International Journal of advances in health sciences

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https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/226517

Journal Name: International Journal of advances in health sciences Journal Abbreviation: Int. J Adv Health Sci. Journal website: https://www.ijhsonline.com/index.php/IJHS/index e-ISSN: 2349-7033 Frequency : Bi-monthly

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Assessing the Prevalence and knowledge of Cardiovascular Risk Factors among highway construction workers
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-06) Shaikh, Rafique; Ahmed, Javed; Pushpanjali, R
The aims of our study were to evaluate the prevalence and knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors in workplace and the global risk among workers. Data collected during these examinations included BMI and blood pressure as well as habits like smoking and physical exercise. The body mass index (BMI) of each worker was calculated and classified into four groups: underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (BMI = 18.5-23.5 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 23.5-26 kg/m2), and obese (BMI > 26 kg/m2). The clinic performed the blood sample test to examine the blood glucose (fasting or random) and the total cholesterol level. Participants with hypertension were 279 (45.07%) whereas 340(54.92%) with no any hypertension. Workers with less than a 10th-grade education were more likely to be in the high-risk category, although this difference was not statistically significant. Fasting blood glucose levels were generally normal in 396 (63.97%) participants. Participants 411 (66.39%) moderate in Physical Activity. Triglyceride was generally Normal in 389 (62.22%). The majority of tobacco and alcohol users were 379 (61.22%) and 286 (46.20%), respectively. in this assessment, 596 know Alcohol consumption raises CVD risk, 503 answers NO to Exercise regularly increases CVD risk, 367 pointed Table salt use increases CVD risk, 569 are aware that obesity increases CVD risk, 602 are aware that smoking increases CVD risk, 538 are aware that hypertension increases CVD risk, and 493 Opted NO to vegetable/fruit eating increases CVD risk.
AI applications in healthcare and medicine: A brief Strategy and applications
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-06) P., Sharnappa; Reddy, Venkataramana
Advancements in AI technology are transforming healthcare and education. This article analyzes the influence of AI in different industries and discusses its advantages in various fields, such as health care administrative, medicine, robotics for surgery, drug discovery, patient care. AI-powered predictive analytics can improve the accuracy, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of disease diagnosis and laboratory testing. In this article, we survey the current status of AI in healthcare, as well as discuss its future. The focused question explores the impact of applying AI in healthcare settings and the potential outcomes of this application. This article highlighted the applications and importance of artificial intelligence in the healthcare sector. AI in healthcare includes medical diagnosis, patient monitoring, and administrative applications. We believe that AI will play important role in future healthcare goods. Precision medicine, powered by machine learning, is a critical improvement in healthcare. These artificial intelligence/machine learning algorithms have played critical roles in critical medical applications. Successful integration of AI in healthcare is expected to improve patient outcomes, efficiency, and access to individualized, high-quality care. AI has great potential, it is not meant to replace healthcare professionals.
Assessment of household food handling knowledge and practice changes before and after the Covid19 pandemic
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-06) Kumar, Prashant; Pandit, Manjunath; Sahu, Suryakanth
Present study aims Assessment of household food handling knowledge and practice changes before and after the Covid19 pandemic. At Present SARS-CoV-2 has not been shown to be transmitted by food. However, the COVID-19 epidemic has altered household抯 perceptions about food and safety. This study evaluated households food safety behaviours before and after the COVID-19 pandemic using cross-sectional survey. In our study, the most significant difference was observed in kitchen and food hygiene in terms of sanitization for infection prevention. The expenditure on the hygiene was increased fivefold. We selected higher levels of observed data to summarize Table 2. Hand hygiene and proper hand washing knowledge in participants before Covid19 was in the category "No knowledge" with 196 (71.27%), but Secure knowledge was 210 (73.36%) after Covid19. The importance of cleaning groceries in participants before Covid19 was Primary 156 (56.72%), while Secure knowledge 167 (56.72%) after Covid19 was noted. Food securities Knowledge in participants before the Covid19 was Primary 93(33.18%) whereas secure knowledge 179(65.09%), Also, before Covid19, primary hygiene when handling cooking utensils was 197 (71.63%), while secure knowledge was 213 (77.45%). As a result, a questionnaire was used to collect information on household expenses, such as knowledge of food security, hand hygiene and proper hand washing, the usage of hand sanitizer, and hygiene when using kitchen utensils before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Assessment of the Knowledge and Perception of Sex Education among School Adolescents studying in Marathwada region, Maharashtra, India: A Cross-Sectional Study
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-06) Patil, Vishwas L.; Narhe-Deshmukh, Amol T.
