International Journal of Physiotherapy
Permanent URI for this collection
Editor-in-Chief: Dr Srinivas Mondam
ISSN (P) 2349-5987 (O) 2348-8336
Frequency: Once in two months
Language: English
Open Access Peer-reviewed journal
Web site: https://www.ijphy.org/about-ijphy.php
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Preliminary Study About The Application Of Gravicorder For Weight-Shifting and-Bearing Exercise As a New Educational Device of Physiotherapists(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-06) Daikuya, Shinichi; Matsuoka, Masakazu; Okayama, YumiBackground: To establish an objective evaluation of basic physiotherapy technique, we recorded a mechanical aspect during a lateral weight-shifting (WS) using gravicorder.Methods: Subjects were 18 physiotherapists divided into three groups based on experience year. Our originally developed software converted center of gravity data during WS to 3-dimensional mechanical value. Results: All direction data showed significantly lower in the long experience year group (p<0.05). The coefficient of variation was high vertical for all three groups. Conclusion: In the group with more years of experience, it was confirmed that it was compactly implemented. In the vertical direction, it is thought to be implemented by empirical rules because there is no constant normal pattern or common recognition among physiotherapistsItem Correlation of Self-Reported and Performance-Based Measures In Patients With Non-Traumatic Stiff Shoulder Pathologies: An Observational Study(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-06) Aggarwal, Anita; Rathi, Manisha; Kapre, Tanmaya; Palekar, J Tushar; Tuscano, Annette; Tambe, Radhika; Gazbar, PreetiBackground: Self-reported measures represent patients' perspectives toward their disease, but their performance levels may vary. Performance-based measures mimic the patient's functional activity movement, which helps evaluate specific task components, including how the therapist approached the task. Both measures report the patient's functional level from the patient's or therapist's perspective. The study was done to determine the correlation between self-reported and performance-based measures outcomes in non-traumatic stiff shoulder pathologies.Method: Self-reported outcome measure scores were recorded using the Shoulder Pain And Disability Index (SPADI), Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), and Patient Specific Functional Scale (PSFS). Performance-based measures scores of the shoulder were given using function-related tests of the shoulder: 1) Hand to the neck, 2) Hand to scapula 3) Hand to the opposite scapula. Result: Inferential statistics were done using the Pearson correlation test, and the significance level was set at p<0.05. Pearson correlation test showed: 1) Weak statistically significant correlation between SPADI versus function-related test 1(r= 0.32), DASH versus Function-related test 1(r= 0.31), and function-related test 2(r= 0.31) and PSFS versus function-related test 1(r= 0.36). 2) Other correlations were Very Weak and non-significant. Conclusion: As the correlation between all three self-reported measures and each of the three function-related tests has become weak, there is a need to include both self-reported and performance-based measures in assessing patients with non-traumatic stiff shoulder pathologies.Item Incidence of Lower Limb Lymphedema in Post therapeutic Gynaecological Malignancies(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-06) Sakkuru, Raghava Krishna; Hulikal, Narendra; Venkata, Subramanian, Bala; Konetigari, MadhaviIntroduction: Lower limb lymphedema (LLL) is one of the most disabling side effects of surgical and radiotherapy treatment for gynecological cancers (carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the ovary, carcinoma of the endometrium, and carcinoma of the vulva). The incidence of lymphedema varies in gynecological cancers and patients undergoing radiotherapy and surgery. This prospective study aims to determine the incidence of lower limb lymphedema after surgery and radiotherapy in gynecological malignancies.Methodology: A total of 512 subjects who undergo treatment for gynecological malignancies in the department of surgical oncology and / or radiotherapy were screened to find out the incidence of lymphedema by measuring limb circumference with inch tape and extracellular fluid (ECF) volume with bio-impedance analyzer at four intervals, before surgery/ radiotherapy, after surgery/radiotherapy, three months follow-up and six months follow-up. The limb circumference and ECF were used to find out the lymphedema.Results: Turkey's pairwise comparison test was carried out to determine the incidence of lymphedema in both subjects (radiotherapy & surgery). The percentage of incidence of lymphedema in subjects who have undergone radiotherapy and surgical treatment with gynecological malignancies is 18.94% overall.Conclusion: Many subjects developed lymphedema