Global Journal For Research Analysis
Permanent URI for this collection
https://www.worldwidejournals.com/global-journal-for-research-analysis-GJRA/
Browse
Browsing Global Journal For Research Analysis by Issue Date
Now showing 1 - 20 of 610
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Positive Attitudinal Trends Towards Mental Illness: Changing Scenario(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Ampalam, Prasanth; Padma, V.; Pratheek P, Vijay Raj; Bukya, KalyaniMental disorders are neglected and disrespected because of community’s perception and social stigma, in turn causing increased burden to the society. There has been increase in the mental health awareness and community participation in the recent years. This compelled us to check the changing trends in attitudes in the present scenario compared to past. The current study has been done on a total of 600 subjects (1998 and 2016) and Attitude towards Mental Illness – Rating Scale (ATMI-RS) was used. Data were compared using appropriate statistics. All the groups were found to have more positive attitudes in the present compared to the past. The groups exposed to mental illness have better attitudes then unexposed in both the present and past. However, still neutral and negative attitudes are found among common population. It necessitates having more mental health campaigning and promoting awareness to destigmatize the notions regarding mental illnessItem To Evaluate The Results Of Complete Exenteration Of Mastoid Air Cell Tracts Underlying Cholesteatoma With Canal Wall Down Mastoidectomy(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Sharma, Naveen; Kakkar, VikasChronic Suppurative Otitis Media(CSOM) is long standing infection of mucoperiosteal lining of middle ear cleft. CSOM is classified into Tubotympanic or Safe and Atticoantral or Unsafe type. Atticoantral type involves the pars flaccida and is characterized by formation of a retraction pocket in which keratin accumulates to produce cholesteatoma. Mainstay of the management of atticoantral disease is surgery of mastoid and middle ear. Majority of otolaryngologists find the Canal wall down , open cavity operation with wide access to be the safest and simplest means of managing middle ear cholesteatoma. In present study , results of complete exenteration of mastoid air cell tracts underlying cholesteatoma with canal wall down mastoidectomy are studied.Item Trend Analysis Of Leprosy Cases At A Primary Health Centre In Thane District Of Maharashtra(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Gokhale, Chinmay N; Borgaonkar, Chaitali A; Solanki, Mridula J; Shanbhag, Sunita SIntroduction: India reports more than 60% of leprosy cases. The state of Maharashtra reported more than 15000 new cases in the year 2015-16. These figures show that we are miles away from the ultimate goal of leprosy eradication. This study was planned to analyse trends of Leprosy in a PHC located in Thane district of Maharashtra. Objectives: 1) To analyze the trends of leprosy cases in study area. 2) To give recommendations on the basis of study data. Results: The number of new cases reported fluctuates over the five year period. But the %MB cases have remained high and fairly constant which are comparable to national and state average. The % of children among Leprosy patients is on a rise with every 3rd patient being a child in last year of this Trend Analysis. The Prevalence Rate was 3.6/10000 in 2012 which went up in subsequent year and settled down at 4.4 for years 2015 and 2016. The ANCDR on other hand also went up in 2013 and has shown a gradual decline between years 2014 – 2016. Conclusion: This 5 year short term study shows that though it was difficult to absolutely conclude a rising or a decreasing trend, however, the Prevalence rate of leprosy cases in study area remained constant and the ANCDR showed a decline over most of study period.Item Bilateral Persistent Sciatic Arteries (PSA) And Varicose Veins: Mri Demonstration Of An Unusual Association(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Chillalshetti, Uma; Kalmath, Veena; Jakhere, Sandeep; Barai, PankajPersistent sciatic artery (PSA) is an extremely rare anatomical variant of lower limb arterial supply with an incidence of 0.025-0.6 % as estimated on angiographic studies. This vessel is prone for atherosclerosis, aneurysm formation and rupture, sciatic neuropathy, and ischemia of the lower extremities. It is important to diagnose this condition pre operatively especially in renal transplant surgery and in surgeries around the hip joint as trauma to this anomalous vessel can have disastrous consequences. It is associated with other congenital anomalies including Mullerian and left renal agenesis, A-V fistula formation, hypertrophy or hypotrophy, multiple hemangiomata, neurofiomatosis, or anomalies of leg arteries. Association of this anatomical variant with varicose veins is very rare and rarely discussed in literature. We report the youngest patient till date with this unusual association demonstrated on MRI.Item Study Of Haematological And Coagulation Profile In Patients With Gastrointestinal Malignancies(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Saikia, Bhubaneswar; Khandelia, RosyBackground: Gastrointestinal (GI) Malignancy is one of the commonest malignancies encountered in developing countries. The goal of this study was to analyze the haematological and coagulation profile- Complete Blood Count (CBC), Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) among patients of gastrointestinal malignancies. Materials and Methods: Fresh blood samples were collected from the diagnosed patients with appropriate anticoagulant in proper proportion. Complete blood count was done by automated analyzer. Peripheral blood smear was seen in cases with abnormal results on CBC. Peripheral smears were stained with Leishman’s stain using standard procedures and then examined under light microscope. Results: A total of 30 patients with gastrointestinal malignancy were included in this study. There were 19 males and 11 females. Among all cases of gastrointestinal malignancy, stomach cancers constitute the maximum (50%) followed by rectal cancers accounting for 23.3%. GI malignancy had negative impact on haemoglobin profile, affecting 56.6% of cases. In peripheral smear study, microcytic hypochromic anaemia was most common comprising 63.3% of cases. Regarding leukocyte count, 16(53.3%) cases had leukocytosis,07 have normal leukocyte count,7 had leukopenia. Out of 30 cases, 56.6% had normal thrombocyte count, 30% had thrombocytopenia and 13.3% had thrombocytosis. Out of 30 cases, 60% cases had the normal prothrombin time and 40% cases had values higher than the reference value. Regarding activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), 63.3% cases had normal reports and 36.6% cases had values higher than the reference value. Conclusion: Reduced haemoglobin, increase in neutrophil count, change in coagulation profile are associated with poor prognosis in patients with GI malignancy. Hence close monitoring of haematological and coagulation profile in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy will help in reducing morbidity and mortality.Item Leucorrhoea: Not An Innocuous Symptom.(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Gupta, Arushi; Parate, Sanjay N.Background: Leucorrhea is a major problem in gynecological practice. It can be "physiological" or "pathological." Common pathological causes are infections, cervicitis, atrophy, malignant and premalignant lesions of cervix. Aims: To study the cervical cytology in women with leucorrhoea, to find any relation with age and parity, and evaluate the role of cytology in detecting lesions of cervix. Methods and Material: Observational cross-sectional study. Total 2176 women with leucorrhoea were studied. Cervical scrape smears were taken with Ayre's spatula. Statistical analysis was done wherever applicable. Result/Conclusions: Most common finding in cervical smears in leucorrhoea is Reactive Cellular Changes followed by "Organisms", Candida being the most common. Prevalence of "Epithelial cell abnormality" and squamous cell carcinoma increases with increasing age and parity, whereas prevalence of NILM is associated with younger age and lower parity. Epithelial Cell Abnormalities can also manifest as leucorrhoea. Therefore, regular screening of women with leucorrhoea is must.Item Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics(Paoo): A Novel Rapid Approach(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Tiwari, IlaWilckodontics, also known as Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (PAOO) is a relatively new treatment in the dental realm. It is a clinical procedure that combines selective alveolar corticotomy, particulate bone grafting and the application of orthodontic forces. Basically it is a combination of selective decortication facilitated orthodontic technique and alveolar augmentation. This procedure is theoretically based on the bone healing pattern known as the regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP).2 Regional acceleratory phenomenon was developed by Frost and Jee in 19833,4. The decortication of bone results in an increased turnover of alveolar spongiosa with areas of alveolar demineralization. This results in osteopenia, where its mineral content temporarily decreased which enables teeth to be moved more rapidly and further through the collagenous soft tissue matrix of the bone . Following the completion of orthodontic treatment, remineralization takes place resulting in greater stability in the orthodontic treatment outcome. Dr. Thomas Wilcko (Periodontist) and William Wilcko (Orthodontist), of Erie, PA in 1995 further modified the corticotomy assisted orthodontic technique with the addition of alveolar augmentation and named the procedure as Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (PAOO) later patented as "Wilckodontics" based on the emerging concepts of Wilcko others. This procedure has been shown to be particularly effective in treating moderate to severe crowding, in Class II malocclusions requiring expansion or extractions, and mild Class III malocclusions. As long as healthy periodontium is present, PAOO can be done at any age (from 11 years to 77 years of age)Item Spontaneous Idiopathic Perforation Of Gall Bladder In