International Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research (IJCBR)

Permanent URI for this collection

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/170455

Editor-in-Chief: Dr. Bharatha Ambadasu
ISSN: 2395-0471

Frequency: Quarterly

Language: English

Open Access Peer-reviewed journal

Web site: https://www.ijcbr.com/

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 208

ACCURACY OF FNAC IN FEMALE BREAST LESIONS
(2015-04) D P, Jethwani; T M, Purohit; M B, Purohit; S H, Gandhi; G A, Dhruva; K, Pujara
Background: Various breast lesions are common lesions in females with a wide range of variability from inflammatory lesions, benign and malignant breast lesions. FNAC is first diagnostic test, as it has high sensitivity and specificity. Lesions were categorized on FNA into inflammatory lesions, benign neoplastic lesions, malignant neoplastic lesions, and suspicious for malignancy. Methods: This was a retrospective study done in the Department of Pathology, P.D.U. Medical College, Rajkot, Gujarat State, India from Aug-2013 to July 2014. FNAC of 392 cases of breast lesions were done and reported by expert pathologist. The histopathological specimens when available were reported by other pathologist without prior knowledge of FNA diagnosis. Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy of FNA diagnosis were then analyzed. Results: A total of 392 cases of breast lesions were diagnosed on FNA, out of them histopathological correlation was available in 87 cases. Benign breast lesions are more common in younger patients in 21-30 yrs age group and malignant lesions are more common in old age group patients of 41-60 yrs with few exceptions. In our setup fibroadenoma is the most common benign breast lesion (26.53%) and ductal carcinoma (17.86%) is the most common malignant lesion. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNAC for malignant lesions were found to be 91.43%, 100% and 96.25% respectively. Conclusion: FNAC is an effective and valid tool as the first line diagnostic modality in the preoperative diagnosis of the malignant and benign breast lesions.
Acid Sensing Ion Channels (asics): Potential Targets For The Discovery Of Novel Therapeutics In Disease Management
(Sumathi Publications, 2018-01) Roy, Debendra Nath
Acid sensing ion channels (ASIC) are Na+ channels activa ed by ex ernal pro ons. Number of neurological (pa hological pain, expression of fear, anxie y, depression, and neurodegeneration after ischemic s roke e c) and non-neurological (brain umor, cardiovascular mechanosensation, hypoxia induced hyper ension, glaucoma, e c.) disor-ders are implica ed by various ASICs sub ypes. Due o heir known and po ential roles in many disease pa hologies, i is very au hentic o explore he impor ance of new and selective small molecule inhibi ors and even activa ors of ASICs as a research ool in clinical uses for reating hese diseases pa hogenesis. This review is aimed o find ou he herapeutic po entialities of ASICs arge ed novel drugs in con ex of heir pa hophysiological role in human body. Fluorescen dyes and optical sensors as a means of fas and efficien screening approaches would cer ainly be used o improve he discovery echnology of ASICs modula ed drugs.
Aflatoxins: An Innocent Cause of Lethality in Humans
(Sumathi Publications, 2023-12) Mohammad, Salim; Shafikun, Nisha; Mohammad, Shahid, Masroor; Shagufta, Parween
According to Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations, approximately one-fourth of the world’s food crops are continuously being contaminated comprehensively by mycotoxins. More than 300 types of mycotoxins are produced by one-fourth of the cereal crops infected. The foodstuffs containing aflatoxins are indiscriminately being consumed by people developing various ailments, diseases and even cancer innocently. Aflatoxins (Afs) have been the most widely studied mycotoxin worldwide.The disease caused by the ingestion of aflatoxins is collectively called aflatoxicosis. They are mostly found in peanuts, mouldy maize grains, rice and perishable dairy products. There are four major types of aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2) found in nature mainly produced by the Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus and A. nomius. Aflatoxin B1 has always been a potent carcinogen classified by the WHO in Group “A” as causing cancer in humans. It induces mutation in the p53 gene to develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in humans. This is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Keeping view in mind the present paper is an attempt to review the research done so far in the field of aflatoxins in humans. The review focuses on occurrence, epidemiology, historical glimpses, chemical nature and the types of aflatoxins, detection and detoxification, diagnosis, clinical symptoms and the treatment of aflatoxicosis in humans.