with post-treatment gynecological malignancies. It causes significant functional problems, emotional disturbances, adversely affecting the quality of life, and it also causes a financial burden to the family. Lymphedema can be diagnosed initially using a Bio-impedance analyzer and inch tape to minimize the complications and progression of the disease.Item Examination of The Applicability and Intensity of Nintendo Wiitm Exergaming For Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Preliminary Study(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-06) Shaheen, Afaf A M; Masoud, Afnan E; Alaggabani, Maha F.Aims: Exploring the applicability and intensity of exergaming for children with cancer is essential. This study aimed to examine the applicability of Nintendo WiiTM exergames and determine the intensity of Physical Activity (PA) provided by these exergames for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Methods: In this preliminary study, 31 children aged 6-14 years of both sexes were asked to play Wii exergames for a 60-minute research session. Using the Arabic video game applicability questionnaire, the children were instructed to score seven statements regarding usability, engagement, and enjoyment of exergames. In addition, heart rate (HR), predicted heart rate maximum (pred. HRmax), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured at baseline and every 15 min during the session. Results: About 74.2%, 83.9%, and 93.6% of the children agreed that the games were usable, engaging, and enjoyable, respectively. Exergames were of moderate intensity as the children reached 59.22±8.40 % of age-predicted HRmax: the HR and its percentage of increase from the pred. HRmax (% pred. HRmax) was significantly higher in girls than in boys (P=0.01). The level of perceived exertion was moderate (5.74± 0.63). Conclusion: Implementation of Nintendo Wii exergames for 60 minutes was found to be applicable. In addition, it resulted in PA of moderate intensity.Item Accuracy of Medial Tibiofemoral Joint Space Palpation Among Second-Year Doctor of Physical Therapy Students Using Ultrasound Verification: An Observational Study(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-06) Savage, Nathan J.; Linnear, Bell- Kierra; Heston, Daniel; Smith, Paul; Sparks, Kaitlyn; Ward, LanceBackground: Palpation skills are universally taught in physical therapy education programs worldwide. Accurate palpation is necessary for diagnosis and to guide interventional approaches. The primary purpose of this investigation was to measure ultrasonographic-confirmed palpation accuracy of the medial tibiofemoral joint space among second-year Doctor of Physical Therapy students examining participants with characteristics representative of patients seen in clinical practice.Methods: Five second-year Doctor of Physical Therapy students served as examiners. Thirty-six participants contributed 67 knees for examination. The primary outcome was ultrasonographic-confirmed palpation accuracy, and the secondary outcomes evaluated the association between palpation accuracy and participant characteristics. Results: Pooled examiner accuracy was 39%. Chi-Square analyses revealed no association between pooled examiner palpation accuracy and BMI category (x2=1.46, p=0.48), age category (x2=0.21, p=0.65), sex (x2=1.47, p=0.23), skin tone (x2=0.06, p=0.81), or side of the examined knee (x2=0.27, p=0.61). Individual examiner palpation accuracy ranged from 14% to 75%, revealing a significant difference across examiners (x2=15.0, p=0.005). Two examiners had a combined accuracy of 64%, while the remaining 3 had a combined accuracy of 24%. Chi-Square analyses revealed no association between "successful" vs "unsuccessful" examiners and BMI category (x2=3.54, p=0.17), age category (x2=1.39, p=0.24), sex (x2=4.22, p=0.04), skin tone (x2=0.001, p=0.97), or side of the examined knee (x2=0.08, p=0.77). Conclusion: This investigation provides original data of ultrasonographic-confirmed palpation accuracy among second-year Doctor of Physical Therapy students examining participants with characteristics representative of patients seen in clinical practice. Results may help inform instructional approaches and curricular design in physical therapy education.Item The Intra and Inter-Rater Reliability of Kinovea Software In Measuring Pelvic Tilt On Healthy Individuals In Sagittal Plane: An Analytical Study(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2024-03) Dattatra, Kurlekar Amrutay; Sreeraj, Swapna RajanBackground: Recently, there has been an increased interest in software-aided goniometric measurements in clinical establishments because of their uncomplicated availability and accuracy. This study evaluates the reliability of Kinovea software as a measurement tool for pelvic tilt in a sagittal plane. Methods: Ninety-five healthy people with a mean age of 20.67 ± 1.91, ninety-three females and two males, had reflective markers placed on the anatomical landmarks of ASIS and