debatable. This study compares the diagnostic efficacy of US and CT in detecting intra-abdominal injuries in pediatric patients. To evaluate and compare the sensitivity andAim and Objectives: specificity of ultrasonography and computed tomography in diagnosing pathology in pediatric blunt abdominal trauma. Materials and Methods: This observational study included 70 pediatric patients under 18 years of age presenting with blunt abdominal trauma at SMS Medical College, Jaipur, between 2022 and 2024. Ultrasonography was performed using HITACHI PREIRUS and HITACHI ARIETTA 65 devices, while CT scans were conducted using a GE 16-slice CT scanner. The findings of both modalities were compared, with CT serving as the gold standard. Statistical analysis included sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and kappa coefficient for agreement. Results:The mean age of the study population was 8.54 ± 3.2 years. High kappa values (ranging from 0.731 to 0.804) indicate good agreement between US and CT findings for various injuries (free fluid, liver, spleen, and kidney injuries). Ultrasound shows high overall accuracy (87.3%) and sensitivity (95.3%) for detecting pathologies. Specificity was lower for free fluid (80.5%) and spleen injuries (80.5%). Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were generally high, indicating reliable detection by ultrasound, though CT remains more accurate for certain injuries. While US was effective in detecting free intraperitoneal fluid, its sensitivity for solid organ injuries was limited compared to CT. CT demonstrated superior sensitivity for detecting complex injuries, including mesenteric, pancreatic, and bowel injuries. CTConclusion: remains the diagnostic tool of choice for hemodynamically stable pediatric patients with blunt abdominal trauma due to its high sensitivity and specificity. However, ultrasonography, particularly in the form of Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST), serves as a valuable initial screening tool in hemodynamically unstable patients. The integration of clinical findings with imaging results is essential to optimize management while minimizing unnecessary radiation exposure.
A Rare Case Of Antepartum Eclampsia With Cardiac Arrest Successfully Managed With Multidisciplinary Approach
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Sowmya, Manchineni; Bidri, Shailaja; Yaliwal, Rajasri
Antepartum eclampsia, a rare but severe complication of pregnancy, can lead to life-threatening maternal and fetal outcomes, especially when compounded by conditions like pulmonary oedema, cardiac failure, and peripartum cardiomyopathy. This case describes a 23-year-old primigravida at 31 weeks and 6 days of gestation who presented with tonic-clonic seizures, cardiac arrest, and respiratory distress. Prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation and multidisciplinary management, including antihypertensive therapy, magnesium sulphate infusion, and emergency lower-segment cesarean section, were crucial in stabilising the patient and delivering a live preterm infant. Echocardiography confirmed peripartum cardiomyopathy with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, necessitating long-term cardiac care. The patient recovered steadily postoperatively with tailored medical management and was discharged on day seven in stable condition. This case underscores the importance of early recognition, timely intervention, and a collaborative approach in managing severe obstetric emergencies to optimise maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Cyst Of Mischief: An Uncommon Presentation Of A Common Entity
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) C, Gaganadeepa; D, Manjunath B; Ahmed, Niyaz
Abdomen is usually called as pandora's box because of presence of various organs and complex mechanism of their function. Mesenteric cysts are 1 rare tumors, they can emerge from any part of the mesentery of the bowel from duodenum to rectum . Because of variable and non-specific clinical symptoms and signs, they are discovered either accidentally during radiological examinations for other reason or during Laparotomy for the 2 2 management of one of the complications . Complete excision of cyst is the treatment of choice .
Restoring The Function In Camptodactyly: A Focus On Distribution, Pathoanatomy And Stepwise Surgical Approach.