Alarming Signals Of Drug Addiction Among The Southern Youths In Bangladesh: A Survey Based Research
(Sumathi Publications, 2018-10) Khan, Rasel A; Galib, Adnan; Hasan, Abid; Neegar, Nahid; Roy, Debendra N
Background:Drug addictionisaseriouspublichealthcrisiswhichaffects almosteverysphereinacommunity inawayoranotherandthisinturncanpossibly leadto socialdisharmony,severecrimes,degradedsocialstatusandmostpossibly physicalandmental healthdeterioration.Thesolepurposeofourstudy wasaimedtoanalyzethecurrentawful situationofdrug addictionatfourdifferentsoutherncitiesofBangladesh.Methods:Thiscross sec-tionalhealthbasedsurvey wascarriedoutwithaself-designedstandardquestionnaireby manualdatacollectionover anine monthsperiod (12.09.2015to10.04.2016) atfour adjacent cities oopalganj, Khulna, Bagerhat andNarailrespectively. Total 300substanceabuserswere investigatedby majorlyvisitingattheirhomeandsometimesvisiting theplaceswherethey usually takedrugs.Descriptivestatisticswereappliedtothecollecteddataandanalyzedus-ing MicrosoftExcelsoftware.Results:Inthiscrosssectionalstudyweobservedthat,82%addicts arepredomi-nantlyyoungmalesmostly betweentheagesof10-30.About48%areaddictedby cannabis,19%and17%byyabaandphensedylrespectively.Incaseoffirststarting ofdruguse curiosity,surroundingenvironmentwerethepri-maryreasonandcannabisastheirfirstdrug (61%)followedbyphensedyl(16%).Atleast53%addict’srelayedonlocalitylikefriendsand 30%usedlocaldealersasamainsourcetocollecttheseabuseddrugs.Healthyfinancialsupport isveryimportantforcollectingabuseddrugsand30%addictsspendpocketmoney,23%job, 20%busi-nesssourcetobuythesecostlysubstances.Althoughitisimportanttomentionthat 61%addictsarecompro-mising eitherphysicalorpsychologicalcomplicationsbutitisoneof goodsymptomstoobservethatmorethan60%ofdrugaddictsaretrying togiveupaddiction formingagentsin thesedays. Conclusion: In recent yearsdrugaddictionhassignificantly increasedinthewholeworldespecially inSouthAsiancountries.Itmustbeemphasizedasan alarmingsignby thegovernmentaswellasawarenessamongthepeoplesarevery essentialto stop this criti-cal condition from affectingour futureyoungleaders
Analysis Of Pesticide Poisoning Cases In A Tertiary Care Hospital, Mumbai.
(Sumathi Publications, 2019-01) Karat, Rajesh D; Kedare, Rahul
Background: Acute pesticide poisoning (APP) is a serious problem worldwide. Pesticide poisoning is a common meth-od of suicide attempt and less commonly accidental poisoning in India. Methods: A prospective analysis of pesticide poisoning cases admitted to the emergency department of tertiary care, teaching hospital. The data regarding socio-demographic profile, pattern of poisoning, Occupation, type of pesticide poisoning, relation of pesticide poisoning and risk factors, time of ingestion of pesticide poisoning and Seasonal variation were studied. Results: Of 174 cases admit-ted to the emergency department of hospital with a diagnosis of acute pesticide poisoning, the most cases observed in the age group 21-30 years (n: 72, 41.37%). Total males affected were 94 (54.02%) dominating the females 80 (45.98%) and male to female ratio (1.17:1). But in younger age group, females were more affected than males. The maximum cases belonged to the lower socioeconomic class (n: 82, 47.12%) and urban areas (n: 106, 60.91%). Majori-ty of the victims married and belonged to Hindu religion (n: 140, 80.4%). The suicidal was commonest manner of pes-ticide poisoning accounting 98 cases (56.32%). The occurrence of pesticide poisoning was more frequent in the even-ing (n: 82, 47.12%) and during the, monsoon (73, 41.95%). Conclusion: Pesticide poisoning is responsible for great number of admissions and deaths in India. There is a need for adequate guidelines for sale, use, storage and safety practices for the pesticide. These will be helpful for the enhancement of the knowledge, awareness and safety practices among the population for prevention and reduction of the pesticide poisoning. It also emphasized on the early availa-bility of treatment in the poisoning cases
Anti-inflammtory activity of Ocimum Sanctum (linn) in formalin induced acute models of albino rats.