PSIS and were photographed with a tripod-mounted camera from 180 cm. The photos were taken thrice on both the right and left sides of the pelvis in the sagittal plane. They were then analyzed using Kinovea software to measure the pelvic tilt. The measured data were subjected to intra-rater reliability in two sessions at an interval of 24 hours. For inter-rater reliability, the second rater analyzed the coded photos of each subject on the fourth day. Both the raters were blinded to each other, and the subjects were blinded to the readings until the study was completed.Results: For intra-rater reliability, the results showed excellent reliability for the measurement of pelvic tilt on both sides of the pelvis between the first and second session (Cronbach's alpha = 0.98 and ICC=0.98), and for inter-rater reliability showed significant agreements between the raters (Cronbach's alpha value = 0.98 and ICC =0.98).Conclusion: Kinovea software is a highly reliable and promising tool for measuring pelvic tilt in the sagittal plane for posture analysis.Item Effectiveness of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, Sensorimotor Training and Conventional Exercise Along With Whole Body Vibrator on Balance in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2024-03) Paul, Jibi; Lakshmi, J. Kavitha; Sathya, P.Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common complications of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study's objective was to find the comparative effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, sensorimotor training, conventional exercise, and whole body vibrator on balance in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Methods: This was an experimental study of comparative type with 60 subjects. The study was carried out at the Faculty of Physiotherapy department, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, for eight weeks after its approval from the institution's review board. Clinically diagnosed diabetic mellitus patients aged 45 to 60 years were selected for the study for the last seven years. The selected participants were divided into three groups using a random sampling method. Michigan neuropathy screening instrument, berg balance scale, and Time up and test were used to assess before and after the intervention.Results: In this study, the comparative effect of Whole Body Vibrator with PNF Training, Whole Body Vibrator with sensory motor Training, and Conventional Training on MNSI, BBS, and TUG4 shows a significant difference in the Post-test of MNSI and TUG but no difference in BBS between Group A, B and C with P value <0.0001. 0.0697 and 0.0014 respectively. Group A was more effective, with mean differences of 3.625, 4.80, and 3.150 on MNSI, BBS, and TUG, compared to Group B and C.Conclusion: Regarding the statistical analysis of the data collected using MNSI, BBS, and TUG. It can be concluded that PNF, along with whole body vibrator, is a more effective intervention than sensorimotor with WBV and conventional training.Item Physical Therapy Interventions and Response to this Treatment in a 13-year-old Female with Paramyotonia Congenita(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-03) Ricks, Morgan; Lake, Warren; Jackman, TrentBackground: Paramyotonia Congenita (PMC) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the sodium ion pump at the level of muscles, retarding muscular relaxation after activation. Symptoms may include isolated or global muscle stiffness, with or without pain. The purpose of this case is to describe physical therapy interventions and response to this treatment in a 13-year-old female with paramyotonia congenita. Case Summary: 13-year-old female diagnosed with Paramyotonia Congenita and a 4-month history of increased low back and bilateral hip pain. Treatment consisted of therapeutic heating modalities, aquatic therapy, and stretches. Patient and family education and coordination for an individual education plan were also implemented.Outcome Measures: The patient was treated at an outpatient clinic for 13 sessions. She showed improvements in shoulder, hip, and back range of motion and pain. Goniometric measurements were used to track the range of motion, and a 0-10 visual analog scale and Wong-baker FACES pain rating scale were used to measure pain.Conclusion: Physical therapy intervention may be an effective treatment option in reducing pain in a 13-year-old girl with PMC. Treatment modalities utilizing heat application may have decreased pain for several days at a time, and deeper heating options appear to yield greater effectiveness at reducing pain for longer periods. However, additional research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of physical therapy treatment with PMC, including the role and application of deep heat and other treatment modalities.Item An Exploratory, Practice-Oriented Pilot Study into Matched Treatments in Patients with Non-Specific Neck