Bangladesh Journal of Medical Biochemistry

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https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/150196

Editor: Professor Liaquat Ali

ISSN: 2073-9915

Frequency: Semi-Annual

Language: English

Official Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Medical Biochemists

Open Access Peer-reviewed journal

Web site: https://banglajol.info/bd/index.php/BJMB/issue/archive /

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 61

Evaluation of Serum Levels of Hepatic Enzymes and Plasma Proteins between Different Types of Acute Viral Hepatitis.
(2010) Zaman, M A; Asad, H B; Roy, M N; Hoque, N; Nasiruddin, M; Choudhury, M B K; Siddique, v; Talukder, M A M
This cross-sectional study was carried out in 80 serologically diagnosed cases of acute viral hepatitis to assess and compare the serum hepatic enzymes & plasma proteins between four different types (A,B,C,E), 20 in each group. Hepatitis E, hepatitis B and hepatitis C were more prevalent in males than that in females. The study showed that geometric mean of S.AST of all the four types differed significantly (F= 274.94, p<0.001). Geometric mean of S.ALT, S.AST and S.ALP in cases of HCV were significantly lower than others (p<0.001). Geometric mean of S.ALT & S.AST in cases of HEV were significantly increased than others (p<0.001). But the geometric mean of S.ALP of HBV was significantly higher than others (p<0.001). On the other hand though S.ALP of HAV and HEV was lower than HBV but significantly higher than HCV (p<0.001). The mean±SD of serum albumin of HCV was decreased significantly in contrast to those of HAV and HBV (p<0.001). A:G ratio of HCV was also significantly lower than other three (p<0.001). It was revealed through the study that hepatic enzymes were most affected in cases of HEV but least affected in cases of HCV.
Association of Serum Calcium and 24 Hours Urinary Excretion of Calcium in Patients of Preeclampsia.
(2010) Khatun; Kirtania, K; Shima, T S; Ferdous, S; Shahnaz, A; Yeasmin, F; Sultana, N
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of fetal growth retardation, infant morbidity, mortality and maternal death. Several biochemical changes occur during the course of the disease, among them serum total calcium and 24 hr urinary calcium excretion rate have drawn remarkable attention. A case control study was designed to see the association of serum calcium and 24 hours urinary excretion of calcium in patients of pre- eclampsia. The study was done from July 2008 to June 2009 in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. Total 60 subjects were selected as study population. Among them 30 were diagnosed case of preeclampsia and 30 were age- and sex-matched normal pregnant female healthy control. It was found that the mean measured serum calcium level in case group were 1.96 ±0.17 ( mean±SD ) mmol / l and that of control group were 2.34±0.12 (mean±SD) m mol/ l respectively. The mean 24 hr urinary calcium excretion level were 94.40 ±10.68mg/24 hr (mean±SD) in case group and that of control group were 154.35±66.68 (mean ±SD) mg / 24 hr respectively. The study suggests that low level of serum calcium and urinary excretion of calcium was associated with Pre-eclampsia.
Association of Hypertension and Smoking with Ischaemic Stroke.
(2010) Kirtania, K; Sultana, N; Ahmed, S; Khatun, A
Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for ischemic stroke. Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for atherosclerotic disease. There is a strong relationship between hypertension and cigarette smoking with ischaemic stroke. A case control study was undertaken to see the association of hypertension and cigarette smoking with ischaemic stroke. The study was done from January to December 2009 in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. A total of 60 subjects were selected as study population. Among them 30 were diagnosed case of ischaemic stroke and 30 were age-and sex-matched control subjects. It was found that 60% patients of case group and 20% respondents of control group were hypertensive and diffrence was significant. Study showed that 56.66% of cases and 53.33% of controls were smoker and the findings were insignificant. The mean duration of smoking was 27.41 ± 2.98 years in cases and 15.63 ± 2.85 years in controls which was significant. The study suggests that hypertension is significantly associated with ischaemic stroke and longer duration of smoking also associated with ischaemic stroke.
Characteristics of Insulin and Androgen Status in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
(2010) Banu, L M; Wahab, M A; Debnath, B C; Begum, D; Arslan, M I
