Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities
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Item Access to Mass Media by Disabled Youths in the Greater Bangkok Area(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-03-11) Thonggroy, MonruedeeThe objective of this study is to investigate: The situation regarding access to mass media by disabled youths in the greater Bangkok area; and problems encountered while accessing mass media. Fifty-five samples of this qualitative research were purposively selected, consisting of four groups of disabled youths: 16 youths with visual impartment from the Bangkok School for the Blind, 17 youths with hearing impairment from the Nonthaburi School for the Deaf, 15 youths with physical impairment from Srisangwal School in Nonthaburi province and seven teachers who took care of youths with intellectual disabilities at Panyanukul School in Chachoengsao province. Interview guidelines were used for data collection. An analytical-descriptive approach was used for data analysis. Results: (1) Youths with visual impairment reported access to radio, because radios provided the most details via voice, followed by television and the Internet. They accessed the Internet using the PPA Tatip software program, which transformed text into speech. Youths with hearing impairment reported access to the Internet via the Camfrog and MSN programs, followed by television and publications. Youths with physical impairment reported they accessed television, followed by the Internet, radio and publications. Youths with intellectual disabilities accessed televisions, followed by radio, the Internet and publications. (2) Youths with visual impairment had problems accessing television, due to unclear narration, as radio broadcasts were clearer; and problems with the Internet, due to a shortage of the PPA Tatip program. Youths with hearing impairment had problems with an absence of sign language and subtitles being too small and moving too quickly at the bottom of the screen. Youths with physical impairment lacked supplemental instruments for computer use. Youths with intellectual disabilities had different problems with access, depending on particular disability and perception problems.Item Access to Work Opportunity in Labour Markets of Persons with Physical Disabilities in Samutprakarn Province(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-03-11) Siriwattanakul, Orawan; บริษัทลิ้งค์เกจ จำกัดThis research aims to study access to work opportunity, opinions on relevant factors of work opportunity and factors related to work opportunity. This quantitative research covered 398 persons with physical disabilities working in Samutprakarn Province according to the performance report of Ministerial Regulations on Employment (Disabled Persons) for the Year 2009 prepared by Samutprakarn Provincial Social Development and Human Security Office. With the Simple Random Sampling Method and Multi - Stage Sampling Method, the sample size was 196 as set by Krejcie and Morgan Table and classification lists by district and sub-district groups. It was found that knowledge on job application was at the low level; consultancy and job application was at the moderate level; and employment was at the low level. The first reason of employment was skills responding to employers needs, followed by opportunity provided by employers. The occupational training and different occupation analysis had relationships with consultancy. From this study, the recommendations are that, persons with disabilities should be supported to access various training services, employers employing persons with disabilities and recognizing their capability should provide information to employer associations in order to provide more work opportunity to persons with disabilities, families should encourage self reliance of children with disabilities to have jobs and incomes. Persons with disabilities should develop their occupational skill and knowledge to strengthen their capability to meet employers’ needs.Item Attitudes toward and Problems in Providing Services to Persons with Disabilities of Taxi Drivers(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-03-11) Mittanonsakul, KanjanaThe purposes of this study were to investigate attitude and problems of taxi drivers and to investigate the relationship between the taxi drivers’ attitude toward their personal information. The Attitude Toward Disable Person Scale (ATDPS) Form A was used as a research tool to find out its mean scores, standard deviation and percentage. A questionnaire was also used to find out and specify problems of taxi drivers while providing their service to disabilities persons. The sampling of this study consists of 100 taxi drivers in Bangkok metropolitan area. These data were completely collected in June 2010. The results of this study revealed taxi drivers’ attitude towards disabilities persons at medium level tending to high level of the scale. The problems of the taxi drivers while providing service to disabilities persons were specified as following: concerning about ability of disabilities persons to get on and get off a taxi; concerning about providing service to in congestion area; concerning about ability to give direction of disabilities persons; lack of knowledge for help and supporting disabilities persons to get on and get off a taxi; and also concerning about communication with deaf person. The recommendations of this study were: (1) giving knowledge and skills of help and supporting disabilities persons for taxi drivers is necessary to increase their confident and also motivate them to provide their service to disabilities persons; (2) supporting disabilities persons to increase their self-esteem and providing impression image of disabilities persons to public also necessary.Item Community Based Rehabilitation: Multiple Perspectives and Significances(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2010-01-12) Tavee CheausuwantaveeThis Research aims to examine and critique literatures and phenomena of Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR) in terms of the different meaning and significance beyond the traditional meaning as WHO and other international organizations defining. The 20 existing