Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
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Item Reconstruction of Architecture in Ku-Ban Dang Mahasarakham Province(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Wiroj ShewasukthawornKu-Ban Dang is a small monument of Mahayana Buddhism that was built as a monastery forthe city. Ku-Ban Dang is located in Vapephatum of Mahasarakham Province, Thailand. Built in theBayon Architecture Period of Ancient Khmer Kingdom in the late 12th Century. Ku-Ban Dang is composedof three towers sitting on a large laterite platform built for religious ideals of Mahayana Buddhism. Themain central tower contains a Buddha Image on a Naga Base, meaning çenlightenmenté. The northtower contains a Prajnapararamita meaning, çwisdomé and the south tower contains a BodhisiattvaAvalokesvara, meaning çto be kindé. The three towers design character developed Architecturalpatterns of the Bakheng period in the 9th Century. The central tower is built for Hindu, where it isslightly larger than the others and was dedicated to Shiva, while the North tower is dedicated to Vishnuand the south tower to Brahma, respectively. The tri towers characteristic of the monastery hasdiscontinued from the Banteay Srei period but regained its popularity in the northeast of Thailand. Inthe northeast, the tri towers design character was then further developed between 9th-11th century,dedicated to the Hindu. But then from the late 12th century, the tri towers became the MahayanaBuddhist monument design and spread its influence throughout the central and lower northern ofThailand; for example, Pra Prang Sam Yot Lopburi Province, Wat Kampanglang Pranburi Province andWat Pra Pay Luang Province.From research and field work study of the Ku-Ban Dang community, there is no evidence ofa historic community within the area of the monastery. However, 30 kilometers south of the site,evidence of an important historic city, Nakhon Jumpasri, was found. Today it is Amphor Nadoon.Nakhon Jumpasri prospered in the 12th-18th Century. Arogayasala Ku-Santarat was found there. It was built for Jayavarman VII. Thirty kilometers north of the site was the evidence of another importanthistoric city, çChienghiené. Similarly, another Arogayasala, Ku-Ban Khwao was found. It is surmisedthat Ku-Ban Dang is part of a small community that lies in between the two large historic cities alongthe trading route. It is the monastery for this community, but after the 12th Century it has becomeabandoned in conjuction with the downfall of the Khmer Empire taking with it the belief and practice ofMahayana Buddhism. Fortunately, from the work of archeologist today, two Sukothai Buddha imagesare strong evidence that the monastery has been in use for sometime after the 13th Centery before itwas completely abandoned.Item Phaya-Discourse of Isaan Wisdom: The Interpretation on Ethical Philosophy(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Chalong PhanchanThe objective of this research is to study the origin, meaning, characteristics, kinds and ethicalthought in Phaya‹ and interpret those ethical thoughts in Phay‹a on ethical philosophy. The methodologiesof this research are to collect the data from books, documents and other related research works. Theresearcher had examined and collected the data about Phay‹ and analytically study ethical thought inPhay‹a for interpretation on ethical philosophy by classifying them under three aspects, as follows, 1)Interpret the çgoodnessé and çgood mané, 2) Interpret to the ultimate goal of life , 3) Interpret ethicaljudgment.The findings indicate that, Phaya‹ is equivalent with the word wisdom or philosophy; the originsof Phay‹a are from the religious thoughts, traditions and behavior of Isanians as extemporaneouspoem-talker. There are many characteristics of Phaya‹, such as speaking useful, truth and sweet words etc. Phaya‹ is divided into many sections such as proverb Phaya‹ and shortly proverb Phaya‹ etc.The ethical thought in Phaya‹ can be classified into two categories, namely, 1) ethical thoughtin terms of Buddhist teachings, 2) ethical thought in terms of tradition and beliefs. The ethical thoughtin terms of Buddhist teachings is concerned with merits and demerits in which it is stated that çTo dogood is to do meritsé, and good-deed in ultimate view as found in Phaya‹ is to enlighten the Nirvana orNibb‹na. On the one hand, çTo do bad is to do demeritsé and the origin of bad-deeds is ignorance whichconsists of greed, hatred and delusion. Ethical thoughts in terms of tradition and beliefs are derivedfrom the ethics of Heet 12-klong 14 (guideline of conduct). The Heet 12-Klong 14 are to be followed byvarious groups of people depending on their status and duties such as the ruler must govern the peoplewith the Ten Royal Virtues (Tasapitrajadhamma) and he also must practice Heet-Klong. Furthermore,people in society must be loyal and faithful to the ruler.The results of the interpretation of ethical thought in Phaya‹ on ethical philosophy are foundthat the word çPu-aé implies merit or good-deed; and those who possess merits possess good-deeds.The property of merits in Phaya‹ is similar to Non-hedonism in point