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) was originally described as a syndrome of amenorrhea, hirsutism and obesity associated with enlarged polycystic ovaries. There is increased androgen level and in some, insulin resistance (IR). Etiological relationship of androgen excess and IR in PCOS is not established. Influence of obesity on PCOS is controversial. This study was designed to see the androgen and insulin status in PCOS among obese and non-obese patients. It was a case-control study. Of total 80 study subjects, 60 primary infertile women suffering from PCOS were cases (30 obese and 30 non-obese). Age and BMI matched 20 healthy women having normal menstrual cycles were controls (10 obese and 10 non-obese). Age range of all were 20-40 years. Fasting plasma glucose, fasting S. Insulin and free Testosterone were measured. Insulin resistance (IR) was assessed by fasting glucose to insulin ratio (<4.5). Subjects with DM or known endocrine disorders that may be associated with abnormal S.Insulin or plasma glucose concentration were excluded. No significant difference of fasting plasma glucose between PCOS (obese or non-obese) and respective controls (P>0.5, in each) were observed. Significant difference of fasting S. Insulin and testosterone were observed between PCOS (both obese and non-obese) and respective controls (P<0.01 in each), but there was no significant difference between obese and non-obese PCOS (P>0.05). There was no significant difference of S.Testosterone between obese and non-obese PCOS(P>0.05). There was also no significant difference of IR between obese and non-obese PCOS, but the ratio was <4.5 (indicating IR in both). There were no significant correlation of S.Insulin with Testosterone in any group of PCOS (obese and non-obese) (P>0.05). Increased S.Insulin and Testosterone was seen in PCOS irrespective of BMI. Further studies with larger sample size is recommended to assess etiological relationship between insulin and testosterone in PCOS.
Oyster Mushroom: Biochemical and Medicinal Prospects.
(2010) Mowsumi, F R; Choudhury, M B K
Mushroom possesses a vital portion of fungal kingdom creating a huge diversity. As a food major portion of these are unfit but as a whole these play an important role to maintain a sound health. Among them some are used as food and some as medicine. Many unknown mysterious components, very much needed for homeostasis of human body, are present in mushroom, which are now recognized as important area for biomedical researches. Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is such a mushroom which is used both as food and medicine to ensure the fitness of body. It contains protein, carbohydrates, fat, fiber, water, different kinds of vitamins and minerals as well as secondary metabolites. Its statins are outstanding in decreasing the harmful plasma lipids and in reducing blood pressure thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The beta-glucan component of oyster stimulates the immune system of the body. This mushroom is also found to be effective and beneficial in diabetes, cancer, microbial infections and so on. However, there are many other life saving components in oyster mushroom whose nature, effectiveness and mode of actions are yet to be characterized and defined.These valuable unknown informations are now subjects of researches. Bangladesh, like other countries of the world is conducting such type of researches but still has to go a long way in this field. At this very moment, it can be said beyond any doubt that oyster mushroom is very good as an alternative food and as a medicine.
Quality Control in Medical Education: Global and Bangladesh Perspectives.
(2010) Talukder, M H K
Lipid Profile Status of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Hospitalized Patients.
(2010) Begum, K; Begum, M K; Sarke, Z H; Dewan, M R K; Siddique, M J H
The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum level of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins, (HDL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients admitted in National Institute of Disease of Chest and Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka during. January 2009 to January 2010. Twenty two patients with COPD and 22 healthy controls were included in this study. Total cholesterol, HDL and TG levels were determined with ILAB 1800 Chemistry Analyzer using ILAB test Reagents. LDL concentration was calculated using the Friedewald Equation. The mean level of TG was 150.04±29.66 mg/dl and 126.14±13.28 in COPD patients and healthy control, respectively. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p<0.001). The mean level of TC was 181.83±20.11 mg/dl and 176.28±15.35 mg/dl in COPD patients and healthy control respectively (p<0.001). LDL level mean value was 116.12±14.26 mg/dl and 108.95±10.39 in COPD patients and control respectively (p<0.001). The mean value of HDL showed 38.79±2.4 in COPD patients and 39.014±1.56 in control. A statistically significance was also found between the two groups (p<0.001). Our results showed that the values of TC, TG, LDL were higher than healthy control that is highly significant statistically. On the other hand, the was significantly decreased HDL level compared with controls.
Serum Creatinine and Uric Acid Levels of Hypothyroid Patients
(2010) Khan, A Haque; Majumder, I
Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormones which, in turn, results in a generalized slowing down of metabolic processes. It is associated with many biochemical abnormalities including increased serum creatinine and uric acid levels. We reviewed more than 30 articles and a good number of textbooks to evaluate serum creatinine and uric acid levels in hypothyroid patients. We found both these parameters are significantly higher in hypothyroid patients. Chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) also affect thyroid function in many ways leading to decreased T3 and T4. So, it is important for clinicians to differentiate between chronic kidney diseases and hypothyroidism with respect to their causal and consequential entities.