Neonates(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Naik, Ajay M.; Makan, Apoorva P.This is a case series of 3 neonates with features of acute abdomen. The first neonate presented on day 6 of life with convulsions and fever. He developed abdominal distension and had bilious vomiting by day 11 of life. After clinical and radiological diagnosis of intestinal obstruction and failure to resolve with conservative management, laparotomy was done which revealed multiple inter bowel loop adhesions and an omental band adherent to distal ileum. On exploration, a localised abscess was seen around the gall bladder , a 0.5cm diameter perforation in the gall bladder. Exploratory laparotomy with cholecystectomy was done. The other two neonates presented with similar features and exploratory laparotomy with cholecystectomy was done. Perforation of the gall bladder is a rare cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction. The management is surgical and cholecystectomy or sewing the perforation should depend on the size of the perforation and the extent of peritonitisItem Effectiveness Of Nursing Care Protocol On Knowledge And Practice Among Staff Nurses Regarding Management Of Patients Undergoing Coronary Angioplasty(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) L, Shini S; Paul, Laly; V, Smitha PThe present study investigated the effectiveness of nursing care protocol on knowledge and practice regarding management of patients undergoing coronary angioplasty among staff nurses working at Govt. Medical College Hospital, Kottayam. A quasi experimental one group pre test post test design was used. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of nursing care protocol on knowledge and practice of staff nurses regarding the management of patients undergoing coronary angioplasty. Thirty staff nurses working in the cardiology department were selected using simple random sampling. The data collection instruments included socio personal data sheet, structured questionnaire to assess knowledge and observation checklist to assess practice. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that the protocol was effective in improving knowledge (p<0.001) and practice (p<0.001).Item Interaction Between Hypothyroidism And Chronic Kidney Disease - A Review(World Wide Journals, 2018-01) Singh, Sonia; Suman, RajThyroid hormones affect renal development and physiology. Thyroid hormones have pre-renal and intrinsic renal effects by which they increase renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. Hypothyroidism is associated with decreased GFR as well as increased renin angiotensin aldosterone activation. Chronic kidney disease is characterized by low T3 syndrome which is now considered a part of an atypical non-thyroidal illness. CKD patients have raised incidence of primary hypothyroidism and sub-clinical hypothyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction is also associated with glomerulonephritis by a common autoimmune etiology. There are few interactions between thyroid and renal malignancies. A detailed knowledge of these interactions is important for both the nephrologists and endocrinologists for optimal diagnosis and management of the patient.Item Career Profile Of Community Medicine Alumni Of A Premier Teaching College Of Mumbai(World Wide Journals, 2018-02) Shinde, Ratnendra R; Dandekar, Chandrika N; Gokhale, Chinmay NIntroduction: Diverse Factors influence medical student’s choice of eventual careers. Community Medicine is one of the specialities taken up at various hospitals by a number of doctors. This study was planned to review the career opportunities taken by doctors who passed MD Community Medicine or Diploma in Public Health from a premier teaching college located in Mumbai, Maharashtra. Results: 163 students were enrolled since 2009 off which 53 were currently pursuing either MD/DPH course. Data was collected for this study in the months of September 2017 to November 2017. The career profile were grouped as Academics in MCGM, Academics in State government colleges, Public health in MCGM, state, centre, etc. Most pursued current careers were Speciality Medical Officer (bond post) in MCGM colleges (16), Academic positions in State government colleges (16), public health positions in Maharashtra state government (13) and public health in MCGM (11). Very few candidates were currently working in international or national institutions. Conclusion: This study shows that Academics and Public Health still are the major career prospects for doctors who have done MD/DPH. It could be seen that very few opted for other career options like Preventive Oncology, Health Management or Research institutes. This study recommends better maintenance of records of alumni for future contacts and career counselling for post graduate students.Item Comparison of intranasal midazolam with intravenous diazepam for treating acute seizures in children: A prospective randomized study(World Wide Journals, 2018-02) Singh, Neeraj; Chhatwal, JObjective: To study and compare the efficacy and safety of intranasal midazolam and intravenous diazepam for treatment of children with acute seizures. Subjects: Children beyond neonatal period