of view of ethical philosophy, butNon-hedonism in Phaya‹ put emphasis on an intention. With regard to Non-hedonism in ethical philosophy,it underlined çreason or wisdomé. Ethical thought, according to Rationalism, indicates that good man iswise; but in Phaya‹, it is not necessary because one who is not wise may be good. Interpretation ofultimate goal of Life in Phaya‹, it is noticed that the ultimate goal of life is Nirvana or Nibb‹na; and Nibb‹na is ultimate happiness. This thought is related to Salvationism where the purpose of life is happiness,resulting from wisdom, not from desire.The study of ethical judgment reveals that ethical judgment in Phaya‹ is classified into twogroups, as follows: major ethical judgment and minor ethical judgment. The major ethical judgment inPhaya‹ puts emphasis on intention. Good intention means good willingness which consists of nongreed,non-hatred, and non-delusion considered as good deeds; on the other hand, bad intention meansbad willingness which consists of greed, hatred and delusion considered as bad deeds. Major ethicaljudgment is related to Absolutism in ethical philosophy. Absolutism underlined that the value of gooddeeds, bad deeds, right or wrong is eternal. Whatever it is good; there it is, regardless of time, place,environment and person.Minor ethical judgment verifies that it depends upon conscience, agreement of reasonableman or wise person and social concede. This judgment indicates that good or bad is non-eternal andimpermanent value following by environments, tradition of society. The minor ethical judgment isrelated to judgment in ethical philosophy known as ùRelativismû.Item The Development of Relationship between State and Capitalists in Thailand(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Worrawoot JumlongnarkThe connection between Thai capitalists and the government has developed along side Thaieconomic development. Because of the flow of capitalism, several capitalists became key public figuresand had a lead role in formulating the new strategy. Although this influence of capitalists was disruptedsometime, they still had powerful influences on government policies, especially economic policies. Itcould be said that opening up the country to liberal capitalism caused competition among capitalists. Acertain group of capitalists was able to dominate other groups. This resettled in concentration of capitalin the hands of one single group. Yet contradiction between the therefore of production and the relationof production, within the process of monopoly of capital accumulation, led to the economic crises in1997. The necessity for monopolistic capitalists to keep the rate of profit return much over normal rate in order to accumulate more compettion, made a certain group of capitalists gain political power inorder that they could prescribe policies beneficial to them.Item A Comprehensive Survey of the Modern Candle Festival(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Sakchai UttitoThis research aims to study data on historical information, components, and creative thinking,standardization of rule in competition, and the evolutional creation of the Candle Festival contest. Thecompetition uses both prints and sculpture methods. The Candle Festival also displays the evolution ofart by its top artisans, and it is like a proving ground to show the prowess of each area through theirmagnificent candles. The researcher studied the period of 5 years between 2003 to 2007 by keepingthe data and interviews on craftsman who were related in the candle contest. Data analysis involvedtexts and forms of the candle to study development of construction of candle by artisans at UbonRatchathani. So, the results would have advantages for the next Candle Festival. The researcher foundthat the candles that were constructed depicted the life and stories of former incarnations of theBuddha. Some of the candles were used for telling the stories of royals in ceremonies. From the dataconclusion, the main components of the candles have two parts: candle and stories on the candle. Thecommittee will give a point to the competitors following the standards and rules. Finally, the evolutionof candles only changed only in some aspects.Item An Analysis of the Relationship Between Work Competency and Work Effectiveness(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Atipa Polruangtong; Jindarat Peemanee; Karun PratoomThe research objective is to study the relationship between work competency and workeffectiveness. The sample is the 190 business accountants who have received support fromthe investment of the public utility group. The researcher used questionnaires to collect data and141 questionnaires, or 74.21% , were returned to the researcher. The data analysis wasimplemented by f-test, multiple correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis.The research result found that most business accountants who have received supportfrom the investment of the public utility group are female between 30-35 years old, with abachelorûs degree or lower in accountant manager position. In addition, their work experienceis more than 10 years, and their income is over 40,000 baht per month.Business accountants with work competency and work effectiveness in every aspect, isin the high level. From the relationship and effect analysis it was found that 1) work competencyon information technology has positive relationship and affects work effectiveness on reliable work,timeliness work success and standardized work. 2) Work competency on coordination has positiverelationship and affects work effectiveness on reliable work, timeliness work success and standardizedwork. 