Correlations of Serum Magnesium and Potassium in Acute Myocardial Infarction, Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease and Normal Healthy Volunteers of Bangladesh.
(2010) Choudhury, M B K; Hossain, M M; Akhtaruzzaman, M; Uddin, M M Jamal; Rahman, M S; Islam, M S; Jinnah, C M K; Hoque, N
Magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) are the major intracellular cations whose presence in the serum are low, but minor changes of those may show a remarkable change in the various body functions specially in the heart. The study was designed to find out the correlation between serum Mg and K in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), chronic ischemic heart disease (CIHD) and normal healthy volunteers. It was carried out over a period of 18 months in the Department of Biochemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) in collaboration with Department of Cardiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital (SSMC & MH) and Atomic Energy Center, Dhaka. A total of 101 subjects were included in which 32 subjects were AMI, 34 CIHD and 35 normal healthy volunteers. Serum glucose and serum creatinine were estimated to exclude diabetes and renal dystrophies. Estimation of serum CK-MB and ECG tracing were done as diagnostic tools of AMI and to categories the subjects into various groups. Serum Mg was estimated by Atomic absorption spectrophotometer and serum K by Ion sensitive electrode. The present study shows that there is a strong positive correlation of serum Mg and K in AMI, CIHD and healthy control subjects (r = 0.566, p<0.01 level). So it is suggested to estimate and supplement both Mg and K in IHD patients for their better management.
Efferocytosis: the Removal of Apoptotic Cells by Phagocytes.
(2010) Biswas, S K; Hoque, N
Serum Levels of Zinc and Magnesium in Newly Diagnosed Type-2 Diabetic Subjects.
(2010) Ferdousi, S; Mollah, F H; Mia, M A R
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder which affects carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. There is a strong relation between some specific oligoelements and diabetes mellitus. The study was undertaken to determine serum levels of zinc and magnesium in 60 newly diagnosed uncomplicated type 2 diabetic (group I) and 60 healthy non-diabetic subjects (group II). Serum zinc and magnesium were estimated by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The serum zinc and magnesium levels were (72.70±8.43 μg/dl) and (1.85±0.17 mg/dl) respectively in group-1 and (75.92±8.20 μg/dl) and (2.00±0.17 mg/dl) respectively in group-11. The levels were significantly decreased in group-1. Study showed that type 2 diabetes mellitus can result in changes in zinc and magnesium levels and supplementation of both zinc and magnesium may be considered in those cases.
Quality Assurance Scheme (QAS) in Medical & Dental Colleges in Bangladesh -Teacher's Knowledge.
(2010) Talukder, M H K; Nazneen, R; Hossain, M Z; Nargis, T; Alam, K K; Chowdury, I J; Parveen, I
This cross-sectional study was conducted with the objective to assess the teacher's knowledge about ongoing quality assurance scheme (QAS) at different government and nongovernment medical & dental colleges in Bangladesh. Teachers of different categories were the respondents of this study. Self administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data adopting simple random sampling. The study was conducted in 2008 & 2009. The study revealed that both government and nongovernment medical colleges are conducting the QAS in their respective institutions. The academic coordinator play a vital role to run the QAS and for phase coordination. Students also participate as the representative member of the committee. Existing infrastructure of QAS is performing at its best effort but needs further development for upgradation of the services with an aim to improve the performance of the institutes. Principles of QAS are accountability, selfevaluation and external peer review. Major areas of QAS are organizational & operational frameworks. Organizational framework consists of both academic council and course committee. External examiners are appointed by university. External assessors are appointed by academic council but needs faculty approval. Operational framework consists of course appraisal, faculty development, review scheme, & external review. The study recommends that quality assurance scheme (QAS) should be thoroughly implemented and evaluated by the national quality assurance body. Both the organizational and operational frameworks should run along with faculty development and review scheme. Teachers should be more oriented to update their knowledge for better practices of QAS.
Renal Function Before and After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG): Off Pump vs. On Pump.