literatures regarding CBR and disability in which have been available in the library of Ratchasuda College, Mahidol University and Thamasat University were purposively collected. The data as direct experiences, filed visits, and tape-recording of dialogues and reflections among researcher and other participants within the previous research project in Phutthamonthon District, Nakornpathom Province, Thailand were also undertaken. The critical theory approach as interpretation and dialectical critique were administered on those data for constructing meaning or significance of CBR. The results reveal that there are the 6 different meanings and perspectives of CBR as follows: 1) a process for establishment of society ideal 2) a process for stigma breakdown and a ritual of passing 3) a competitor of capitalism 4) a social justice 5) a practice of discourse 6) an integral model. The research results suggest that once those different meanings and perspectives of CBR have been illustrated, the new understanding and awareness of policy makers, administrators and practitioners concerning CBR have to be emphasized. Furthermore, the new academic arguments on CBR should be studied.Item A Comparative Study of An Instructional Program on Stump Care of Lower Extremity Amputees Between A Nurse’s Teaching Method and An Instructional Video Program(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2010-07-29) Chananan PhokhwangThe purpose of this study was to compare knowledge, practice, and satisfaction of subjects receiving an instructional program on stump care for lower extremity amputees between a nurse\’s teaching method and an instructional video. Subjects were 60 lower extremity amputees between 20-60 years old receiving stump care and prosthetic legs at the Prosthetic Department, Siriraj Hospital. The subjects were purposively divided into two groups, with 30 subjects in each. The experimental group watched an instructional video, whereas the control group received a nurse\’s teaching method. Pre - and post-tests were administered using the same questionnaire for assessing the subjects\’ knowledge, practice, and satisfaction level. These tests were conducted right after the teaching was completed. Percentages, means, and standard deviations were computed and analyzed for the score distributions. A t-test was used to compare the knowledge and practice scores of the two groups, and a chi-square test was used to compare the teaching satisfaction scores of the two groups. \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ The results of the study revealed that there were no significant differences between knowledge and practice on stump care for lower extremity amputees that received information from a nurse\’s teaching method and from an instructional video (p \< 0.05). However, the group that received information from the nurse\’s teaching method had a higher satisfaction level than the group watching the instructional video\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ (p \< 0.05). The satisfaction score may be different due to the fact that many lower extremity amputees had stress, anxiety, and hopelessness that impeded their learning, adaptation, and self-care. As a result, when they received prosthetic care and rehabilitation instruction from nurses who provided not only the prosthetic care but also mental support, they felt satisfied with the teaching and care and they could adjust socially and mentally. In contrast to the nurse\’s teaching, the video was a one-way communication method and subjects could not ask about or consult on their problems when\ \ they wanted to discuss them or get further clarification. Therefore, subjects receiving video instruction may be deficient inunderstanding and adapting socially and mentally toward their lives as lower extremity amputees. หน้า \ 40\ วารสารวิทยาลัยราชสุดา\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ ปีที่ 5 \ ฉบับที่ 1-2\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ Accordingly, the results of this study suggested that teaching materials or instructional technology should be used with all groups of amputees for the ultimate benefit. Additionally, the nurse\’s teaching method and video should be combined for better outcomes. Further studies should be expanded to include other populations.Item Comparative Study in Disability Law of Thailand, United Kingdom and United States of America(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-02-07) Tavee CheausuwantaveeThe purposes of this comparative research were to explore the features of disability laws/policies regarding disability in terms of their different and similar natures of Thailand, United Kingdom and the United States of America, and to address social, economic and political context influencing on ontology and normative notion of disability policies of those countries. Features of disability policies were mainly derived and collected from The Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons Act 1991 (B.E.2534) of Thailand, The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (DDA) of UK and The Americans with Disability Act 1990 (ADA) of US and other documents regarding such disability policies which were available on internet as possible as finding out. Typology analysis and interpretation were administered on these particular data. The results revealed that the 4 similar features of disability policies of those countries were definition of disabilities, promotion of occupation/employment for PWDs, human right and dignity concern and governmental financial support. In contrast, the 4 different features of disability policies were attitudes towards PWDs, service orientations, law monitoring and punishment, intentionality of promotion of occupation/employment for PWDs and participation of PWDs as policy maker. Empowerment orientation, capitalism and human right movement shaped disability policies from philanthropic/charitable model to medical model and social model eventually. Although disability law/policy of UK and US was focused on empowerment and independent living as a social model, discrimination and stigma were still occurred and critical problem of PWDs. These events probably implied that quality of life of PWDs could not