3) Work competency on evaluation has positive relationship and affects work effectiveness onreliable work, timeliness work success and standardized work. 4) Work competency on human relationshas positive relationship on reliable work, timeliness work success and standardized work.In conclusion, work competency and work effectiveness are related to each other. This researchcan lead to determining direction for work competency development and work effectiveness so as tosupport public utility investment and apply it to determine strategy and policy to enhance potential incompetition and develop their business continuously.Item A Comparison Study of Quality Psychology Test Between Likert scale 5 points and 6 points(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Rungson ChomeyaThe main purposes of this research were (1) to study the quality evaluation psychology testLikertûs scale 5 points and 6 points (attitude test, locus of control test and achievement motive test)focusing on construct validity, discrimination and reliability, (2) to compare the study for quality psychologytest between Likertûs scale 5 points and 6 points , and (3) to compare the study for personal decisionmaking level between Likertûs scale 5 points and 6 points. The subjects were 180 (60 for each test)undergraduate students from Mahasarakham University who were selected by purposive sampling. Theresearch tools were as follows: (i) attitude test, (ii) locus of control test and (iii) achievement motive testcomprised of measurement patterns developed for different variables. Means, Standard Deviation,Factors Analysis, Alpha Coefficient and t-test were used for data analysis.The research revealed (1) the higher component and Initial Eigenvalues cumulative percent ofpsychology test Likertûs scale 5 points and 6 points but psychology test Likertûs scale 6 points had ahigher trend of discrimination and reliability than Likertûs scale 5 points, (2) the comparison wasconstruct validity, discrimination and reliability among Likertûs scale 5 points and 6 points. It was founddifferent reliability at .05 level on achievement motive test only, and (3) the comparison of personaldecision making level psychology test between Likertûs scale 5 points and 6 points was different at .05level.Item The Relationship between Quality-based Culture and Productivity of SMEs in Thailand(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Supapong PinvahaAt present, most organizations turn their interest to quality since it is now the first crucialfactor in a competitive marketplace. Without this, enterprises cannot survive the cutthroat competition.Because of this, consumersû expectation of quality is also rising. These emphasize the importance ofa quality-based culture, a qualification which will help to increase the quality of productivity. Thisresearch, therefore, aimed to identify the relationship between a quality-based culture and the productivityof the SMEs in Thailand. The respondents of this study were entrepreneurs from 367 SMEs. Data werecollected by using questionnaires. Statistics for data analysis consisted of analysis of variance, multipleanalysis of variance, multiple correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis.The study result found that the entrepreneurs with different business sites, types, period ofenterprising, numbers of employees, and amount of foundation fund had different views on qualitybasedculture and on the productivity at the statistical level of 0.05. The analysis of the relationship andthe effect of the quality-based culture on the productivity were; 1) The quality-based culture regardingthe aspects of the customer-first policy and the domestic customer-first policy had negative relationshipwith the productivity. 2) The quality-based culture regarding the aspects of team work, actual facts andnumbers, problem solving orientation, participation from all parties, and process-based orientation andthe staff-focusing policy had positive relationship and effect on the productivity.To summarize, the quality-based culture had both positive and negative relationship and effecton the productivity of the SMEs in Thailand. SMEs, therefore, put the stress on the importance ofquality-based culture in order to increase the productivity which could finally lead to the achievement ofthe enterprise.Item Development of a Remote-Learning System at Mahasarakham University(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Siriporn PhromchanthuekThe Internet is considered high technology in the workplace and can be used efficiently in alearning system as well. Connections between computers can be easily made through advancetechnology. As a result, education institutes pay