hospitalized with acute seizures. A total of hundred seizure episodes, 50 in either midazolam or diazepam group. Interventions: Intranasal midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) and intravenous diazepam (0.3 mg/kg). Results: In the midazolam group, the treatment was initiated within 30s in 78% of the patients as compared to 24% in the diazepam group. There was a significant difference between mean time taken from contact with physician to drug administration between the midazolam (29.02 ± 32.64s) and diazepam group (51.92 ± 33.61s) [p < 0.01]. The mean time of contact with physician to cessation of seizure was almost comparable between the two groups (93.07 ± 74.23s Vs 95.74 ± 79.79s). No significant adverse events were noted in either group. Conclusions: Treatment could be initiated quickly with intranasal midazolam and was efficacious for seizure control. As it is easy to administer, it can be safely recommended for use in domiciliary and home settings for control of acute seizures in children.Item A comparative study of Ziehl Neelsen, Gabbet‘s and Fluorescent staining methods to detect acid fast bacilli in sputum samples(World Wide Journals, 2018-02) Sharon, Priya P. J; Kuruvilla, Thomas. S.Tuberculosis remains world's leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is the most common presentation of tuberculosis. Here we compare Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN), Gabbet's and Fluorescent staining (FS) methods to determine efficiency and cost effectiveness of diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum samples. Three smears from 148 sputum samples of PTB cases were prepared and stained by the above methods. Of the samples examined, 71.6% and 53.4% and 85.8% cases were detected by Ziehl-Neelsen, Gabbet's and Fluorescence staining respectively. Fluorescent staining was found to be more reliable and cost effective method particularly when dealing with large sample loads than Ziehl-Neelsen and Gabbet's staining technique.Item Liquid Fire In The Stomach A Minimally Invasive Approach(World Wide Journals, 2018-02) Balaji. P; Rajkumar Rathinasamy; Selvakumar. SCorrosive injuries are common in developing countries. Acid ingestion is more common in developing countries when compared to alkali ingestion in developed countries. Ingestion may be accidental or suicidal. The nature of the corrosive ingested determines the extent of injury caused. Acidic injury commonly affects stomach than alkalis and it ranges from acute to chronic gastric injuries. In this article we discuss about the management of corrosive stricture of pylorus of stomach which was dealt by laparoscopy.Item Understanding causes of Sub-acute cough in community - A clinico-pathological research(World Wide Journals, 2018-02) Kumar, Rajamani SanthoshCough is one of the most common complaints of patients seeking medical attention. A number of patients attend our OPD for complaint of Sub acute cough lasting 3-8 weeks. Majority of such cough are due to Ear, Nose and Throat pathologies. This study aims to evaluate the Otorhinolaryngology causes of Cough in these patients. Inflammation of Sinuses (Acute/Sub-acute) and Gastro-oesophageal reflux disorder (Reflux) form a bulk of cases presenting with Sub-acute cough in community. Clinicians need to maintain a high degree of suspicion for these two most common entities in cough patients not responding to conventional line of management.Item Functional Outcome in Fractures of the Lower End Radius in Elderly Patients Treated by Static External Fixator(World Wide Journals, 2018-02) Garg, Uttam Kumar; Sharma, V. P.Background: Fractures of the distal end radius represent the most common upper extremity fracture in elderly. The treatment problem includes not only achieving union in right anatomical position but also good functional results as far as joint mobility is concerned. Many types of external fixation devices are described to achieve reduction and fixation of the fragments without loss of position and acceptable functional results. The ligamentotaxis is the basic principle used by external fixation. The aim of the study was to assess the functional outcome in fractures of the lower end radius in elderly patients treated by static external fixator (Modified JESS). Materials and Methods: A total of 52 wrists in 51 patients (24 males and 27 females), aged more than 50 years with intra-articular distal end radius fracture were treated with Modified Joshi’s External Stabilization System from 2003 to 2016. The patients were followed up at 2 weeks, 3 weeks, between 6 and 8 weeks, 6 months, 1 year and at 2 years after the surgery. The assessment of pain, range of motion, grip strength and activity were assessed at 6th month, one year and two years follow- up and scored according to Green and O’Brien scoring system. Results: Result was excellent in 42 (80.76%), good in 6 (11.54%) and poor in 4 (7.69%) at 2 years post operatively. Conclusion: Ligamentotaxis using external fixator has been the traditional mode of treating unstable distal radius fractures and is still used by many as the preferred technique due to its acceptable results, easy application and cost-effective.Item Obesity