only be enhanced by law but also morality and consciousness of society or community.Item Creative Thinking Development in the Deaf from Ceramic Arts(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2010-07-29) Ranee Sa-ngiamThe Creative Thinking Development in the Deaf from Ceramics Arts is action research. The purposes are study level creative for The Deaf and develop creative thinking of making ceramics from ceramics Activity Series. Samples are 14 deaf of Ratchsuda College, Mahidol University who were studying in bachelor degree program in Deaf Study with ceramics major. Research instruments were The Test for Creative Thinking – Drawing Production and 4 Creativity Development Activity Series. Paired t-test was used as statistical analysis tool to compare student’s creative thinking before and after using the activity sets. A Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to analyze congruence between The Test for Creative Thinking – Drawing Production and Creativity Development Activity Series. Research result revealed that after samples used Creativity Development Activity Series, their score for the Test for Creative Thinking – Drawing Production was higher. The result showed that Creativity Development Activity Series help stimulating creative thinking of the Deaf Creative Development Activity can also be applied to children who are the target with different ages by adjusting activities. The result could be the development of holistic thinking and the improved quality of life of the Deaf.Item Developing Ability of Muscle Ties Big for Person with Physical Impairment or Movement Health Problem by Coconut Shell Treats(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-03-11) Suwan, Rangsiwut; ศูนย์การศึกษาพิเศษประจำจังหวัดสระแก้วThe purpose of this research is to made and developing coconut shell treats and study ability of muscle ties big for person with physical impairment or movement health problem after coconut shell treats. Sample was person with physical impairment or movement health problem 3- 10 year do not be crippled person overlaps. Register take serve from zero special provincial Srakaew education, the academic year is 2550-2551 were 11 person by Purposive Sampling. The instrument was the coconut shell treats and observes the behaviour. The data were analyzed by using percentage, mean, standard deviation and t-test. The findings were as follows: 1. group trains muscle skill ties big, group coconut shell name treats, that design go up effective E1/E2 70.27/70.91 2. Ability of muscle ties big for person with physical impairment or movement health problem by coconut shell treats 3-10 years after, have train stand, walk, stand on tiptoe foot had Ability of muscle ties big higher had different by statistical significant .05 3. Affect satisfaction of parent and participant relates Developing Ability of muscle ties big for person with physical impairment or movement health problem by coconut shell treats valuable share between 3.84 - 4.11 stay in most levels. Average most is the safety of coconut shell group treats and time devoting of parent next participating participatory of parent in the helping develops the muscle ties big.Item The Development of Systematic Services for Ratchasuda College's Disability Support Services (DSS)(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2010-01-19) Orn-Anong Songcharoen; Tidarat NongthongThis study aims to develop Disability Support Services : DSS of Ratchasuda College in order to have a distinct and systematic system, probably used as an example for other universities in setting up their DSS. The study is undertaken by virtue of documentary research and oversea field visits to establish possible DSS. Then, the proposed DSS was tried out with students with disabilities of Ratchasuda College in the first and second semesters in academic year 2005 and its effectiveness was measured. The findings are that the initiated DSS consists of missions of service provisions of DSS. DSS committee the central unit and focal point with clear responsibilities and structures, as well as coordinators from various sectors and the required services of students with disabilities. For the services procedure. It is also found that the students are satisfied with the service provisions and outstanding performance of the staffs in rendering services.Item A Development of the Model of Web-Based Instruction Lesson on Natural Science on the topic, “Solar and Lunar Eclipse” for the Deaf(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-02-08) Benjaporn Saksiri; Paruhat SuphajanyaThe purpose of this study was to design and develop a web based natural science instruction which deaf learners can access the scientific knowledge. Research and development process started with perceptive analysis, identified learning objectives and design an interactive structure of a lesson. Then the researchers designed and developed the media animation with Macromedia Flash including Adobe Photoshop decorative image, text and buttons. Test and evaluation form implemented with PHP program. Using Macromedia Dreamweaver to develop web-base content with sign language video clip. After the completion of the revisions, the program was field tested with the sample of deaf learners in internet skills. Analysis of data collection and comments to improve accessible instruction. Future research should investigate the development of instruction efficiency. The results of the study were that the multimedia computer web based instruction on Solar Eclipse and Lunar Eclipse was developed. It was found that on average, those participants were highly satisfied when studying the lesson on the web.Item Disability Situation among Thai School-age(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-02-05) Pimpa KachondhamThe aim of this study was to delineate the disability situation among Thai children aged 5 – 14 years by using secondary data from The 2002 Disability Survey conducted by the National Statistical Office of Thailand. Children with disability was defined as those who reported having difficulty in performing major activity considered normal for this age group, schooling, because of chronic condition or impairment which has lasted for 6 months or over. The result