more attention to remote-learning systems ona network system in order that professors and students can have face-to-face interaction on network system. This research is created to develop a remote-learning system and study the effectivenessof such a system. The sample groups are 5 specialists consisting of 2 computer specialists and 3education-technology specialists.The researcher chose to use the specification method with the tools of 1) the remote-learningsystem and 2) the questionnaire regarding the effectiveness of the developed remote-learning systemusing 5-point Likert type response scales. The outcome shows that we have the remote-learningsystem that can be conducted anywhere and anytime through internet. There are 1) a conduct ofremote-learning system and 2) the remote-learning system. The effectiveness of the remote-learningsystem is in the range of Good- Excellent. Then, the remote-learning system is considered the efficientmethod in the field since it gains more than 3.50 of the average score. Moreover, professors andstudents are able to conduct the remote-learning system appropriately; therefore, these system shouldbe supported accordingly.Item Knowledge Sharing : The Basics of Knowledge Management in an Organization(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Vitanya VannoMany organizations are interested in the concept of knowledge management. This conceptsupports the creation and use of knowledge in an organization as a way to obtain a sustainablecompetitive advantage. Many organizations are invested in both Information and CommunicationTechnology (ICT) to enhance knowledge management and training programs; however, those organizationsstill fail to implement knowledge management. One important reason for this failure is that suchorganizations do not fully recognize the importance of knowledge sharing in an organization. Sharingknowledge among organization๛s members is the integral factor of knowledge management. Fororganizations wishing to succeed in the implementation of the knowledge management it becomesnecessary to recognize the importance of knowledge sharing among organization๛s members.Item Satisfaction with the Training Program on Official Document Writing(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Kraisorn Chai-rojkanjana; Vatinee Sukmak; Satian PumikaedumThis study aimed to explore the level of satisfaction with the training program on officialdocument writing by Uniquest, Mahasarakham University.This survey study evaluated the satisfaction from the viewpoint of the personnel both governmentand non-government sectors who passed the training program on official document writing. Thesample was selected through systematic random sampling by post including 486 from 777.Self-administered questionnaires were employed with Likert rating scale and open - endedquestions.The results showed that most participants were highly satisfied with the program ( =4.05,S.D.=0.688); the first rank was on contents of the prime ministerûs regulation on office of documentationûsregulations. ( =4.26, S.D.=0.617). The personnel displayed satisfactory significant effects differenceson duty positions, education, and the office they worked.This study has implication for improving effectiveness of the training program for futuretraining management.Item Talent Management of the Provincial Administrative Organizations in the Upper Northern Northeast(Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2011-01-24) Tanate YukuntawanitchaiThis research discusses talent management of provincial administrative organizations in theupper Northern Northeast. The study focuses on the problems and the obstacles stemming fromineffective management in their clouding of the recommendations of the means for talent managementof the provincial administrative organizations in the upper Northern Northeast. The results of theresearch found that the obstacles of the ineffective management of the talent management of theprovincial administrative organizations in the upper Northern Northeast are from direct commanders andconcerned executives who do not clearly understand the objectives and the concepts of talentmanagement. Furthermore, the activities for training a talented person do not meet the requirements ofthe organizations. In addition, some of the officials in the organizations have no chance to show theirwork performance. Therefore, the assessment of the efficiency and effectiveness of the talentmanagement of the provincial administrative organizations in the upper Northern Northeast is totallyaffected. Nonetheless, after analyzing the problems and the obstacles in the provincial administrativeorganizations in the upper Northern Northeast, the researcher proposes three means of talent managementof the provincial administrative organizations in the upper Northern Northeast consisting of the executivesûsupport, setting up the objectives of the talent management, and creating the network system of thetalented. As for the external factors of the organizations, there are the policies of the organizations, thestructures of the organizations, the cultures of the organizations and the shared values of the organizationsrespectively.