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) JK, Karthick; PS, Ganesh Babu; S, Sridevi
Introduction: Camptodactyly is a congenital flexion contracture of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the fingers, with an incidence of 1% . Despite various management strategies, achieving full functional restoration remains challenging. This study aims to evaluate the pathoanatomic structures involved in camptodactyly and assess the outcomes of a stepwise surgical approach to restore full passive extension. AMethods: retrospective review of 12 patients (5 males, 7 females) who underwent surgical treatment for camptodactyly at our institution between May 2022 and April 2023 was conducted. Inclusion criteria were patients with progressive flexion contractures greater than 30° and impaired function, simple or complex, from childhood to adolescence. A stepwise surgical technique was implemented, including skin and soft tissue release, flexor tendon tenotomy, volar plate release, and K-wire fixation. Postoperative management involved immobilization, scar massage, and passive motion therapy. Results: Of the 12 patients, 7 had simple camptodactyly and 5 had complex camptodactyly, with Windblown hand deformity and Arthrogryposis congenita. Surgical interventions led to significant improvements in flexion contracture, from a preoperative range of 30–90° to 0–40° postoperatively. Range of motion improved from 0–60° preoperatively to 50–90° postoperatively. Complications included soft tissue infections, skin graft loss, and digit stiffness, all managed with appropriate interventions. Camptodactyly, particularly with deformities greaterConclusion: than 30°, requires a comprehensive approach involving careful clinical evaluation, radiological investigation, and stepwise surgical correction. Complex cases, often presenting with bilateral involvement and deeper anatomical involvement, demand more intricate interventions. Further studies with longer follow-up are needed to refine treatment strategies and assess long-term outcomes
A Comparative Study Of Functional Outcome Of Capsulotomy And Volar Plate Release In Severe Post Burn Hand Deformity
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Upadhyay, Vishal Kumar; Shanker, Prem; Singh, R. K.
Introduction: Burn injuries are a leading cause of trauma-related deaths worldwide, with significant functional and aesthetic implications, particularly when affecting the hands. Contractures and scarring from burns can severely impair joint and tissue function, causing long-term disability and deformity. This study aims to evaluate the functional outcomes of capsulotomy and volar plate release in managing severe post-burn hand deformities. Material And Method: This is a hospital-based prospective study conducted over 24 months at the LLR Hospital GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, including 50 patients with male and female patients of all age groups with Grade 3 and Grade 4 burn contractures. Excluded those with infection or re-contracture at the same site after previous surgeries. Functional and aesthetic satisfaction scores, Total active motion and post-operative complications were recorded. In this study the mean TAM for all fingers of the hand was <180° at preoperativeResults: assessment. This is clearly a significant functional loss, and surgical reconstruction had a significant impact on the improvement in the score to 253.6° in capsulotomy and 243.2° in volar plate release group after 1 year, which is a good outcome .Functional Outcomes-Both procedures resulted in significant improvements in functional and aesthetic satisfaction, with mean scores of 4.6±0.75 and 4.84±0.88 for functional satisfaction, and 4.16±0.78 and 4.48±0.81 for aesthetic satisfaction, respectively. Both capsulotomy and volar plate releaseConclusion: significantly improve functional and aesthetic outcomes in severe post-burn hand deformities. Early surgical intervention combined with supervised physiotherapy is crucial in mitigating the long-term impacts of burn injuries on hand functionality and appearance.
Outcome Of Acute Stroke In Diabetic Vs Non-Diabetic Patients
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Rai, Rajendra; Kumar, Ajay; Nayyar, Afroz
Background: Diabetes mellitus significantly increases stroke risk, leading to higher incidence and mortality rates due to its impact on vascular health and glycemic control. This study compares the three-month outcomes and mortality rates of stroke in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients at a tertiary care hospital. Insights from this research aim to enhance therapeutic strategies and management to reduce stroke-related mortality in diabetic patients. This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Medicine ward at BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur. A sample ofMethod: 250 stroke patients was selected using simple random sampling, with a final count of 230 after accounting for follow-up losses. Patients were included after taking written informed consent based on criteria of acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Exclusions included patients with previous history of stroke or specific health conditions like subarachnoid hemorrhage, CAD, CKD, etc. Investigations included HbA1c, random blood sugar, complete blood count, and lipid profile. Out of 230, 138 patients were non-diabetic whereas 92 patients were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, with statistical significance set at p-values less than 0.05. The study reveals that diabetic stroke patients have significantly higher blood sugar and HbA1c levels, leading toResult and Conclusion: worse clinical outcomes. They present with more severe neurological impairments and a potential trend towards a higher proportion of ischemic strokes. The 3-month follow-up shows a notably higher mortality rate among diabetic patients (62.0%) compared to non-diabetic patients (34.1%). These findings emphasize the need for strict blood sugar control and tailored treatment strategies to improve outcomes and reduce mortality in diabetic stroke patients.
