International Journal Of Scientific Research

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Comparison Of Efficacy, Compliance, Acceptability And Tolerability Of Hormonal Contraceptive Vaginal Ring (NUVARING) Versus Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCS) – A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study In A District Level Hospital In East Delhi
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Sharma, Richa; Kapur, Aishwarya; Fotedar, Sunita
Background and objectives: NuvaRing is a novel nonoral combined hormonal contraceptive. Present study aims to compare the efficacy, compliance, acceptability and tolerability of NuvaRing with COCs. Method: Prospective randomized, controlled study. Total 430 women fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria enrolled for study ,randomly divided in two groups of 215 each. Women in NuvaRing group were given NuvaRing for 12 cycles and women in COC group were given Mala N tablets for 12 cycles. Two groups were compared for efficacy, acceptability, compliance and tolerability by filling questionnaires. Results: There was no significant difference in efficacy, compliance and acceptability. NuvaRing group had more complaints of vaginal discharge and incidence of nausea was significantly higher in COC group. None of the women discontinued use due to side effects. Conclusion: NuvaRing has comparable efficacy, compliance, acceptability and tolerability as compared to COCs with the advantage to once a month dosing
The Clinical Significance Of Rassf1a And Cdh1 Hypermethylation In Breast Cancer Patients
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Nandi, Kajal; Yadav, Prasant; Mir, Rashid; Khurana, Nita; Agarwal, PN; Saxena, Alpana
Introduction:Aberrant DNAmethylation patterns in serum DNAmight be used as a biomarker for the early diagnosis and management of cancer patients. The aim of present study was to evaluate DNAmethylation of RASSF1Aand CDH1 in circulating cell free DNA(cfDNA) from serum and paired tissue DNAsamples of breast cancer patients. Material and methods: Methylation-specific PCR was used to assess the methylation status of the two genes in serum and paired tissue sample DNAof 50 breast cancer patients. Biochemical parameters were assessed using an electrochemiluminescence analyzer. Results: Significant correlation found between methylation status of RASSF1A and CDH1 in serum and paired tissue samples of patients. Among clinicopathological findings, CDH1 methylation showed significant association with advance staging and tumor and methylation of RASSF1A exhibited significant association with progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor status in both serum and paired tissue. Vitamins levels were significantly high in cases compared to control group. High folic acid levels were significantly associated with the RASSF1Amethylation. Conclusions: These findings suggest that methylation of cfDNAmay be important in the early detection of breast cancer.
A Study To Compare The Health Status And Psychosocial Problems Among Hiv Positive And Hiv Negative Children Of Hiv Positive Mothers In Salem District
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Rani, Dina
A survey and descriptive correlational study was undertaken to find out the current health status and psychosocial problems among HIV positive and HIV negative children of HIV positive mothers in Salem District. 300 samples were selected between the age group of 8-12 years. An observational check list was used to assess health status and PedQLinterview schedule questioner was used to assess psychosocial problems. HIV positive children 107(71.3%) had moderate health problems, 43(28.7%) had intense health problems among HIV negative children 106 (70.7%) had normal health 44 (29.3%) had moderate health problems and HIV positive children had more psychosocial problems than HIV negative children. Conclusion of the study shows HIV positive and HIV negative children had health and psychosocial problems at different level, whereas, HIVpositive children had more problems compared to HIVnegative children
Hyalinizing Clear Cell Carcinoma Of Palatal Minor Salivary Gland: A Case Report
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Nandakumar, Arulmozhi; Gunasekaran, Nandhini; Rameshkumar, A; Rajkumar, Krishnan
Hyalinizing Clear Cell Carcinoma is a rare malignant neoplasm’s of salivary gland origin and accounts for 0.5% of all head and neck malignancies. Histological diagnosis of the tumour is challenging and needs to be differentiated from other clear cell lesions of salivary gland. This case report enunciates a case of HCCC in a male patient of relatively younger age group and clearly elaborates on diagnosis, histopathology and immunohistochemical characteristics of this tumour
Role Of Dexamethasone In Brachial Plexus Block
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Mehra, Chandni; Wani, Zara; Sharma, Meenaxi
Objective: To evaluate the effect of dexamethasone added to (lignocaine) on the onset and duration of axillary brachial plexus block. Material and Methods: A total of 100 patients, who were scheduled for elective hand and forearm surgery under axillary brachial plexus block, were randomly allocated to group A in which patients received 40 ml 1.5% lidocaine with 2 ml of isotonic saline (0.9%) and group B in which patients received 40 ml 1.5% lidocaine with 2 ml of dexamethasone (8 mg). Nerve stimulator with insulated needle for multiple stimulations technique was used to locate the brachial plexus nerves. After the injection onset of action and duration of sensory blockade of brachial plexus were recorded at 5 minutes and 15 minutes interval. Results: Group A showed the onset of action of 21.64 ± 2.30 min and in group B it was 15.42 ± 1.44 min (p< 0.001). Duration of nerve block was 115.08 ± 10.92 min in group Aand 265.42 ± 16.56 min in group B (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The addition of dexamethasone to 1.5% lignocaine solution in axillary brachial plexus block prolongs the duration of sensory blockade significantly.