(2010) Akhter, S P; Khan, S; Mehdi, T; Nasiruddin, M d; Mollah, F H
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality and several factors have been identified as predictive of complications. These include renal dysfunction and in particular renal replacement therapy. More than 600,000 coronary artery graft procedures are performed annually in the United States. Of those patients with coronary arterial disease 10% patients undergo CABG surgery. To explore the association of renal function between off-pump and on-pump-CABG. To evaluate the degree of impairment of renal function in on-pump, 80 patients (off-pump group = 50, on-pump group = 30) who underwent CABG were recruited from cardiac surgery dept. of National Heart Foundation and Research Institute Mirpur Dhaka and National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD). Subjects were selected according to exclusion and inclusion criteria. Purpose and procedure of the study were explained in detail and informed written consent was taken from the study subjects. All the information of the study subject including history, clinical finding were recorded in a preformed data sheet. Serum urea and creatinine were significantly higher in on-pump group patients 12 hours after CABG. Serum urea was significantly higher and serum creatinine was slightly in onpump group in comparison to off-pump group. The mean urea and creatinine were found significantly higher in on-pump group in comparison to off-pump group and CCr was slightly higher lower in on-pump but not significantly decreased.
Correlation between serum bilirubin and serum ferritin Level in thalassaemia patients.
(2011) Sultana, N; Sadiya, S; Rahman, M H
Thalassaemia is the most common hereditary disorder in the world including Bangladesh. Beta thalassaemia major and Hb-E thalassaemia both are common in our country. Iron overload causes most of the mortality and morbidity associate with thalassaemia. To assess the iron over load and liver function a cross sectional comparative study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka in collaboration with Thalassaemia Center and Department of Pathology, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka during the period of July 2006 to June 2007. The study was carried out with the patients who visited regularly in Dhaka Shishu Hospital Thalassaemia Centre (DSHTC) and had multiple transfusions (more than five) and age more than 2 years. To compare the state of liver function with normal healthy individuals' normal healthy persons were also included. Total 70 subjects were included in this study. The study subjects were distributed into two groups, the group - A (cases, n=40) and group - B (healthy controls, n=30). According to the major types of thalassaemia present in our country, group -A again divided into two, group - AI b-thalassaemia major (n=12) and group - AII of Hemoglobin E b-thalassaemia (n=28). The mean of serum Bilirubin in group - A and group - B were (2.04 ±0.70) mg/dl and (0.67±0.15) mg/dl respectively. Group - A had higher serum bilirubin than group -B in p value <0.001.The mean level of serum bilirubin in group - AI was (1.70±0.70)mg/dl and the mean of bilirubin in group AII was (2.18±0.66) mg/dl. Group -AI had lower serum bilirubin than group AII in p value <0.05. Pearson's correlation between serum bilirubin and serum ferritin had r value -0.26 was statistically not significant. Mean level of serum ferritin in the total was (2729.40 ± 1935.87) ng/ml, minimum level was 304 ng/ml and maximum was 7256ng/ml. Mean level of serum ferritin in the patients of b - thalassaemia major was (4098.67 ± 1598.63) ng/ml, minimum level was 1212ng/ml and maximum was 7560ng/ml. Mean level of serum ferritin in the patients of HbE b - thalassaemia was (2232.57± 1598.63) ng/ml, minimum level was 304ng/ml and maximum was 630ng/ml. Group AI had higher level of serum ferritin than group AII in p value <0.05.
Role of Glutathione in Male Infertility.
(2011) Naher, Z U; Biswas, S K; Mollah, F H; Ali, M; Arslan, MI
Infertility is a worldwide problem and in almost 50% of cases infertility results from abnormality of the male partners. Apart from endocrine disorders, definitive cause and mechanism of male infertility is not clear in many cases. Recent evidence indicates that imbalance between pro-oxidant stress and antioxidant defense plays an important role in the pathogenesis of male infertility. Among the endogenous antioxidant systems, reduced glutathione (GSH) plays a significant role in the antioxidant defense of the spermatogenic epithelium, the epididymis and perhaps in the ejaculated spermatozoa. The current study was therefore designed to evaluate any association that may exist between GSH levels and male infertility. Infertile male patients (having female partners with normal fertility parameters; n=31) and age- matched healthy male fertile control subjects (n=30) were included in this study. In addition to medical history, semen analyses including semen volume, sperm count, motility and morphology were done for each subject. As a measure of antioxidant capacity erythrocyte and seminal plasma GSH concentrations were measured by Ellman's method in fertile and infertile male subjects. The infertile