A Randomised Comparative Clinical Study Of 0.5% Ropivacaine Versus 0.5% Ropivacaine With Dexamethasone For Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block In Patients Undergoing Upper Limb Orthopaedic Surgeries
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Gupta, Ashish; Chaudhary, Neha; Garg, Suyash
Aim- To compare the efficacy and safety of0.5% Ropivacaine alone or in combination with Dexamethasone for providing anaesthesia and analgesia in patients undergoing upper limb orthopedic surgeries by using the supraclavicular brachial plexus block technique. -Methods Prospective, randomized, double-blind study, consisting of 100 patients of ASA grade I and II, of either gender, aged between 18 and 60 years, who underwent upper limb orthopedic surgeries under supraclavicular brachial plexus block. They were randomly allocated into two groups of 50 each. “Group A received 0.5% Ropivacaine (30 ml) with Dexamethasone (8 mg) as adjuvants to the local anaesthetic and Group B received 0.5% Ropivacaine (30 ml) The mean onset time of sensory and motor blockade was shorter in Group B than in Group A (p<0.05). The meanResults- duration of sen so ry and motor blockade and analgesia were significantly longer in Group A than in Group B (p<0.05). The hemodynamics parameters were stable in both groups. No major complications were observed in any group. - The addition of Dexamethasone to 0.5%Conclusion Ropivacaine for supraclavicular brachial plexus block improves the quality and duration of the block without any major adverse effects.
Edward Syndrome- A Pair Of Cases
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-10) Awadkhan, Manjunath; Randad, Kailas; Dudhade, Keshav; Singh, Vinaya Ajaykumar
Edward's syndrome or Trisomy 18 is the second most common autosomal trisomy after Down's syndrome (trisomy 21). Prevalence 0f trisomy 18 in live births is around 1 in 6000-8000, however overall prevalence is more 1:2500 to 1:2600 due to high frequency of fetal losses and termination of pregnancy after antenatal diagnosis. The syndrome is characterised by Dysmorphic facies (prominent occiput. Low set ears, Micrognathia), overriding of ?ngers, rocker bottom foot and multisystemic multiple congenital anomalies. Edward syndrome can be diagnosed antenatally by screening tests like ultrasonography and Non-invasive prenatal testing. Postnatally karyotyping can be sent in suspected Trisomy 18. Following cases were diagnosed postnatally with the help of clinical features and karyotyping. Both the cases discussed below were born with cardiovascular defects and talipes equinovarus and other associated anomalies and both of them succumbed to respiratory distress within 1st week of life. Babies born with Edward have very poor prognosis, 50% of babies born with Edward syndrome die within First week of life and 90-95% do not survive beyond the 1st year of life. These case reports re?ect the pressing need for the through active foetal surveillance antenatally for recognition of defects in early stage as no treatment option is yet available for this complex syndrome.
Evaluation Of ER, PR, HER 2 NEU And Ki-67 Status In Fibroadenoma Patients
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Ansari, Mohd. Qasim; Maheshwari, Mukesh Kumar; Rastogi, Aditya; Gupta, Shubhangi; Bansal, Rani; Gyanendra
Background : One of the most important decisions in the management of breast tumr ,clinician must make was to decide whether to initiate hormone therapy or not, owing to its side effects, and chemotherapy, which is known to have significant risks and morbidity. Consequently, it is essential that the pathologist and operating surgeon accurately and consistently evaluate the ER, PR HER2/neu, and Ki 67 status of breast tumors. Material and method : Fifty excisional/Trucut biopsy samples of breast tissues excised from 50 patients clinically and USG confirmed diagnosed Breast fibroadenoma patients were subjected to immunohistochemistry findings for the ER,PR, Her 2 Neu and Ki-67 markers. The ALLRED scoring system was followed to score qualitatively the expression pattern of ER and PR after immune-histochemical staining of the tissue for ER and PR. The intensity and proportion of the stained cells were assessed and then final results were calculated and reported as follows; 0–1 score as negative, 2-3 score as weak expression, 4-6 as moderate expression and 7–8 as strong expression of ER or PR proteins. It was observed that in all the 50 patients the normal and fibroadenoma excised masses were ER and PR positive (100%). WeResult : observed a statistically non significant weak inverse correlation of Allred score for ER and size of the lesion .The pearson correlation coefficient of Allred score for ER with size of the lesion was 0.045 (p=0.756) .We observed a statistically non significant weak inverse correlation of Allred score for PR and size of the lesion .The pearson correlation coefficient of Allred score for ER with size of the lesion was -0.0139 (p=0.469).In all the HER2 Neu was negative in normal and fibroadenoma tissue.(100%)/It was observed that presence of ki-67 values were significantly higher (10.55 ±0.06%) in excised masses with fibroadenoma than normal masses (5 ±0.03%).No significant difference was observed between ER ,PR and HER- NEU values amongst normal and fibroadenoma tissues . It can be concluded that there was no significant difference in ER ,PR andConclusion: HER-NEU values amongst normal and fibroadenoma tissues .However,there exist significant strong positive corelation between values of ki-67 and size of the lesion.