Implementing sex education in schools can provide several benefits to teens. Implementing sex education in schools empowers youngsters to make informed decisions in their lives. Research indicates that sex education reduces teen pregnancy rates, provides accurate information, and decreases HIV, AIDS, and STD infections among teenagers. Therefore, sex education promotes healthy teen sexuality. A cross sectional analysis was carried out to study students' perspectives on sexuality education in secondary schools. The analysis was conducted from December to March, 2023 among school-going adolescent adolescents in class 9-12th class in two private English-medium schools located in Urban area, but the participants are lived in urban as well as rural areas. opinion of participants and their parents about the receiving the sex education in school education. At the age of 15 the participants highly opted the Don抰 know 50 (12.5%), at age 16 higher opted were Yes (%), at the age 17 higher opted were Yes 104(26%) and at the age 18 higher option were Yes 105(26.25). The gender variable Males 240opted Yes 60% and females opted Yes 147 (36.75). Parents of participants Males were opted yes 390 (97.50) and 301(75.25) female opted yes. The age group 15-18 for choice for receiving sex education in school is good 296 (74), in terms of gender total 387 (96.75%) were chosen the sex education in school. As per residence total were 337 (84.25) and parents opted yes for sex education in school were 86.375%.
Vitamin A deficiency and Ocular manifestation among rural children aged 6-15 in Tajikistan
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-06) Abdulla, Faizal; Mirzoev, Saifuddin
Vitamin A deficiency is major concern especially for the children living in developing countries. According to UNICEF, around one-third of children do not receive adequate Vitamin A supplementation. The present study focuses on Vitamin A deficiency and Ocular manifestation among rural children aged 6-15 in Tajikistan. Anemia is a major public health concern among women of reproductive age (WRA) and is associated with high maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. This community-based cross-sectional study was done vitamin A deficiency survey of children aged 6-15 in Tajikistan (rural areas). The study included a sample of children of mixed socio-economic status who reside in municipalities of high social vulnerability located in Tajikistan. The sample size studied in this survey was 276 children of aged 6-15 years, prevalence of vitamin A deficiency at 95% confidence level. In the current research, 169 (61.23) children had vitamin A deficiency, with anemia in 154 (55.79%) of them, iodine deficiency in 193 (9.92%), conjunctival xerosis in ocular manifestations, 0.36% of Bitot's spots, corneal xerosis in 1.08%, and keratomalacia missing.
Seroprevalence and molecular detection of Chikungunya virus in serum of outpatients in selected area of Telangana state of India
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-02) Aedem, Riya; Joseph, Maria; Shaikh, Nafees
CHIKV (Chikungunya virus) has already been discovered in over 110 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. Transmission has been interrupted on islands where a significant part of the population gets sick and then develops immune; yet, transmission routinely continues in countries where large segments of the population have not yet been afflicted. Of the 29 sampleas, 20 were positive for antibodies against CHIKV, the 09 samples were negative. The positivity averages of IgM and IgG detected against CHIKV were 45% (27 �.61 (�9.67%))and 55%( 33 �.19 (�9.67%)) respectively. Of the total number of patients involved in this study, 12 (60%) were women and 08 (40%) were men with the mean age of 27.50?years. myalgia, Joint pain and Abdominal pain were the symptoms most reported by participants of this study. Fever, headaches, and myalgia were observed in all patients. Public health initiatives, research advancements, and community engagement are crucial in combating Chikungunya and mitigating its negative effects on the population's quality of life.