(2015-01) Mirje, Mrutyunjay M; Kumbar, Shivaprasad; Moharir, Gurudatta
The inflammatory process is the response to an injurious stimulus. It can be evoked by a wide variety of noxious agents (e.g., infections, antibodies, physical injuries). Many nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin, phenylbutazone, indomethacin etc. are in clinical use but all these are not completely devoid of adverse effects2. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of 0. sanctum alone and in combination with indomethacin was studied using formalin-induced rat paw edema. Aqueous extract of O. sanctum (200mg/kg, 300mg/kg or 400mg/kg) was administered alone and in combination with indomethacin (25mg/kg) to separate group of rats and paw volume was measured by plethysmometer and compared with control group. All the test groups showed significant (P<0.05) anti-inflammatory effect in formalin-induced rat paw edema. The reduction of edema by 0. sanctum was better than that of the standard anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin and on co-administration marginally improved the anti-inflammatory profile of indomethacin. O.sanctum possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity probably due to inhibition of both cyclooxygenase and lipooxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism (dual inhibitory property).
Antibiotic Use In Pediatric Infections; A Study In Tertiary Care Hospital
(Sumathi Publications, 2018-10) Gungam, Praveena; Yadav, Y. Sunil Kumar; Junapudi, Sunil
Objectives:Antibiotics are frequently used in tertiary care hospitals. We conducted an observational study on chil-dren admitted to a teaching hospital in south India, to make a profile of antibiotics use and suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) owing to them. Methods:Hospitalized children of either sex, aged between 1 month and 12 years, were inspected. Baseline demographic and clinical features, duration of hospital stay, antibiotics received in hospital along with dosing and indications and interest of suspected ADRs attributable to their use were recorded. Every pa-tient was followed up till discharge, admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, or passing. Results:Over the year and a half report period 364 confirmations were screened. The prevalence of Antibiotics use was 80.22%. The majori-ty of the 292 children who received Antibiotics were males (63.35%). Median age was 35 months, five children died. In most instances, either two (41%) or a single antibiotic (37.32%) was used. Ceftriaxone, co-amoxiclav, amikacin, vancomycin, and ampicillin were predominantly used. Antimalarials, antivirals and antiprotozoals were used occa-sionally. Average number of Antibiotics per patient was 2.2± 1.1 the majority (81.15%) were by parenteral route and initial choice was usually empirical. Prescriptions were usually in generic name. The antibiotic treatment went some-where in the range of 1 and 32days, with a middle of 8 days. Five ADRs were noted of which half were skin rash and the rest loose stools. Conclusions:The profile of Antibiotic utilize is comprehensively like prior Indian investigations. Apparent overuse of multiple Antibiotics per prescription and the parenteral route requires exploration. Antibiotics are being used empirically in the absence of policy. ADRs to Antibiotics are occasional and usually mild. The bench-mark information can serve in situation analysis for antibiotic prescribing guidelines.
Apocrine carcinoma of breast: a rare case report.
(2015-01) BB, Shinde; J, Chandak Anmol; DD, Giriji; R, Sonwane Saatish
Apocrine carcinoma of breast is a very rare form of breast malignancy represent about 0.4% of all invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Though clinical presentation and gross appearance are indistinguishable from classic IDC, they have distinct cytological, histopathlogical and immunohistochemical features. Tumor cells are characterized by typical apocrine features large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and large pleomorphic vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. It tends to show estrogen, progesterone receptors and her2/neu negativity and show positivity for Gross Cystic Disease Protein Fluid -15 (GCDPF-15). We report a case of 65 year old female presenting clinically as lump in right breast in upper inner quadrant since four months and having similar cytological, histopathological and immunohistochemical features.