A Comparative Study Of Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy Versus 2% Diltiazem Gel Topical Application In The Treatment Of Chronic Fissure In Ano
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Singh, Shashank; T., Shiva Kumar; G. N., Prabhakara; Kalita, Kakul; Akanksha
Background: Chronic fissure in ano, is a break in the anal canal mucosa, causes severe pain in anal region and lowers quality of life. Traditional treatments include lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) and 2% diltiazem gel. However, the best treatment remains unknown due to differing efficacy and safety profiles. This study compares LIS and 2% diltiazem gel for chronic fissure in ano patients symptom alleviation, healing rates, and safety profiles to improve clinical decision- making and patient outcomes. To compare symptomatic relief and healing in 2%Objectives: diltiazem and lateral internal sphincterotomy in chronic fissure in ano. and to compare the safety profile (side effects & complications) of 2% gel local application and internal sphincterotomy in the treatment of chronic fissure in ano. Over a period of eighteenMaterials and Methods: months, a prospective longitudinal study was carried out at Sri Siddhartha Medical College and Hospital in Tumkur. There were 72 participants in all, 36 in each of the groups receiving LIS and diltiazem gel. Clinical indicators were evaluated on a regular basis, such as the incidence of complications, healing scores, and pain scores (VAS). Over the course of the research, both therapies dramatically decreased pain scoresResults: from baseline, with LIS demonstrating a bigger reduction in pain than diltiazem gel (p < 0.001). At every follow-up point, the LIS group's healing scores were consistently higher (p < 0.001). There was no discernible difference in the frequency of consequences such haemorrhage, sphincter tone alterations, and scarring between the groups. When treating chronic fissure in ano, lateral internal sphincterotomy outperformedConclusion : 2% diltiazem gel in terms of symptomatic alleviation and healing. The safety profiles of the two therapies were similar. The results highlight the need for individualized treatment options based on unique patient features and preferences by indicating that LIS may be regarded as a preferred therapy option for individuals with chronic fissure in ano.
Antibacterial Effect Of Mouth Rinsing With Solution Containing Fennel Seed Extract Against Streptococcus Mutans: An In Vivo Randomized Controlled Trial
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) HS, Mahalaxmi; Yavagal, Puja C
Aim: To assess and compare the salivary S mutans counts before and after one hour of mouth rinsing with 30 ml solutions containing 1.25% Fennel ethanol extract , 50 % Fennel aqueous extract and 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash among 18–30-year-old adults. A concurrentMethodology: parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 45 subjects randomized to 3 groups: Group A: 1.25 % Fennel ethanol extract containing mouthwash group; Group B: 50 % Fennel aqueous extract containing mouthwash group; Group B : 0.2 % Chlorhexidine mouthwash group. Salivary S Mutans counts of participants were assessed using Mitis Salivarious Bacterium (MSB) agar plates before and one hour after mouth rinsing with 30 ml of interventional mouthwashes for a minute. Statistical analysis: Intra and Intergroup comparisons of microbial counts were done using Wilcoxson signed rank test and Kruskal Wallis ANOVA respectively by setting significance level at p? 0.05. There wasResults: significant reduction (p? 0.001) in salivary S mutans counts after using mouth rinse in all the interventional groups. The highest reduction in S mutans counts post rinsing with mouthwash was seen in Chlorhexidine group (3.93±2.73 x102 CFU) but was not significant(p=0.41) compared to other two interventional groups. Antibacterial efficacy of 1.25% fennel seed ethanolic extract and 50% aqueous fennel seed extractConclusion: containing mouthwashes against streptococcus mutans was comparable to 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash.
Study Of Hip, Waist Circumference, And Hip-Waist Ratio As Markers Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In A North Indian Population
(Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research, 2024-12) Mahajan, Manu
This study investigates the relationship between anthropometric measurements—specifically hip circumference (HC), waist circumference (WC), and the waist-hip ratio (WHR)—and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a North Indian population. A total of 100 participants were recruited, comprising both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Measurements of HC, WC, and WHR were taken, and participants underwent HbA1C. The results revealed significant differences in these measurements between diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Our findings suggest that WHR, in particular, is a robust marker for predicting T2DM risk in this demographic, underscoring the importance of anthropometric screening in diabetes prevention strategies.

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