Beyond Immunuhistochemistry: Molecular Insights Into Round Cell Soft Tissue Tumors
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Date
2024-12
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Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences
Abstract
Round cell so? ?ssue tumors (RCSTTs) are a diverse group of aggressive malignancies that share overlapping clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical features, posing significant diagnos?c challenges. Recent advances in molec- ular pathology have revolu?onized the understanding and classifica?on of these tumors by iden?fying tumor-specific gene?c altera?ons. This review highlights the role of molec- ular insights in complemen?ng histopathology and immuno- histochemistry to achieve precise diagnosis, risk stra?fica- ?on, and therapeu?c decision-making. Key subtypes, includ- ing Ewing sarcoma, CIC- and BCOR-rearranged sarcomas, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, desmoplas?c small round cell tumor, and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, are dis- cussed with emphasis on their molecular signatures and clin- ical significance. The advent of techniques such as fluo- rescence in situ hybridiza?on (FISH), reverse transcriptase- polymerase chain reac?on (RT-PCR), and next-genera?on sequencing (NGS) has enabled detec?on of gene?c fusions and aberra?ons cri?cal for tumor iden?fica?on and targeted therapies. Integra?on of molecular pathology with tradi- ?onal diagnos?c approaches is essen?al for improving diag- nos?c accuracy, prognos?ca?on, and therapeu?c strategies, paving the way for personalized medicine in the manage- ment of RCSTTs. Full form of ABBREVIATIONS are provided at the end.
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Keywords
Chromosomal Aberra?ons, Molecular Pathol-ogy, Round Cell Tumors, Therapeu?c Targets
Citation
Madoori PK, Tejavat S.. Beyond Immunuhistochemistry: Molecular Insights Into Round Cell Soft Tissue Tumors . Perspectives in Medical Research. 2024 Dec; 12(12): 4-11