Pain(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-06) Maissan, Francois; Pool, Jan; Wittink, Harriet; Raaij, Edwin de; Ostelo, Raymond; Westers, Paul; Graaf, Marloes De; Kroon, GlennBackground: Even thoughphysiotherapists attempt to match care to the patient’s needs, there is little knowledge about which treatments are applied in daily practice and which treatments have the most potential to improve ROM in patients with non-specific neck pain with a limited ROM. The objective of this study was 1) to establish the measurement error of the Sensamove cervical training accelerometer (SCT); 2) to describe the applied treatments for patients with non-specific neck pain with an identified restriction in cervical Range of Motion (ROM) in primary care physiotherapy clinics; 3) to explore if the cervical ROM, pain, (perceived) disability and motor control improved after one manual therapy treatment.Methods: The standard error of measurement (SEM) and the smallest detectable difference (SDD) were calculated based on a test-retest study. Second, an explorative, longitudinal study design (follow-up one week) was performed. Inclusion criterion: non-specific neck pain with an identified restriction in cervical ROM. Measurements: pre- (T0) and post-treatment (T1), and one-week post-treatment (T2). Outcomes: ROM, motor control movement task, Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and Patient Specific Function Scale (PSFS).Results: The SEM varied from 1.62° (lateral flexion right) to 3.46° (extension). The SDD varied from 4.49° (lateral flexion right) to 9.58° (extension). Four physiotherapists included 24 patients and used eight different treatments. The T0-T2 improvement in cervical ROM ranged from 2.95° (SD 6.09) (right lateral flexion) to 11.00° (SD11.87) (left rotation). The movement task was performed 3.96 (SD 4.24) seconds faster. The NPRS decreased by 3.08 (SD 1.82) points, and PSFS improved by 7.71 (SD 5.34) points. Conclusion:The measurement error has been established. Moreover, this Study illustrates that matched treatments, as applied in daily Practice, havre the potential to induce short term improvements.Item A Systematic Review On The Effects Of Electrical Stimulation on Spasticity In Hemiplegic Patients(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-12) Shaik, Rahul; Maheswari, Karri; Sasikala, P.; Kumar, N. S. SampathBackground: Spasticity in patients who survived after stroke is due to various mechanisms, in which the pathophysiology is widely varying. The results may be promising if there is a possibility of setting a framework for selecting appropriate treatment options based on impaired mechanisms. So, there is a need to review the literature available on electrical stimulation techniques for managing spasticity after stroke. Methods: 16 articles were included in this systematic review through electronic databases, including Pubmed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, library, Elsevier, Research Gate, and Science Direct, published between 2005 to 2022, which studied the effects of electrical stimulation on spasticity in hemiplegic patients as one of the interventions. Review articles, case studies, and studies with poor methodology were excluded from the review. Results: Reductions in Spasticity and improvements in range of motion were noted with the application of NMES combined with other interventions. On sensitivity analysis related to the site of application of NMES, wrists showed no effects on both Spasticity and ROM, and elbows showed no effects on spasticity. When a range of motion is considered one of the outcome measures, the results supported the effects of NMES, and for other outcomes, the results did not confirm the effects of NMES. Conclusion: 16 randomized controlled trial articles were reviewed, and positive effects of electrical stimulation on spasticity management were reported. Most of them reported recovery in plantar flexor spasticity. There is a scope for research on upper limb muscle spasticity and neurophysiological aspects of recovery that help in functional recoveryItem Mc Gill Pain Questionnaire: A Cross-Cultural Adaptation Study in Chronic Neck Pain(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-06) Shroff, Riddhi; Dabholakar, twinkleIntroduction: Due to its complex nature, identification, and treatment of both physical and psychological risk factors is essential in patients with neck pain. Multidimensional pain assessment is an essential prerequisite to planning a multi-modal treatment. McGill Pain Questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool that can assist in multidimensional pain assessment. Hence, this study's objective was to determine the clinimetric properties and usability of the Hindi version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire in patients with neck pain. Methods: After securing permission from the University Ethics board, a cross-culturally adapted Hindi version of the Long Form McGill Pain Questionnaire was administered to evaluate clinimetric