Prevalence Of Impacted Maxillary Canine Teeth & Dentigerous Cyst (A Prospective Study)
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Lone, Parveen Akhter; Sharma, Satish Kumar
Objectives & Aims Canine impaction is one of the anomalies that should be considered by clinicians in detail. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, prevalence, patterns & potential distribution of impacted maxillary canine teeth stratified by gender ,location (RT or LT) , unilateral or bilateral. This study also aims to evaluate the possible relationship between impacted Maxillary canines with large dentigerous cysts in maxilla Methods The study was carried out in the department of Oral & Maxillofacial surgery .patients were referred from oral medicine, radiology department with the symptom of swelling, pain, discharge or missing canines & retained deciduous canines. After examination of panoramic radiographs & clinical symptoms diagnosis was made, associated symptoms like pain, swelling, number, localization (RT/LT) age & sex, retained deciduous teeth, root resorption of adjacent teeth was also noted The included sample consisted of 100 patients diagnosed with canine impactions / transmigrated canines on clinical examination & panoramic radiographs. Age ranged from 18 to 50 years. 59.61% females 40.38% males. 60.22%maxilla,46.70% mandible.63.17% unilateral, 36.3% bilateral,. ConclusionThe early detection of impacted maxillary canine teeth is crucial for successful treatment, therefore demographic studies are important & should be managed to prevent complications.
A Hybrid Technique For Ganglion Management
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Soni, Aditya; Varma, HS; Peepra, D
Background- the ganglions on dorsum of the wrist is a common and recurring problem, unless dealt with properly. So, we use an easy to learn, simple OPD based hybrid method for the same. Materials and Methods- we treated 16 ganglion cysts with this method, and the follow-up was seen at 3 weeks time. Result- there was recurrence in only 1 case out of 16 (~5%), with no recurrence or any complication in the others. Thus, this hybrid technique is effective, safe procedure for management of ganglions.
Dental Awareness Among Medical Professionals In Bengaluru:A Questionnaire Survey
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) M, Apoorva; Raghava, Vijay K; Narayan, Sarita Joshi; S, Sheetal; Hareem, Fakeha
Aim :To assess the awareness of oral hygiene, periodontal diseases and availability of treatment techniques among medical professionals. Materials and method: One hundred medical professionals were interviewed through a questionnaire . This was a KAP ( knowledge, attitude, practice ) study which included questions based on knowledge, attitude and practice towards periodontal awareness among medical professionals . Results and Conclusion : Apositive attitude towards dental and periodontal check and the treatment needs was observed among those questioned. However, inputs from this survey can be used to organize periodontal health programs and for planning of joint ventures.
Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst Mimicking As Dentigerous Cyst – Case Report
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Gunasekaran, Nandhini; Annasamy, Rameshkumar; Jayant, Vs; Rajkumar, Krishnan
Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst (OOC) is an uncommon developmental odontogenic cyst which exhibits peculiar clinical and pathological aspects in comparison with other developmental odontogenic cysts like Dentigerous cyst and Odontogenic keratocyst. The diagnosis of OOC is important as the pathologic behaviour, clinical outcome and the surgical management of OOC is disparate. The purpose of the article is to present a case of OOC radiographically mimicking Dentigerous cyst in a 20 year old male.
Evaluation Of Nipple Involvement In Carcinoma Breast And Correlation With Tumor Factors.
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Punnoose, Asha; Ramakrishnan, Deepti
This was a hospital based descriptive study. One hundred and ninety one therapeutic mastectomy specimens were included .Age range of patients was from twenty two to eighty seven years. Twenty specimens out of one hundred and ninety one cases had grossly retracted nipples with thirteen cases (65%) showing neoplastic involvement. Nine out of the remaining one hundred and seventy one grossly unremarkable nipples (5.26%) showed occult neoplastic involvement. Overall neoplastic involvement of nipple was 11.51% (22 out of 191). Location of tumour, nipple tumour distance and lymphovascular invasion showed significant association with nipple involvement. This study indicated a low frequency of neoplastic involvement of nipple in mastectomy specimens thus favouring replacement of conventional mastectomy with nipple sparing mastectomy in selected cases. This study also proposes a unique selection criteria for nipple sparing mastectomy
A Study Of Baseline Exophthalmometry In The Normal Indian Population And Its Relationship To Age, Gender And Height
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Kamat, Vikas; Shinde, Chhaya
Purpose: To study the relationship between exophthalmometric values with age, gender and height of the normal Indian population. Methods:Cross-sectional, observational study of 2000 eyes of 1000 subjects aged 5 years to 90 years, from January 2016 to December 2016 (12 months),at Tertiary Care Hospital. Subjects who already had undergone routine ophthalmic examination and no abnormality was detected during the examination were included. The data about age, gender and height was noted. Exophthalmometry was performed using the same Hertel exophthalmometer by the same researcher. Results:The baseline exophthalmometric values in the normal Indian study subjects were in the range of 8-21 mm. Conclusions:Age and gender may have influence on exophthalmometric values; however, height does not have any significance
Giant Pedunculated Tuberous Xanthomas– A Case Report
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Sharma, Saurabh; Mehta, Karaninder Singh
Xanthomas are the dermatological manifestations of underlying lipid disorders. The underlying hyperlipidemias may be hereditary or secondary in nature. The familial causes have been well described by Fredrickson into five major categories. The secondary causes of hyperlipidemia range from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus to various dietary factors. We report a case of giant tuberous xanthomas due to secondary hyperlipidemias in an alcoholic patient.
A Prospective Study Of Serum Lipids Profile In Guwahati City
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Baishya, Reeta; Sarkar, Raj
Progress in lipid modification therapy has resulted in a relative risk reduction of one-third in major vascular events but has not reduced cardiovascular disease mortality significantly. The study was conducted to investigate trend in the changes of lipid profile over a period of 5 years in healthy people of the different age group among. The mean age of the study cohort was 35.6 years. The mean serum cholesterol was 175.1±13.06mg%, HDL-58.35±8.05mg% TG-97.71±13.51mg%, LDL-98.92±19.47mg%. There was a significant increase of serum Cholesterol level, LDL& Triglyceride levels in the study II which was conducted after a gap of 5 years. The HDLcholesterol also showed a decrease across all age groups. There was a strong relationship between healthier lifestyle factors in individuals who maintained inception lipid profile. Individuals who maintained desired lipid profiles had a progressively higher prevalence of lower BMI (<25 kg/m2), moderate physical activity (30 min walking/day), and fruit and vegetable consumptions (5 servings/day)
A Study Of Ocular Manifestations In Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases In Adults
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Rai, Poonam; Shinde, Chhaya
Purpose: To study the prevalence of ophthalmic manifestations in connective tissue diseases, to monitor the progression. Methods: Prospective, non comparative, observational cohort study in tertiary care hospital, from June 2014 to September 2015, in 50 adult patients, with autoimmune connective tissue disease . The demographic data, history regarding the disease, were recorded. Ophthalmic examination included visual acuity, slit lamp examination, dry eye tests, dilated fundus examination ,intraocular pressure. Results: Maximum patients (44%) were in the age group of 31-40 years. Rheumatoid arthritis was most common( 52%).The prevalence of ocular manifestations was 74%. 81.08% patients had anterior segment manifestations. 18.92% patients had posterior segment manifestations. Only 4 patients had worsened at the end of the study. Conclusions: In connective tissue diseases, prevalence of ocular manifestations in our study was 74%. Females were more commonly and aggressively affected . It is necessary to screen patients for ocular manifestations .