revealed that 4.4 percent of children in this age group have difficulty in schooling. Boys had more difficulty than girls (4.7% compared to 4.0%). The majority of children with disability have only one type of disability. Intellectual disability was the most prevalence among school- age children followed by communication disability (1.37% and 1.32% respectively). Prevalence of disability in this study was higher than other studied due to difference in concept used to define population with disability. The limitation of this study was attributed to unavailable of data concerning other kinds of problem and severity of the difficulty.Item Disability Support Services of Three Post-Secondary Educational Institutions in the United States(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2010-01-12) Pornpun SomboonThe author describes support services for students with disabilities in three post-secondary educational institutions in the USA; the University of Minnesota, the Minneapolis Community and Technical College and the University of Northern Colorado. Each institutions has different support service system in its organization structure, missions of disability support units, service processes, roles and responsibilities of relevant persons, standard service and indicators. The author has made some notices derived from the visiting study that can be applied for supporting services for students with disabilities in Thailand.Item Effectiveness of using touch typing Software for The Visually Impaired(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-02-09) Pakteema TeangtrongThis research was quasi experimental research with a control group using a posttest-onlycontrol group design. The purpose was to compare the touch typing skills in the Thai language of blind students before and after training using Typing Training Software for the Blind compared with using a regular method of practicing on Microsoft Word with a Screen Reader. The satisfaction level of blind students using the Typing Training Software for the Blind was also collected. The sample consisted of 30 blind students at the Bangkok School for the Blind, from grades 6 to 9. Data were collected during the first semester of the 2009 academic year. The sample was divided into 2 groups: a control group of 15 students and an experimental group of 15 students. Random assignment was used to select the sample and matched cases to controls by the level of visual impairment. Statistics used in this research were frequency, percentage, average, standardized variables and the independent sample t-test. The results show that the touch typing skill of blind students in the Thai language in both groups improved significantly at p \< 0.05. Blind students who used the Typing Training Software for the Blind acquired a higher level of touch typing skill than the students who practiced with the regular method. Also, the overall satisfaction level of the experimental group that used the Typing Training Software for the Blind was at a high level with an average value of 4.21. The recommendation of this study is for blind students to use the special Typing Training Software for the Blind in order to most efficiently improve their Thai language touch typing skill.Item The Effects of Group Work on Low Self-concept Amputee Workers at Industrial Rehabilitation Centre: Pathumtani Province(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-02-08) Darika Saingam; Piyarat Nuchpongsai-Item Embarking upon the reformation of mainstream education for children with moderate cognitive disabilities in Thailand: A qualitative analysis from the key stakeholders(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-02-09) Pareyaasiri ManasonThe purpose of this case study was to explore educational policy and practices for educating students with moderate cognitive disabilities in segregated and inclusive schools in Thailand. This study utilized constructivist research methodology to examine the perspectives of parents, teachers, and school administrators who are involved in educating these children at two schools in Bangkok, Thailand. The schools in this research were selected because they represent two completely different models of a segregated school and a pilot inclusive school for students with moderate cognitive disabilities. Qualitative methods of data collection and a constant comparative method of data analysis were used. The researcher conducted open-ended interviews with teachers, administrators, and parents whose children attended each school. The interview questions were designed to provide insight into what the parents, teachers, and administrators perceived about the common practices used in the schools. In addition, field notes and observation notes from interviews and parent-teacher meetings were collected and analyzed regarding similarities and differences in methods of teaching. The researcher targeted a total of eight teachers and six administrators to participate in the interviews. Additionally, ten parents of children with moderate cognitive disabilities who were attending the schools were also interviewed. The data provided the researcher with a reasonably good understanding of the attitudes, feedback, and activities of stakeholders from two different educational perspectives for educating students with moderate cognitive disabilities. The Thai government has established national policy for inclusive education as a mainstream education model for Thailand. It was found that teachers and school administrators however hold very diverse beliefs and practices about methods of educating students with moderate cognitive disabilities. The findings of this study can provide valuable information for policy makers in Thailand and for leaders and researchers in special education. The findings of this research suggest needed adjustments to policies and related practices, suggestions for special education teacher preparation programs, and ideas for the design of an appropriate special education system that leads to better educational opportunities for students with moderate cognitive disabilities in Thailand.Item The Evaluation of the Rehabilitation Fund’s Loan Service(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-02-05) Kamonpan panpungThe