Norovirus gastroenteritis associated with food served by housewives at home in Bihar, India: A Case-control study
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Date
2024-08
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IJHS medical Association
Abstract
A retrospective case-control study was undertaken between the 17th and 24th of 2022, with participants including patients (housewives) admitted to the hospital. All the patients in hospital are from local region and are housewives. The main sources of this Norovirus infection are from the unhygienic kitchen. Unhygienic utensils in the kitchen, inadequate food storage and improper waste disposal were identified. Investigation showed that womens in kitchen used tap water for cooking but used untreated ground water to wash food ingredients and utensils. Questionnaires were returned from 35 attendees, out of total 46 questionnaires distributed (response rate 76 %).Thirty-Five cases (including 15 confirmed cases) and 45 controls were identified and interviewed (Control cases are of same age and sex of confirmed cases). All cases were aged 10� years old, are 35 females. We have randomly selected the 45 participants for control group. 15 of the 35 stool specimens were positive for GII Norovirus. Other stool samples tested were negative for bacterial pathogens. To detect the Norovirus, Real-time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction testing was conducted. By prioritizing and consistently implementing robust hand washing and utensil washing protocols, food service establishments can significantly reduce the risk of Norovirus transmission in the kitchen environment. This, combined with other sanitation and hygiene measures, can contribute to a comprehensive strategy for preventing Norovirus outbreaks and ensuring food safety. An improved vaccine development and implementation of interventions is the need for the eradication of Norovirus.
Description
Keywords
Norovirus, RT-PCR, vomiting, diarrhoea, nausea, myalgia, sanitation and hygiene
Citation
Khan Nadeem, Dipak Chandan, Kumar Neelima, Vishakha. Norovirus gastroenteritis associated with food served by housewives at home in Bihar, India: A Case-control study. International Journal of Advances in Health Sciences. 2024 Aug; 11(4): 10-15