A Clinical Study On The Management Of Inguinal Hernias In Children At Our Institute
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Shah, Anant; Asokan, Aiamperumal; Panchal, Mehul
Background: Inguinal and scrotal swellings are frequently encountered in the surgical practice, especially in children. It is also important to study the factors which are associated with inguinal hernia, especially in children, for its effective management. Objective:To study the factors which are associated with inguinal hernia in children. Material and Methods: A retrospective hospital based study was undertaken in the Department of Surgery for a period of one year between September 2016 to November 2017. Children who were aged one day to 12 years were selected for the study. Total 34 patients were enrolled in our study. The details regarding the clinical history and the examination details were collected by using a predesigned proforma. The data which was thus collected was analysed by using the appropriate statistical tests. Results: The inguinal hernia in the study group was common in the 1-5 years age group. 33 patients were males and only 1 patient was female; a swelling in the inguinal region was the commonest symptom. The swelling of the inguinal hernia was irreducible in 6 cases. The testis was palpable in all cases; a cough impulse was seen and felt in all cases. Tenderness of the swelling was present in 2 cases. Conclusions:Inguinal hernia is a common congenital condition in children. Herniotomy is the treatment of choice for congenital inguinal hernia.
Comparison Of Instrumentation Time And Cleaning Efficacy Of Manual K–File, Rotary Protaper Universal And Rotary Protaper Next In Primary Anterior Teeth: An In–Vitro Study
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Rao, Ashish; Pandya, Divya; Roy, Soumik; Upadhyay, Kanchi; Gupta, Shilpi; Pal, Amrita
Introduction: Pulpectomy of primary teeth with severe pulpal involvement is one of the most important concerns in Pediatric Dentistry.Root canal instrumentation is performed with files, reamers, sonic instruments and recently with rotary instruments. Although manual instrumentation is widely used in primary teeth, but they have limitations.The development of nickel titanium alloys and the possibility of changing the traditional design and taper have allowed use of rotary instruments in endodontic treatment. A new generation of NiTi rotary files has been introduced as the Protaper Next. Aim : The present study aimed to compare the instrumentation time and cleaning efficacy of Protaper Next with rotary Protaper Universal system and manual K file in pediatric endodontics. Materials and Methods: An in-vitro experimental study was conducted by injecting Indian ink in a total sample of 60 human single rooted primary anterior teeth. The teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups, including K-file,ProTaper Universal, Protaper Next and one control group. The root canals were prepared using one of the three file system followed by clearing the teeth with different demineralising solutions.A chronometer was used to calculate the instrumentation time in each root canal and scores were analysed by a steremicroscope. Data analyses were performed using version 21.0 of Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: In the coronal third of root canals cleaning efficacy of K Files and ProTaper Next showed almost similar score.In the middle third of root canals cleaning efficacy scores in two file systems were significantly lower than K files . In the apical third ProTaper Next showed better cleaning efficacy compared to K files and ProTaper Universal Files systems. Difference between the different groups was statistically significant P=0.000(<0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that the use of Ni-Ti rotary instruments in the pulpectomy of primary anterior teeth represents a promising technique in pediatric patients, thus instrumentation is feasible, offeringtime-saving advantages in root canal preparation
Virtual Articulartors : Reality In Virtuality – A Review
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Kalpana, D; Brunda; Rao, Sanjana. J; Venkatesh, Pathi; Bhat, Priyanka
The field of dentistry, in particular prosthodontics has seen tremendous and much sophisticated advances. The advent of intra-oral scanners, CAD/CAM and reverse engineering technologies have even further improved the quality and precision of treatment procedures. Virtual articulators are one such tools that enables dentist to overcome the limitations and drawbacks of a traditional mechanical articulator. By input of real patient data it allows the analyses of static and dynamic occlusion. The purpose of this article is to highlight the procedure and benefits of using a virtual articulator over the traditional one
A Prospective Obsevational Study For Use Of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine In Paediatric Sedation For Diagnostic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies.