APPLICABILITY OF ADOPTING MORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS IN PEDIATRIC ANEMIAS AS ETIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2015-10) A L, Hemalatha; S N, Shobha; K P, Ashok; B M, Sarvesh; D, Nanjundswamy; Sahni, Swati; C R, Raghuveer
Background: Pediatric anemia is a global phenomenon. The magnitude of this problem gets exaggerated in developing countries like India wherein majority of the population are vulnerable since they live in rural areas and come under low socio-economic status. Though pediatric anemias can be diagnosed by simple blood tests like complete hemogram and peripheral smear examination, the evaluation of underlying etiological factor to initiate appropriate therapy involves expensive work up which may not be affordable in a rural setup. This need-based study of pediatric anemia was conducted to determine the morphological patterns of anemia by simple baseline investigations and to detect the related etiologic factor. Methodology: The probable etiological factors contributing to the anemias were diagnosed by determining the morphological patterns using simple baseline investigations like complete hemogram and peripheral blood examination and treated accordingly. Conclusion: The etiology of microcytic hypochromic anemia was found out to be iron deficiency as confirmed by serum iron profile studies. Presence of dimorphic anemia suggested combined nutritional deficiency of Iron, vitamin B12 deficiency or folate. Hemolytic anemias detected by routine hematological investigations were confirmed by serum electrophoresis. Morphological examination of red blood cells on peripheral smear examination is thus an effective, simple and cost effective method to determine the etiology of various types of anemia.
Application Of Mobile Phone-based Portable Microscopy In Clinical Histopathology: A Feasibility Study
(Sumathi Publications, 2018-04) S M, Waliullah A
Objectives:Tocheckthefeasibilityofusingmobilephone-basedmicroscopyforvarioustypesof humanhistopatho-logical sampleinvestigations. Methodology:Afeasibilitystudywas performed byimagingseveralhistopathologicalsampleswithonenoveltypeofmicroscope“Foldscope” and imagecomparedwithaconventionalmicroscopeinthelaboratory facility.Theimageacquired frombothsourceswereeditedfurther andputtogether for comparison.Results:Mobilephone-basedmicroscopeacquiredimageswere observedandcomparedwithaconventionalmi-croscope andfoundmorphology ofthetissuesectionsweresignificantly similarasofconventionallight microscopeimages.Conclusion:By comparingtheimageofsomenon-humanhistopathological sample,itcouldbestatedthatthismethodisalsofeasiblefor humanhistopathologicalsample investigations, especiallyin thelow resourceareaor in caseofemergencysituations.
Ascariasis as a cause of acalculus eosinophilic cholecystitis – a rare case report.
(2016-01) Ramesh, Kundal; Harpal, Singh; Chakma, Swarupa; Kaur, Navpreet
Acalculus eosinophilic cholecystitis is a variant of chronic cholecystitis which is an inflammation of gall bladder. Here we presents a case of female child of 10 years age with features of abdominal pain for 6 months which after investigations found to be of an eosinophilic cholecystitis cuased by Ascaris lumricoides- a rare entity.
ASSESSMENT OF ATTITUDE AND APPROACH ADOPTED FOR STUDYING BIOCHEMISTRY AMONGST FIRST YEAR MBBS STUDENTS
(2015-07) P, Padmanabhan; RR, Karle; SN, Jangle
Background: The subject of biochemistry is taught in the first year of MBBS course. It is a subject required as an aid to understand the health and disease status of the patients in clinical studies and during medical practice. Considering the immense importance of the biochemistry subject in the future of the medical students, a feedback from the 1st MBBS students dealing with the subject would be directional. Hence the present study was undertaken at PIMS-DU with second semester of first year MBBS students as participants. Aims and Objectives: 1) To assess the attitude and approach of first year MBBS students towards the subject of biochemistry 2) Ascertain whether the medical students were informed adequately at the beginning of the course. Materials and Method: The participants of the study were first year MBBS students who are in the last month of their second semester. The questionnaire was administered amongst the students present on the particular day of study. The written responses to a 21-points questionnaire were analyzed on a Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet and descriptive analysis was done. Results: Majority of the first year MBBS students belonged to urban and semi-urban areas. metabolism was considered as the most difficult topic. The medical students had sufficient knowledge regarding the subject of Biochemistry. Their attitude and approach was analyzed towards the subject considering the minute details. Conclusions:The attitude and approach of the students of first year MBBS towards biochemistry was found to be commendable. However there is scope for further improvisation.