A clinico-epidemiological investigation of human Leptospirosis in the Panhala hill area of Maharashtra, focusing on agricultural and dairy farm-A Population Based Case Control Study
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-04) Yadav, Shivaji; Pawar, Baliram T.; Gaikwad, Ganesh M.
The clinico-epidemiological study, which focused on agricultural and dairy settings in the Panhala hill area of Maharashtra, was a beneficial method to studying the dynamics of human leptospirosis in that particular location. A population-based case-control research can shed light on the disease's risk factors and assist guide focused efforts for prevention and treatment. In this study, we enroll individuals who have been diagnosed with leptospirosis (cases) and compare them with a control group of individuals without the disease. The study aim to collect data on various clinico-epidemiological factors to determine potential associations and risk factors for leptospirosis in the agricultural and dairy settings of the Panhala hill area. For the age group and gender, a total of 22 confirmed cases of leptospirosis were documented. Of the cases, the age group of 36� years accounted for 60% of them, followed by 15� years (40.9%) and 56+ years (12.5%). More than 81.81% lived in rural regions, with almost 68.18% working as farmers, followed by animal husbandry (22.72%) and daily wage jobs (9.09%) such as dairy work. In control there were Males 20 and 24 females. By conducting a clinico-epidemiological investigation in the Panhala hill area, researchers can gain a better understanding of the local dynamics of leptospirosis transmission, identify specific risk factors in agricultural and dairy settings, and develop evidence-based strategies for prevention and control. The findings from such a study can contribute to the overall knowledge and public health response to leptospirosis in the region.
Prevalence of Insomnia in patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A cross-sectional study from selected region of Hamirpur, India
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-10) Kumar, Sanjay; Sharma, Shivani; Verma, Mohini; Singh, Neetu
This cross-sectional survey was conducted over the course of a year in 2021 among people of the Indian city of Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, with participants selected by a convenient sampling procedure. Patients who did not use any form of medicine for their sleep problems were eligible for inclusion, but those who already had sleep disorders and used sleeping pills or psychoactive substances, or had a serious mental disease and drug addiction were excluded. Ultimately, 50 was selected for the research. Each participant completed the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire, which consists of five items with a total score ranging from 0 to 28. This study found that individuals had an ISI of 13 � 6.2 before and 21 � 2.2 after CABG. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research to describe the prevalence of insomnia in patients undergoing CABG in this population/region. According to our findings from comparing the Insomnia Severity Index, severe problems were previously documented in patients undergoing CABG. It is because the worry of a heart attack might occur at any time prior to the CABG. After the CABG, the blockage issue in the heart attack incidence were eliminated, and the assurance of life felt rose, thus severe sleeplessness decreased significantly over time.
Organ Donation awareness among farmers of selected rural area of Andhra Pradesh
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-12) Panda, Manisha; V., Rajlaxmi; Raju, Venkareddy
The study designed to analyze the knowledge and attitudes toward organ donation among farmers and laborers in Andhra Pradesh. Health care workers play an important role in educating and raising awareness about organ donation in a community. In our research of 465 individuals, 136 were female and 329 were male. This cross-sectional survey successfully assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and desire to donate organs. We checked Attitude and the willingness of organ donation by the question Whom would you like to donate to farmers in responded Family member 119 (39.66%) and Laborers 75 (45.45%) and the organ donation to 揂ny Religion�, farmers responded 50 (16.66%) and Laborers 33 (20%). As an Indian citizen with a social obligation to society to assist better people's lives, I checked this criterion using the question Should organ donation be promoted? Farmers opted YES 269 (89.66%), while laborers voted NO 132 (80%). In question: Have you ever donated blood? Farmers 190 (63.33%) chose yes, while laborers 74 (44.84%) chose no. Response to the question "Do you think it's important to bury my body "whole"? 179 (59.66%) farmers and 119 (72.12) laborers said YES. Organizing campaigns and activities to raise awareness about organ donation can assist farmers and laborers improve their knowledge and attitudes.