properties (validity and reliability) in fifty patients with chronic neck pain.Results: Hindi version of Long Form McGill Pain Questionnaires demonstrated high levels of internal consistency (Cronbach alpha range 0.76- 0.83) and reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient range 0.74-0.85) in patients with chronic neck pain. The Hindi version of LF-MPQ demonstrated adequate construct and concurrent validity when tested with VAS (Pearson r- 0.80) and NDI (Pearson r- 0.79), respectively.Conclusion: The Hindi version of the LF-MPQ was a reproducible and valid tool in chronic neck pain assessment.Item Comparing The Effects Of Electrical Stimulation Of Antagonist At Motor Point And The Agonist At Musculotendinous Junction On Spasticity Of Biceps Muscle In Chronic MCA Stroke Patients. A Pilot Study(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-09) Shaik, Rahul; Jyothi, Kannuru Ramya; Sasikala, P.Background: Neuro-physiological conflict between reciprocal inhibition and nonreciprocal inhibition phenomena during electrical stimulation of spastic muscles may give scope for new technological advances in electrical stimulation techniques for spasticity reduction. This study compares the effects of antagonistic motor point stimulation and agonist stimulation at muscle–tendon junctions on biceps spasticity. Methods: 11 post-stroke patients between 40 and 60 years of age were randomly assigned to two groups. In the antagonist-stimulation group, electrical stimulation is given to the triceps muscles, up to 30 contractions in a single session with the frequency of 40 Hz-100Hz and 0.7ms pulse duration. In the agonist-stimulation group, the patient’s musculotendinous junction of spastic biceps is marked with the help of diagnostic ultrasound before starting the treatment. Spastic biceps was stimulated at the musculotendinous junction up to 30 contractions in a single session with a frequency of 40Hz to 70Hz and 0.7ms pulse duration. Both groups received single-treatment sessions per day for five days a week for four weeks. Stretch pain on VAS and ENMG (H reflex and F/M ratio) were recorded on the first day and after four weeks of treatment. Results: Extremely significant reduction in spasticity (p=<0.0001) and stretch pain (p=<0.0001) were noted after both types of stimulations. Subjects in the agonistic stimulation group showed significant improvement in both outcome measures compared to the antagonistic stimulation group, with a mean difference of 2.965ms in H reflex and 1.235 in F/M ratio. More significant improvement in pain was noted in the agonistic stimulation group (p=0.0002). These results demonstrated a significant spasticity reduction in agonistic stimulation compared to agonistic stimulation. Conclusion: Agonist stimulation at a musculotendinous junction is more effective than antagonistic stimulation at a motor point in reducing spasticity in MCA stroke subjects.Item Home-Based Neck Stabilization Exercise Program Among Female College Students With Non-Specific Neck Pain – A Pilot Study In Saudi Arabia(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2024-03) Sanjeevi, Ramya Ramsamy; Balasubramanian, Karthick; Refae, Amal Mohammad Apdoh Apdallh; Wafi, Raghad Ahmad Abdulaziz Abdualla; Alameer, Shahd Abdulgader Hussain; Ameer, Nada Abdullah Abu Al Qasim Al .Background: Neck pain is a common musculoskeletal problem that significantly causes disability. Exercise therapy is effective in decreasing pain and improving the functional ability among patients with neck pain. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a home-based neck stabilization exercise program in pain and neck disability among female college students with non-specific neck pain (NSNP).Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a single group pre-test post-test was conducted in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Sixteen participants with NSNP underwent six weeks of training, which included one face-to-face session and 17 sessions of home-based exercise training. The pre-test and post-test values were obtained before and after six training sessions using the Numerical pain rating scale and neck disability index for pain intensity and neck disability, respectively. Results: A significant reduction in neck pain intensity and disability was observed, with a mean difference of 2.88 and 12.4, respectively. The calculated ‘t’ value using the paired ‘t’ test for the numerical pain rating scale was 10.022 (p<0.01), and the neck disability index was 4.934 (p<0.01).Conclusion: Based on the statistical analysis and clinical significance, the present study provides preliminary evidence that a home-based neck stabilization exercise program reduces pain and neck disability among female college students with NSNP.Item Relationship Between Muscle Stiffness Derived from Fatigue and Estimated Muscle Mass(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2024-03) Terada, Shigeru; Yamashina, Yoshihiro; Goto, MasahiroBackground: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between