Assessment Of Ionized Calcium Status In Febrile Seizures
(Sumathi Publications, 2018-07) Sharma, Sandeep kumar; singh, Niranjan; Thimmaraju, K V; Tilak, Mona
Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most common disorders of the brain. One of every ten people will have at least one epileptic seizure during a normal lifespan, and a third of these will develop epilepsy. In children the most com-mon forms of convulsion are febrile seizures. Water electrolyte imbalance occurs during acute febrile illness and hy-pocalcaemia is one of them. Hypocalcaemia is also present in cases of seizures. To find out significance of calcium levels in cases of seizures this study was conducted. Aims: To assess the level of ionized calcium in cases of febrile seizure. Methods:This Case –Control study was conducted on fifty cases of febrile seizures and fifty age, weight matched controls and calcium deficiency determined in both groups. The serum ionized calcium levels were estimat-ed by ion selective electrode method using Na, K, Ca analyzer. Results: Mean ionized calcium level was 4.62±0.26mg/dl and 4.88±0.27 mg/dl in study and control groups respectively and this difference was found statistically extremely significant (p<0.001). Conclusion:The findings suggest that a considerable percentage of children having febrile sei-zures are suffering from low level of calcium.
Assessment Of Knowledge And Awareness About Leprosy Among Medical College Students In Mewat Region Of Haryana
(Sumathi Publications, 2018-01) Garima, Gini; Sharma, Abhishek; sharma, Sudhanshu; singh, Nikita; Vohra, Prakriti; Sharma, Nidhi; Singh, Sangeeta
Introduction-Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease which still remains a serious public health problem due to its ability to cause disability. The prevention of leprosy ultimately lies in the early diagnosis and treatment of the individ-uals having leprosy. Changing leprosy scenario has led to requirement of leprosy education. However the knowledge of medical college students on leprosy remains unknown. Aim: To assess the post-sensitization knowledge and awareness of medical students after state leprosy sensitization program. Materials and methods: A questionnaire based, cross sectional study was conducted among 107 medical students of different years starting from 2ndyear and onwards in the month of July 2017 after state leprosy sensitization program. Results: Among the medical students 70 (75%) were male students and 37(25%) were female students coming from different years of their admission in med-icalcollege.Regardingthebasicknowledgeofleprosy100%of3ndyear and final year students were having knowledge about the cause of leprosy and 100% of final year and 3rdyear medical students know about other name of Leprosy (Hansen,s disease) respectively.100% of final year ,3rdyear and 2ndyear medical students had knowledge about multidrug therapy (MDT) in in-depth knowledge of leprosy respectively. Regarding the virulence of bacilli 87%, 60% and 63% of final, 3rd and 2nd year medical students had apt knowledge respectively. Conclusion-These observa-tions suggest that the basic and in-depth knowledge of medical students about cause, types, prevention and treat-ment etc. of leprosy shows increasing trend owing to the part of their curriculum. However there is still a need to organize sensitization programs at regular intervals to impart basic and in-depth knowledge to new medical stu-dents, as well as to update the knowledge of those who already had such sensitization programs.