Consumption of caffeinated Energy Drinks and their symptoms among undergraduate students from Bengaluru Rural District, India: A cross-sectional study
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-12) S., Sindhu; Reddy, Pramod; Bahiwal, Rahul; Reddy, Ranjith
This study aimed to investigate the consumption of EDs and their symptoms among undergraduate students in two degree colleges in Bangalore, India. The data was collected via an online self-administered questionnaire. It consists of three sections to fulfil the study's objectives. Descriptive statistics were used to represent participants' socioeconomic and demographic information, daily habits, consumption of energy drinks, and side effects. The final sample size is 179, but 350 students from various higher secondary schools were initially enrolled in this study. 51.14% of the 179 undergraduate degree students who participated in this survey responded. Since a 171 undergraduate students expressed no interest in participating in our study. The primary reason why 76.53% of participants in our study drank caffeinated EDs was to refresh their moods. The majority of students (52.51) drank one can per week. For one year, almost the same amount of students take caffeinated EDs. Half of the students used alcohol, while the majority of students (60.33%) smoked. Of all students, 56.98% and 57.54%, respectively, had irregular sleep patterns. The majority of research participants (90.39%) reported experiencing particular symptoms after consuming energy drinks, as Table 3 illustrates. 30.16% experienced acidity, sleep deprivation (20.67%), headache (11.73%), omitting (5.09), elevated heart rate (32.96%), stomach pain (8.37%), and stress (10.61%), whereas 10.61% had no symptoms. The findings of this study suggested that college students' desire to try new things, stress from examinations, and parties are all contributing to the rise of caffeinated EDs in the diet, which is harmful to their health. These issues should be considered when developing regulations to safeguard young people from the health consequences and side effects of energy drinks.
Family support and self-care in the management of diabetes patients� perspectives from Pettah region of Indian state of Kerala
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-10) V., Radhakrishnan; M., Parvathi; Kajoriya, Dinesh; Mishra, R K
Patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited using convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria included being above the age of 30, having Type 2 Diabetes and being willing to be interviewed/recorded on hospital wards. Patients with other forms of diabetes, pregnancy, and cognitive impairments such as dementia, as well as inability to speak Marathi, Hindi, or English, were excluded. Twenty eligible patients (18.01%) accepted to participate. Men made up 70% of the research participants, women 30%; 60% of the participants were between the ages of 41 and 50; 85% of the participants were married; and 50% of the participants had finished lower secondary and secondary school (grades 11 and 12). Of the patients, the majority (55%) lived in joint family. The involvement of family in daily life routines significantly enhances the management of chronic conditions. As a result, self-care behaviors such as dietary management, exercise, medication are eventually developed. Participants responded positively about their family support. Older persons were happy and grateful to receive the family support. Most of the Female participants were unhappy with the support from husband and other family members.
Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics and effect of Smoking Cessation on WBC and platelet indices: a retrospective study
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-04) Patra, Niranjana; Hemamalini, B.; Kumari, Shweta
The aim of this study was to assess the values of mean platelet volume (MPV) in regular smokers and the effect of smoking cessation on WBC and MPV. The study included 46 regular smokers (mean age: 36.4 + 9.6 years). Smokers were chosen among those who had visited a smoking cessation outpatient clinic from August 2021 through March 2022. 40 out of 46 frequent smokers were successful in quitting. Platelet indices, including MPV, platelet count, platelet distribution width (PDW), and white blood cell (WBC) count, were assessed per months following smoking cessation in 40 subjects and compared to their baseline platelet indices. There were no statistically significant differences between the Smoker and control groups with respect to age, gender, BMI19.2/20.9, SBP 132/129.9, DBP 79.6/78.3 and levels of glucose higher in smoker group (102.8 � 10.3/96.3 � 10.9), creatinine 0.91�11 / 0.8 � 0.2, total cholesterol 186.2 � 36.9/196.5 � 21.3, triglyceride 147.7�.2/150.3 � 73.8, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 111.6�.2/123.8 � 30.6, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol 42.9�.0/45.9 � 9.6, WBC 5.99�2/5.62 �50, haemoglobin 14.9�0/14.2�5, The MPV values were significantly higher in smokers than those of controls (8.02 � 0.72/7.50 � 0.32) and PDW 15.1�3/15.2�6. Platelet count was higher in the control group 225.6 � 32.0 than Smoker group 191.9 � 40.2 but the difference did not reach a statistically significant level. By emphasizing the connection between smoking, platelet activation, and cardiovascular diseases, can contribute to increasing the motivation for smokers to make the decision to quit and ultimately improve their overall health and well-being.