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Malik, Atul; Prasad, Mukesh Kumar; Gupta, Tannu; Gupta, Saurabh
Context: Children undergoing MRI often require sedation to avoid motion artifacts and anxiety attacks. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2 adrenoceptor agonist that has sedative and analgesic effects. Aim: This study was conducted to determine whether intranasal Dexmedetomidine 2 µg/kg offered effective sedation in children posted for diagnostic MRI studies. Methods: This prospective pilot study was conducted on 30 ASAI/II patients aged upto 12 years posted for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies. In this study all patients were administered with intranasal dexmedetomidine 2 µg/kg in the presence of parents, 30 minutes before scheduled MRI scan. The time of administration and reaction of children were noted. Children were observed in holding area with standard monitors applied. The degree of sedation was assessed at 15 and 30 minutes by using University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS). Recovery time and recovery score were noted according to Modified Aldrete recovery score and quality of MRI is also observed. Statistical analysis:The data was entered in MS EXCELspreadsheet and analysis was represented as mean plus standard deviation. Results: Mean sedation scores after 15 minutes and after 30 minutes were 1.20±1.8 and 2.80±0.7 respectively. Mean discharge time according to modified Aldrete score was 82.42±32.68 minutes. There were no adverse events. No sneezing or coughing episodes were observed during drug administration. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is a useful agent for sedation of children undergoing MRI studies.
Study To Evaluate The Frequency Of Diagonal Earlobe Crease As A Marker Of Coronary Artery Disease And Its Risk Factors In Tertiary Hospital Of East India.
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Kumar, Anil; Kumar, Amit; Kumar, Prakash; Kachhap, Sushil
Background: In coronary artery disease (CAD), the DELC (diagonal ear lobe crease) has been proposed as a marker but association remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of DELC in patients with CAD. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty four patients with coronary artery angiography proven CAD from RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India were evaluated for the presence or absence of DELC. The DELC was said to be present if the patient had crease extending diagonally from the tragus across the lobule to the rear edge of the without discontinuity. Observation: DELC was seen in 82 patients out of 154, and the prevalence was 53.24%. Prevalence of Hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were 38.3% ,33.8% and 24.0% respectively and hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were insignificant(P=0.245, P=0.526, P=0.203 respectively).There were 43 smoker (27.9%) and DELC with smoking was significant with p value(0.021). Conclusion: The frequency of DELC in patients with CAD was high in our study. The data suggest that the DELC sign may be a useful marker for the presence of CAD in patients and may help in early segregating at risk patient of CAD
Socioeconomic Status Among Infertile Couples
(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Prasad, Bheem; Panchal, Padamjeet; Sharma, Nc
Introduction: Infertility is the common health problem in developing countries like India. Infertility has been associated with the various socioeconomic condition and anthropometric parameters. It is the matter of social injustice and inequality. Aim and Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of some socioeconomic status on the fertility in a population of central India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectioned study was done among 88 infertile couples from different infertility clinics and centers in Bhopal, Rewa, Indore and adjoining areas. Collected information through constructed questionnaire including socioeconomic status. Result:There was a positive relationship between infertility with age, education and socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Infertility is a global health problem that needs proper management and appropriate treatment. The medical and socioeconomic support for infertile couples is an important requirement.

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