Assessment Of Serum Lipid Profile In Hypertensive Patients: A Case-control Study
(Sumathi Publications, 2020-01) V, Sushma Reddy; TV, Hari Prasad; B V, Surendra
Background: Hypertension and dyslipidemia are strongly associated with each other, and they are the most common risk factors for the development of the cardiovascular disease. Aim:Compare the serum lipid profile values among hypertensive patients and non-hypertensive individuals. Method:30 patients with Hypertension and 30 age-matched non-hypertensive controls were included in the study. From the serum, total cholesterol levels were estimated by enzymatic (CHOD-PAP) colorimetric method, triglyceride by enzymatic (GPO-PAP) method, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were estimated using precipitant and Friedewald formula, by using commercially available reagent kits. Lipid profiles were compared with controls. Results:The mean values of total cholesterol were significantly more in Hypertensives-202.93 ± 28.44 and normotensives-178.76 ± 37.21, P<0.006. The mean values of triglycer-ides were significantly more in Hypertensives-139.8 ± 18.72 and normotensives-125.8± 12.34, P<0.001. The mean values of LDL-Cholesterol were significantly more in Hypertensives-141.63 ± 11.59 and normotensives-127.83 ± 14.65, P<0.0001. Conclusions:As Dyslipidemia is associated with Hypertension, serum lipid profile may be useful in the identification of patients at risk of Hypertension. Hypertensive patients need the measurement of blood pres-sure and lipid profile at regular intervals to prevent Cardiovascular diseases.
Assessment Of Serum Paraoxonase-1 Enzyme Activity, Malondialdehyde And Vitamin-c In Oral Premalignancies
(Sumathi Publications, 2018-07) Param, Kar; Kanchan, Mohod; Puttewar, Manish; Kumar, Satish
Background:Oral premalignancies are a group of disease or syndromes which if left untreatedcanleadtocancer.ItcarriesagreatsignificanceinIndianperspective. Theactual figure of oral cancers arising from oral premalignancies is not known and to predict accuratelythemalignanttransformationsofthemisstillnotpossible.Oxidativestressisa known player behind cancerogenesis. Recently decreased Paraoxonase-1 activity and increasedoxidativestressmarkerswarefoundtobeassociatedwithOralSquamousCell Carcinoma. So, thereis astrongpossibilityofasimilar findingin Oral Premalignanciestoo. Aim: This studyaims to investigatethecor-relation between serum PON-1 activityand oxidative stress markers (MDA& Vitamin C) in patients with Oral Premalignancies. MaterialandMethods:Atotalof62patientswithclinically diagnosedoralpremalignant lesions anddiseasedcontrolswerechosenforthe study. Venous bloodsampleswerecollectedandPON-1,MDA (inse-rum)&Vitaminc (inplasma) wereanalysed spectro-photometrically. Results:A significant decreased serum PON-1 activity (P<0.05) and concomitant significantlyincreased serum MDA(P<0.05)anddecreased Vitamin Clevels (P<0.05) were observedinpremalignanciescomparedtothecontrols.Thesefinding weremorepronounced inOral Leukoplakia (OL) thaninOral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF)withasignificantdifference.Meanlevelsoftheanalysedparameters differedaccordinglyin theclinicalgrades of oral premalignancies. Conclusion:Itcanbeenvis-agedthatserumPON-1activity andincreasedoxidativestress mightbe acontributingfactorbehindpathogenesisandprogressionofOralPremalignant Diseases
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MICROALBUMINURIA AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY
(2015-04) Prabhakar Rao, P; Sujatha, C; Latha, N Madhavi; Kumar, J Praveen; Deepa, M
Objectives: Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end stage renal failure worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the association between oxidants, antioxidants and microalbuminuria in Diabetic Nephropathy compared with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Methods: The study includes 60 Type II Diabetes Mellitus and 40 Diabetic Nephropathy Patients. Parameters performed HbA1c, urea, creatinine, total proteins, microalbuminuria, glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde(MDA). Results: The levels of HbA1c, urea, creatinine, microalbuminuria and malondialdehyde are significantly higher in DN compared with Type II DM. the levels of T.P and glutathione peroxidase are decreased in DN compared with Type II DM. Conclusion: Low levels of glutathione peroxidase and total proteins were observed in DN. HbA1c, urea, creatinine, microalbuminuria and malondialdehyde levels were elevated in DN compared with Type II DM.