study of the Rehabilitation Fund’s loan service reflects the way of life among people with disabilities and the relationships between the disabled and people around them. The impact of the service not only brings about welfare for disabled individuals, but also the welfare of others in their communities: families/relatives, community-based development groups and their communities in general. The service is considered to reach the disabled who face the most hardships in society. These people are normally denied other kinds of loan service because of their supposedly low credibility which derives from low social status and small social network. The Rehabilitation Fund’s success depends on the support from stakeholders. Government service agencies play a significant role in improving the application of the Fund in response to the need of the disabled. Finally, people with disabilities can help improve the quality of service by participating in the whole process.Item Factors Associated with The Utilization of Assistive Technology by Patients Discharged from Tertiary Rehabilitation Settings(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2010-07-29) Nadda Re-shevaThe purposes of this study were - to explore situations in patients with physical disabilities who received Assistive Technology; the utilization of this technology; and factors associated with the utilization. The study was conducted by interviewing a group of 115 patients with physical disabilities who were involved in the rehabilitation process at Ramathibodee Hospital and Sirindhorn National Medical Rehabilitation Center. Data were collected from July to September, 2007 by systematic sampling and by interviewing. Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, median, quartile deviation and chi-square test.The results indicated that patients with physical disabilities received 1-2 devices. Wheelchairs, canes, lower limp prostheses and walkers were often received. Lower limp prostheses and canes were used the most, whereas walkers and wheelchairs were rarely used. A lack of need, dissatisfaction and environmental barriers were reasons for non-use. Activity of Daily Living aids, transfer aids, transport aids, recreation aids, seating and positioning aids and home modification were increasingly required, including repairing and maintenance services. Factors associated with wheelchair use or non-use were age, satisfaction, training, ease of use, feeling while being use, aesthetics, size and weight. For cane users only gender was an associated factor. Suggestions concerning the gender, age, satisfaction, training, ease of use, feeling while use, aesthetics, size and weight, should be considered in assistive technology services.Item The Follow-up and Evaluation of The First - Deaf - Study - Graduates in 2003 Academic year Ratchasuda College, Mahidol University(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-02-07) Siriwan Wittayawet; Janjira TedtimThe purpose of this research is to follow-up the deaf students graduated from Ratchasuda College, Mahidol University about the ability to work adjustment, the job satisfaction, employers and family member satisfaction, their problems and needs. The population consists of 82 graduated students in 2003 academic year, 320 employers and 82 family members. Three questionnaires were distributed; one to graduates by hand in the follow-up seminar, the other to employers and family members by mail. The findings showed that graduates are employed 92.7%, working in organizations 85.5% and worked for their own business 14.5%. The positions are teacher, teacher assistant, clerk, officer, sign language interpreter etc. Most graduates could adjust themselves to their work environment quite well (2.40). The most graduates were satisfied their job moderately (2.21). The employers and family members were highly satisfied with the graduates’ capability (3.86 and 2.60). The graduates’ problems were lacking of knowledge, experience in controlling kindergarten’s class and in setting student individual plan, and also not knowing how to correct the students’ improper behavior. Most of them were insufficient in writing and reading skill. They need some more academic and on the job training courses from Ratchasuda College in order to make them accomplish their job.Item How are handshapes related to alphabet letters in Thai Fingerspelling?(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2011-02-09) Apiluck Tumtavitikul\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ In a sign language where visual-manual mode is used for communication, the handshapes or\ signs, are mostly iconic.\ The resemblance between a\ handshape and that which it represents is usually obvious.\ However, in Thai fingerspelling, the handshapes for the Thai letters are non-iconic.\ Resemblances between handshapes and orthographic symbols cannot be visualized.\ Moreover, the system groups the letters into many subgroups, each with the same handshape as a basic component of a compound sign.\ For example, ก, ข, ค, ฆ are grouped together and so are ส, ศ, ษ, ซ. Letters in each subgroup are not related graphically except for very few pairs, e.g., น ณ, ผ พ, ฝ ฟ.\ Without resorting to phonetics, the correlation between fingerspelling and the Thai alphabet seems arbitrary.\ This paper studies the correlation between handshapes in fingerspelling and letters in Thai orthography via phonetics. \ The result sheds light on the construct of Thai fingerspelling.Item Intelligent Model for System Access Control by Human Face Verification(Journal of Ratchasuda College for Research and Development of Persons with Disabilities, 2010-01-12) Suchitra Adulkasem; Jitdumrong PreechasukThis research presents an intelligent model for system access control by human face verification which applies the biometric technology to inspect the system access by verifying human face. This research consists of 2 parts; face detection, which uses the skin color model to detect the skin color and face recognition, which recognizes important face features. Furthermore, this prototype can also manage the personal information database and the rights to access the system. According to the experiment, the accuracy of the system access control is 84.38%