Norovirus gastroenteritis associated with food served by housewives at home in Bihar, India: A Case-control study
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-08) Khan, Nadeem; Dipak, Chandan; Kumar, Neelima; Vishakha
A retrospective case-control study was undertaken between the 17th and 24th of 2022, with participants including patients (housewives) admitted to the hospital. All the patients in hospital are from local region and are housewives. The main sources of this Norovirus infection are from the unhygienic kitchen. Unhygienic utensils in the kitchen, inadequate food storage and improper waste disposal were identified. Investigation showed that womens in kitchen used tap water for cooking but used untreated ground water to wash food ingredients and utensils. Questionnaires were returned from 35 attendees, out of total 46 questionnaires distributed (response rate 76 %).Thirty-Five cases (including 15 confirmed cases) and 45 controls were identified and interviewed (Control cases are of same age and sex of confirmed cases). All cases were aged 10� years old, are 35 females. We have randomly selected the 45 participants for control group. 15 of the 35 stool specimens were positive for GII Norovirus. Other stool samples tested were negative for bacterial pathogens. To detect the Norovirus, Real-time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction testing was conducted. By prioritizing and consistently implementing robust hand washing and utensil washing protocols, food service establishments can significantly reduce the risk of Norovirus transmission in the kitchen environment. This, combined with other sanitation and hygiene measures, can contribute to a comprehensive strategy for preventing Norovirus outbreaks and ensuring food safety. An improved vaccine development and implementation of interventions is the need for the eradication of Norovirus.
Mental Stress and Sleep quality for frontline healthcare workers exposed to the outbreak of COVID-19
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-02) C., P. Gujar; Chaturvedi, Chandrakant P
During the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety symptoms were reported in 28.8% and depressive symptoms in 16.5% of the general population in China [21]. In the literature review [22-25], no difference was found between the units where the medical personnel were working during the pandemic and their anxiety levels. The current study is considered that the anxiety of medical personnel increased due to having to provide simultaneous treatment and care to both adults and children, who are very different from each other in terms of their characteristics and needs. A total of 120 health workers participated in this study. Male participants are 50(41.66%) and female participants are 70(78.33%), in which 100(83.33%) were married and 20(16.66%) were Unmarried having the work experience upto 2 years were 40(33.33%) and above 2 years experience were 80(66.66%).Among them having nursing education 62(51.66%) and medical education were 58(48.33%). The prevalence of occupational stress among CHWs was found Feel tired (43.33%) followed by emotionally exhausted (26.66%) and Feeling weak (30%) stress in the present study. Although these findings were matched on the level of stress, statistics between these two studies differ. However, no evidence of association was observed between occupational stress and other socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, education, job position, and working year. Occupational stress was significantly associated with various stressors such as under Feel tired, emotionally exhausted and Feeling weak.