subjects were similar to fertile subjects in terms of age. However, semen volume and sperm count was found significantly lower (p<0.001) in infertile males compared with healthy fertile male subjects. Percentage of subjects with abnormal sperm morphology and motility were found higher in infertile group compared with fertile group. The median (range) erythrocyte GSH level did not differ between the two groups (12.62 (0.67-29.82) versus 13.93 (2.10-21.08) mg/gm Hb). However, the seminal plasma GSH level was found markedly suppressed in infertile group (1.64 (0.23-7.50)) compared with fertile group (4.26 (2.32-7.50)) mg/dl (p<0.001). In the present study seminal plasma GSH level was found markedly suppressed along with abnormal values for semen volume, sperm concentration and sperm morphology and motility in infertile subjects compared with fertile subjects. This finding indicates that low level of seminal plasma GSH level may be associated with male infertility.
Renalase: A Novel Molecule of Clinical Importance.
(2011) Biswas, S K; Akhtaruzzaman, M
Comparison of C-reactive protein among controlled, moderately controlled and uncontrolled diabetic subjects in a Bangladeshi population.
(2011) Saiedullah, M; Rahman, M R; Shaha, S S; Begum, S; Hayat, S; Kamaluddin, S M
Poor glycemic control is significantly associated with the development of macrovascular complications of diabetes. C-reactive protein (CRP) is considered as a sensitive and independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to compare elevated CRP among controlled, moderately controlled and uncontrolled diabetic subjects in a Bangladeshi population. CRP and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured in 226 confirmed diabetic subjects purposively and randomly. Elevation of CRP in the moderately controlled (relative risk 1.64, P<0.01) and uncontrolled diabetic subjects (relative risk 1.8, P<0.001) were significantly higher than controlled diabetic subjects. HbA1c was significantly associated with the likelihood of elevated CRP in the moderately controlled diabetic subjects (OR:2.87, 95% CI: 1.41 to 5.87, P<0.01) and in the uncontrolled diabetic subjects (OR:3.83, 95% CI: 1.94 to 7.58, P<0.001). This study revealed that the likelihood of elevated CRP is associated with the increase of HbA1c in diabetic subjects.
Evaluation of Serum Calcium Level Measurement in Total Thyroidectomy Patients - A Prospective Study in Tertiary Hospitals.
(2011) Islam, M S; Paul, D; Sultana, T; Rahman, M Q; Rehena, Z; Ahmed, A N N
Postoperative hypocalcemia is the most frequent and common complication after total thyroidectomy. It is necessary to diagnose hypocalcemia immediately after total thyroidectomy for minimizing complications. The objective of this study was to measure and to evaluate the serum calcium level in total thyroidectomy patients. This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Clinical Pathology in collaboration with Department of Surgery & Department of Otolaryngology of BSMMU and Department of Otolaryngology of DMCH, Dhaka, during the period of September 2010 to August 2011. Total 65 patients were enrolled those came for total thyroidectomy irrespective of age and sex. Hypocalcemia was found in 25 cases and normocalcemia was found in 40 cases. Male were 16.0% and female were 84.0%. Females were predominant. The incidence of hypocalcemia was 38.5%. Asymptomatic hypocalcemia was found in 22 and symptomatic hypocalcemia was found in 3 cases. Hypocalcemia was developed mostly in malignant thyroid diseases. The mean difference of intraoperative (20 minutes after total thyroidectomy), after 24 hours and after 48 hours calcium levels were statistically significant (p<0.05) between patient with hypocalcemia and patient with normocalcemia in unpaired t-test. Serum calcium level significantly decreased after total thyroidectomy and most critical time is first 24 hours of post-thyroidectomy period. If clinical sign symptoms of hypocalcemia are not developed in this period, patient is safe and can be discharged from hospital.
Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance: Global Crisis.
(2011) Al-Mahmood, A K; Afrin, Syeda Fahmida; Hoque, N
Variation in response to selenium folic acid and vitamin E in arsenic exposed aerobic flora in rats.
(2011) Choudhry, Z K; Misbahuddin, M; Mojlish, U K F K
Gut bacteria are considered to be body's first line of defense against ingested xenobiotics. Various nutritional and enviormental factors play a role in bacterial growth and multiplication. Bacteria exposed to arsenic in high concentration for a long period showed growth inhibition. Influence of nutrition on bacterial growth and multiplication was observed by giving selenium (0.4 μg/day), vitamin E (1 mg/day), folic acid (200 μg/day) supplementation. Selenium and vitamin E were able to overcome the inhibitory effect of arsenic on gut flora. Selenium not only increased gut bacterial count, it also increased arsenic excretion in stool. Folic acid could not overcome the inhibitory effect of arsenic on gut flora but there was significant decrease in liver arsenic level suggestive of hepatic mehylation of arsenic.

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