Association Between Serum Uric Acid And Hba1c In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Control Study In Indian Population
(Sumathi Publications, 2020-01) Verma, Indu; Nimesh, Archana
Background and Aim:Uric acid is a pro-oxidant molecule that might be implicated in increasing oxidative stress and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Hence, the aim of the study was to assess serum uric acid and HbA1clevel (an indicator of glycemic control) in these patients and speculate the association between the two. Meth-ods:40 newly diagnosed cases of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (20 males and 20 females) with age ranging between 35-70 years were statistically compared against 40 age and sex-matched healthy subjects with respect to their uric acid and HbA1c levels. Demographic data like the height and weight of patients was also recorded and statistically compared. Results:No statistical difference in age, height and weight were observed in type 2 diabetes cases vs. controls indicat-ing that the groups were comparable. HbA1c and uric acid levels of males and females with type 2 diabetes mellitus were significantly higher in comparison to normal males and females (controls). Correlation analysis showed a posi-tive and significant correlation between HbA1c and uric acid levels in male and female cases of type 2 diabetes melli-tus. Conclusion:Uric acid might have a role in the development or worsening of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, further studies are required with a larger sample size to clearly establish the relationship between uric acid and glyce-mic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus since studies in the literature have shown conflicting results and hence the un-derstanding of the etiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus remains poorly understood with respect to uric acid
Association Of Vitamin D Deficiency With Hyperandrogenism In Females With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
(Sumathi Publications, 2018-04) Hanif, Fouzia; Ilyas, Nasim; Qamar, Tehmina
Objective: This study designed to assess the relationship of vitamin D status with clinical features of hyperandrogen-ism in the young unmarried females Study design:A case control study. The study was carried out in Gynecology and Obstetrics unit of Railway Hospital, Rawalpindi from Oct, 2014 to April, 2015. Materials and Methods: A sample of100 diagnosed PCOS patients, age range 16-25 years with clinical features of hyperandrogenism were included in this study with their written consent. 25OH Vitamin D Total Elisa Kit was used to assess the levels of Vitamin D. The Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21 and ANOVA test was used to assess the relationship. P value < 0.05 was con-sidered significant. Results: Vitamin D levels were tested in PCOS patients presenting clinical features of hyperandro-genism and it is found that there is insignificant relationship present between severity of hypovitaminosis D and hirsutism (P=0.669), acne (P=0.480) and alopecia (P=0.317) among PCOS patients. Conclusion:Although hirsutisim presents itself as the most common feature in PCOS patients (51%), but no significant relationship is found between Hypovitaminosis D and clinical features of hyperandrogenism suggesting insignificant role of vitamin D in the patho-genesis of hyperandrogenism in PCOS patients.
ASSOCIATIVE FACTORS OF OBESITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF PIMPRI CHINCHWAD MUNICIPAL CORPORATION OF PUNE CITY, MAHARASHTRA
(2015-10) M, Salvirupali; A, Chandekarpratibha
Context: WHO has declared obesity as one of the most neglected disease of significant public health importance of this century. WHO official website dedicated to ‘Controlling the global obesity epidemic’ states – ‘At the other end of malnutrition scale, obesity is one of today’s most obviously visible, yet most neglected public health problem. This study was conducted to assess associative factors of obesity among adolescents and its correlation with selected demographic variables. Methods and Material: A prospective cross sectional, descriptive study, conducted on 100 adolescents studying in affluent schools of PCMC were examined. Cross sectional research design, Probability sampling technique was used. Adolescents aged 13-16 years of age studying in affluent English medium schools located in Pimpri Chinchwad area were selected. Results & Discussion: The data showed that prevalence of obesity among adolescents was more while underweight was less as evidenced by BMI. Study results showed that prevalence of obesity increased as the increased BMI. More consistent waist height ratio was observed than waist hip ratio and it was also found 39% adolescents had central obesity. 24% of males and 8% of girls consumed less total calories per day than required while 50% of males and 10% of females consumed more than required total calories per day. Conclusion: Study revealed that High BMI, presence of abdominal fat and dietary pattern are important associative factors of obesity among adolescents.

Browse

Browsing International Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research (IJCBR) by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options