Quality of life 5 years after cardiac surgery: Preoperative and Postoperative status
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-08) Patil, Sandip; Vaghamare, Netra; Chavan, Saksham
A prospective cohort research in Maharashtra state, India, assessed changes in quality of life (QoL) following cardiovascular surgery at two major hospitals. Par璽icipated in a study about five years earlier, Data were collected from Jan-2018 to Feb-2023. All willing participants aged 45 to 75 years old with a CAD diagnosis, who could speak and read local/English and were scheduled to have CABG surgery, were invited to participate in a patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessment. Among 175 patients enrolled total participants were 150, aged 45 to 75 undergoing scheduled cardiac surgery during the study period. The characteristics of the study population are shown in Table 1. The patient flow through the study is outlined in Figure 1. All responders are male patients, The mean age when responding was 61.2. Health-related characteristics of the participants (N = 150) five years after coronary artery bypass graft surgery stated in table3. Health-related characteristics of the participants (N = 150) five years after coronary artery bypass graft surgery, the stress, exercise and perceived health status was improved, the reduced counts of patients numbers shown in case of habits i.e. Smoking and Drinking, than the preoperative health status. Our findings indicate that the physical and mental component of QoL improves considerably up to 5 years following surgery. A questionnaire-based study will not identify all concerns experienced by the patients. Therefore, more information might be obtained by further studies using other designs such as qualitative interview techniques.
An Observational Analytical Study of the Fatigue Index in Young Adult with Reference to Different Mizaj
(IJHS medical Association, 2024-08) Saifi, Mohammad Waseem; Fahad, Ataullah; Bihari, Lal; Nuzhat; Nilofar, Shaikh; Fatma, KM Fizza; Almas, Uzma; Shams, Najida Fatima; Jamal, Yusuf
Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in clinical medicine. It is a prominent manifestation of a number of systemic, neurologic, and psychiatric syndromes, although aprecise cause will not be identified in a substantial minority of patients. Fatigue refers to the subjective human experience of physical and mental weariness, sluggishness, low energy, and exhaustion.[1] Fatigue is typically described as extreme and persistent tiredness, weakness, orexhaustion, whether mental, physical, or both. In many cases, fatigue doesn't have a clearphysical cause and can arise as a result of illness or simply from exertion, inadequate rest, or an inadequate diet. Therefore, it's best to think of fatigue as a spectrum, ranging from mild complaints that are frequently seen in the community to severe, disabling fatigue that can have significant social and economic consequences.[2] The concept of Mizaj in the Unani system of medicine is a vast area of research. Mizaj theory finds its roots in the ancient four Humors theory. This medical theory was systematized and developed by the Greek physician Buqrat (Hippocrates, 460-370 BC). He believed that the body, and diagnosis caused certain human moods, emotions, and behaviours and line of management of any disease is based upon it. In this cross-sectional descriptive study to assess the Mizaj and fatigue severity, we used Mizaj assessment proforma based on classical literature and fatigue severity scale in apparently healthy individuals of different ages and both genders & this study was carried out in students of Ayurvedic and Unani tibbia College & Hospital, Karol Bagh New Delhi.
Impact of blood pressure and hypertension in the risk assessment of heart diseases among young people
(IJHS Medical Association, 2021-08) Labib, Muhammad; Laal, Javaid; Fayyaz, Saleha
Introduction: Hypertension is a significant public health problem, with a worldwide prevalence of 40.8% and a control rate of 32.3. Hypertension is a noteworthy hazard factor for various genuine health conditions, including cardiovascular ailment, cerebrovascular malady, and constant kidney illness. Objectives of the study: The main objective of the study is to find the effect of blood pressure and hypertension in the risk assessment of heart diseases among young people.Methodology of the study: This study was conducted at Islam teaching hospital and Victoria hospital Bahawalpur, Pakistan. This study was conducted according to the rules and regulations of ethical committee of hospital. This research will help towards next findings of effect of blood pressure in hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.Results: The data shows that there is a significant relationship between hypertension and CVD. There is also some positive relationship between socio-economic status and hypertension with respect to CVD. Conclusion: In conclusion, the current hypertension paradigm does not account for the continuous risk associated with elevated BP or the multifactorial nature of CVD, the primary consequence of elevated BP.