And Its Prevalence Among School Going Adolescents(World Wide Journals, 2018-02) Savale, Pradeep; Kurre, BhaskarBackground: The obesity is defined as a non communicable medical condition of abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue, creating an enormous socioeconomic and public health burden. Nutritional status of the Indian population varies significantly across the region. Certain regions are associated with extremely high rates of childhood under nutrition, where as others have a high prevalence of childhood over nutrition. Evaluation of obesity in children is important as it provides an opportunity to identify the problem and prevent disease progression into adulthood. Childhood obesity is associated with several risk factors for later heart disease and chronic diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus etc. The present study is conducted to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school going adolescent children. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study is carried out in Madre and Sindkhed area near Solapur among school children’s between 10-16 years age group, during the period of June 2017. List of children is prepared according to their age and sex from the selected schools. From this list, total 647 children were selected for study by systematic random sampling method. Anthropometric data (BMI) was analyzed using CDC growth charts. Data was analyzed using SPSS, BMI (CDC) calculator, CI calculator and OR calculator Results: Overall Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 4.45% and 1.27% respectively. Which is more significant in the age group if 13- 16 years (4.9% & 1.4%), and with individuals who were good with socioeconomically status (16.51% & 5.50). In both gender the prevalence of overweight and obesity was more or less same, but girls tend to be slightly overweight & obese than boys (I.e. 1.01% & 0.93%). Conclusion: The study revealed that obesity is an important public health issue not only in the adults but also most prevailed disease among children’s of rural habitat. Factors such as, food habits (preference to non-vegetarian / fried food, aerated drinks), lifestyle and a family history of Type-2 diabetes mellitus are significantly associated with the development of obesityItem Thyroid dysfunction in patients with menstrual disorders A study in Eastern Odisha(World Wide Journals, 2018-02) Avasthi, Sarika; Das, AsimaThyroid disorders are the common worldwide problem. this study was done to evaluate the thyroid function in patients presenting with varying menstrual disorder in reproductive age group from 15 to 45 year of age.Method: This study was carried out in obstetrics and gynaecology department of Pradyumna Bal Memorial Hospital, KIMS Bhubaneswar Orissa on 200 women who were clinically given the provisional diagnosis of menstrual disorder .Thyroid function test were done in all patients.Results:Among200women104(52%)womenwereeuthyroid,80womenwerehypothyroidoutofwhich44weresubclinical hypothyroidism(22%),overt hypothyroidism 36(18%). Hyperthyroidism was seen in 16 (8%) patients out of which subclinical in 4(2%) patients, overt in 12(6%) patients.Conclusion : This study finds Thyroid dysfunction especially subclinical hypothyroidism to be common among women with menstrual disorder.Item Use Of Bipolar Cauterization In Circumcision(World Wide Journals, 2018-02) Mujawar, Parvez; Mishra, Agraj; Rayee, Tabish; Patel, NiravMale circumcision is done very frequently in all Pediatric surgery set up. Though several open and device based techniques of circumcision have been described in literature but no single procedure is taken as gold standard in terms of prevention of complications. In India, generally population are from tribal regions and due to non availability of resources dorsal slit technique is preferred and accepted but had complications like injury to urethra/glans, skin laceration, bleeding and infection. Bipolar cauterization holds its merits and demerits. In our experience the use of bipolar technique is safe, mostly complication free and gives good cosmetic outcome.Item Prevalence of Smart Phone Addiction in Medical Undergraduates - A Cross - Sectional Study.(World Wide Journals, 2018-02) Gogi, Prabhukiran Vishwanath; Reddy, Anusha V; Rayala, Somasundara Babu SuryaprakashAim To estimate the prevalence of potential excessive smart phone use in medical undergraduates and the demographic parameters associated with smart phone addiction in male and female students. Materials and methods A cross sectional study using smart phone addiction scale short version (SAS-SV), 150 medical undergraduates aged 18 to 25 years were assessed. Results There is a significant association between males (50%) , management fee /C category students (35.29%) and excessive smart phone use with p < 0.0482 and <0.010 respectively. Smart phone was most commonly used for messenger application ( whatsapp, fb messenger, google hangouts, etc) followed by video streaming websites (youtube). Conclusion Smartphones can be appreciated by the advantages offered however adolescents need to be cautious about its addictive potential that will adversely affects the mental health