Obstructive Spirometeric Patterns and Its reversibility against Short acting ß-2 Agonist in Patients with Bronchiectasis
(IJHS Medical Association, 2021-06) Huda, Noor ul; Tahir, Maryam; Javid, Aiman
Objectives: To determine the frequency of obstructive pattern of spirometry in bronchiectasis patients. Material and methods: This case series study was conducted at Department of Pulmonology, Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Total 143 patients with bronchiectasis having age 30-60 years either male or female and having duration of symptoms ?1 years were selected for this study. Results: Total 143 patients with Bronchiectasis were selected for this study. Mean age of the patients was 47.56 ± 9.11 years, mean weight, mean height and mean BMI was 68.01 12.22, 59.63 ± 4.21 and 29.84 5.71 respectively. Out of 143 patients of Bronchiectasis, Positive obstructive pattern was noted in 80 (55.9%) patients and reversibility was noted in 45 (56.25%) patients. Conclusion:Results of this study showed a higher number of positive obstructive pattern in patients of bronchiectasis and percentage reversibility is also very high. Reversibility was significantly associated with age of the patients and duration of disease.
A Comparative Study on Therapeutic modalities in the Management of Spinal Anesthesia-Induced Hypotension in Parturient in Cesarean Delivery
(IJHS Medical Association, 2021-08) Ismail, Muhammad Fahad; Altaf, Ayesha; Ahmad, Asad
Objective: was to compare the two therapeutic modalities, fluid preloading and ephedrine, in the management of spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in patients undergoing elective cesarean delivery. Methodology: Following ethical approval from Mayo hospital ethical committee and informed consent from patients study was started in Department of Anaesthesia. Duration of study was one year from November 2016 to October 2017. A total of 90 patients were enrolled through non probability consecutive sampling and randomly divided into two equal groups 45 patients in each. Group F for fluid preload patients and group E for ephedrine receiving patients. Required data was collected on preformed performa. Data information was entered in SPSS version 24 and analyzed for variables. Continuous variables were presented as mean and SD and categorical data was presented as numbers and percentages (%). Independent t-test was applied to see significance of results. P value equal or less than 0.05 was considered as significance. Results: Overall, 90 women were included in this study. The study consisted of two equal groups, 50% in each, i.e. F group and E group respectively. Mean trend of systolic blood pressure was shown in table 2. Higher means were observed in E group than in F group. The difference was statistically significant with regards to groups (P < 0.05). The mean trend of heart rate was shown in table 3. Higher means heart rates were observed in the E group as compare to the F group. The differences were statistically significant with regards to groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Results of our study revealed that use of ephedrine is superior to that of fluid preloading in managing hypotension after spinal anesthesia in cesarean section deliveries.
Carotenoids from marine bacteria: A natural antioxidant and UV protectant
(IJHS Medical Association, 2023-10) Soni, Nidhi; Dhandhukia, Pinakin; Thakker, Janki N
For the cosmetics and pharmaceutical sectors, marine resources are a promising supply of organic substances. Marine organisms have evolved particular metabolites to combat threats to their survival, reproduction, and the easier storage, movement, and turnover of essential biological materials in habitats with extreme conditions like high salinity, low temperature, or intense pressure.Several newly conducted research studies on pigments, such as violacein, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, zeaxanthin, rubrolone, and carotenoid derivatives of bacteria from marine sources, confirm their effective radical scavenging activity. Carotenoids are tetraterpene, lipophilic bioactive pigments synthesized by archaea, algae, photosynthetic bacteria, and plants. Carotenoids are divided into two categories, oxygenated carotenoids (xanthophylls) having oxygen as a functional group, and hydrocarbon carotenoids (carotene) made of carbon and hydrogen atoms Carotenoids are important because of their functional properties, which include their usage in the food industry as color additives and natural antioxidants, as well as chemotaxonomic markers and pharmaceuticals. The present review aims to describe 1) carotenoids from marine bacteria 2) the antioxidant properties of carotenoids 3) the Exposure consequences of ultraviolet radiation 4) the protective role of carotenoids. Photoaging, sunburn, and skin cancer are all possible side effects of excessive UV exposure. Carotenoids have potential use in the pharmaceuticals and cosmetic industry as anti-aging, photoprotective, skin-whitening, anticancer, and immunity boosters because of their antioxidant and UV protection properties.

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