muscle mass and the effect of contraction tasks leading to biceps fatigue on the joint drive resistance of the elbow joint.Methods: A total of 23 healthy men were included in this study. A muscle tone electromyograph was used to measure joint drive resistance in passive flexion and elbow joint extension before and after the muscle contraction task. The slope of the regression line of the angular torque during passive motion was calculated and analyzed as the elastic coefficient. We also investigated the relationship between the estimated muscle mass and the joint drive resistance.Results: Muscle contraction leading to biceps fatigue increases the elastic coefficient of the elbow joint. During muscle fatigue, a relationship was observed between the rate of change in the elastic modulus and the estimated muscle mass.Conclusion: The muscle contraction task leading to fatigue increases joint drive resistance, and the rate of increase is related to muscle mass.Item Effects Of Physiotherapy On Metabolic Markers And Wellness Score In Post-Menopausal Diabetic Women(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-12) Varalakshmi, D.; RekhaBackground: Yogic practices are beneficial for overall health and well-being, and they can potentially play a supportive role in the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus (DM) and reduce cardiovascular complications. While it is important to note that yoga should not be considered a standalone treatment for diabetes, it can be a complementary approach incorporated into a comprehensive treatment plan. This study assessed metabolic markers and wellness scores of post-menopausal diabetes patients to compare the benefits of yoga and therapy. Methods: The study recruited 15 female patients aged 36 to 63 who received medical treatment for type 2 DM at AIMSR. The patients were selected using an accidental sampling method. All participants provided informed consent to participate in the study. Among the recruited patients, 11 were post-menopausal for more than a year, and four were peri-menopausal. The study was designed pre- and post-intervention to assess changes in biochemical markers and subjective well-being.Results: The statistical analysis used the student’s t-test for paired samples. Using the paired t-test and accepting p-values less than 0.05 as statistically significant, the study aimed to determine if significant differences in the measured parameters existed before and after the intervention. The study findings suggest that yoga training resulted in decreased FBG significantly (P=0.0035) by 20.62%, PPBG also decreased significantly (P=0.0012) by 14.52%, and HDL increased significantly (P=0.022). There was a significant (P=0.003) decrease of 17.37% in the TC/HDL ratio and a significant (P=0.016) increase of 19.13% in the HDL/LDL ratio.Conclusion: In post-menopausal diabetes, a six-week yoga and physical therapy training program improves lipid profiles and blood sugar levels. Incorporating a comprehensive yoga and physical therapy treatment program into a successful complementary or integrative therapy program may improve the standard medical care for diabetes mellitus.Item Finding Baseline Parameters Of The Neurodynamic Test of The Upper And Lower Limbs: False Positive Rate Among Healthy Asymptomatic Adult(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2024-03) Chitapure, Tajuddin; Walimbe, Vaibhavi; Kawathekar, Utkarsha; Fatima, Quraishi Maliha; Afsarpatel, Shaikh Amreen; Afsar, Shaikh SabaBackground: Neurodynamic tests are used by most physiotherapists in clinical examinations to differentiate the underlying pathoanatomic structures. We examined the false positive rate of upper limb neural tension test (ULTT) & seated slump test (STT) in healthy individuals with no history of any cervical & lumbar symptoms. To form baseline parameters to differentiate between normal and actual pathology.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study. Ninety-eight subjects participated, with 49 males & 49-female with mean ages of twenty-two 22.28 & 20.53 respectively. The test methods used were ULTT and SST. Tester 1 performed the test. Tester 2 was blinded & measured the range of motion employing universal goniometry.Results: The mean elbow extension for ULTT-R was 32.67 with 95% C. I between 30.38° to 34. 89°. And for ULTT-L, it was 34.75° with a 95% CI between 32.61 to 36.89. The mean knee extension for SST-R was 15.92° with 95% C. I between 12.81 to 19.03. And SST-L was 14.27 with 95 % C. I was between 11.51 to 17.04. To increase ULTT and SST's diagnostic accuracy, clinicians can use these results to establish baseline criteria for identifying pathological and non-pathological findings.Conclusion: Based on the 75th Percentile, we suggested that a positive test only be identified when peripheral symptoms are reproduced before 20° of knee extension on the right and 18° on the left side and elbow extension before 45° on the right and 41° on the left side.Item Can Lumbar Stabilization Exercises Influence Synergy Pattern and Recruitment Time of Core Muscles in Chronic Mechanical Low Back Pain? Pre-Post Experimental Study(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-12) Rathi, Manisha; Desai, Roopa; Kolhe, Sumedha; Palekar, Tushar J.Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a condition in which there is active inhibition of recruitment of local stabilizers, causing the onset of deep abdominal muscle activity to be delayed. Change in Synergy Pattern (SP) and Recruitment Time (RT) of core muscles after treatment with Lumbar Stabilization Exercises (LSE) is lacking in the research literature. Objectives were to assess pre and post-intervention changes in SP and RT of Transversus Abdominis (TA), Rectus Abdominis (RA), Superficial Lumbar Multifidus (SMF), Longissimus (LG) bilaterally with surface Electromyography (sEMG) after treating with LSE.Methods: The trial was registered under the Clinical Trail Registry- India (CTRI/2022/09/046066). Thirty-seven participants (M=6, F=31) with CLBP aged 20-40 years were treated with LSE for 6 weeks, 3 alternate days per week. Participants were assessed at baseline for CLBP, post 3 and 6 weeks. Outcome measures were changed in SP measured in microvolts (?V) and RT in milliseconds (ms) of TA, RA, SMF, and LG bilaterally by sEMG and Pain that was assessed with NPRS should be out of bracket. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA was used as statistical analysis. sEMG revealed significant improvement in SP for TA and SMF bilaterally (p<0.05). Significant improvement was observed only in SMF in terms of RT (p<0.05). Also, significant improvement was seen in NPRS at rest and on activity with P<0.001.Conclusion: Lumbar stabilization exercises effectively improve TA and SMF's synergy pattern. Also, it is effective in improving recruitment time, mainly superficial multifidus.Item Effects of Electrohydraulic Therapy of Shock Waves on Pain and Lymphedema Measurement Post-Radical Mastectomy(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-06) Al-Kader Ahmed, Mamdouh Abd; Mohamed Manar, Samir; Abdelmohsen, Sara; Elbedewy Mohamed, Ahmed; Mahmoud Marwa, Mahmoud Mahfouz; Mohamed Kamal, Eldin S.Background: Lymphedema post-mastectomy remains a challenging problem. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of shock wave electrohydraulic treatment (ESWT) for patients with pain and lymphedema. Methods: Thirty patients (30 women) with pain & lymphedema post-radical mastectomy were evaluated to participate in this Clinical trial. They were recruited from the Minia Cancer Institute- Minia University and Deraya University outpatient clinics. Their ages varied between the ages of 40 and 50 years. They were divided into two groups. Group (1) 'Group of studies': 15 patients seeking ESWT in addition to conventional medical care. Group (2) 'Control group': 15 people seeking conventional medical care only. Patients of the study group (1) were treated with a number of impulses, at least 500 shocks at E2 at 4Hz (equivalent to 0.11mJ/mm square energy). Treatment sessions were delivered twice weekly for six treatments (3 weeks). The assessment used a Visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and arm circumference midway between the shoulder and elbow for lymphedema measurement.Results: showed that (ESWT) on pain and lymphedema measurement post-radical mastectomy effectively decreased pain as evidenced by the highly significant decreases in the visual analogue scale. These results revealed a substantial VAS reduction (P<0.0001). Effects of the ESWT on lymphedema measurement via the arm circumference measurement at the point where the shoulder and the elbow meet post-radical mastectomy were investigated. These results revealed a notable reduction in the mean value of the arm circumference measurement (ACM) (P<0.0001). Conclusion: The significant reductions in VAS and assessment of the ACM arm range show that the ESWT, in addition to conventional therapy, significantly impacted upper limb structural components following radical mastectomy.Item Risk-Taking and Risk of Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Scoping Review(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-06) Bégin, Diane; Morgan, Ashley; Labonté, Jocelyne; Richardson, Julie; Macedo, Luciana G.; Wojkowski, SarahBackground: Risk-taking behaviors have emerged as a target for fall prevention. However, the risk-taking concepts are complex, and several approaches exist to identify risk-taking behaviors. In addition, studies of fall-related risk-taking behaviors have not yet been systematically evaluated. Methods: This scoping review was conducted in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for scoping reviews. Six electronic databases were searched to identify studies published between 2000 and 2020. Studies were included in our review if they were conducted on community-dwelling older adults (? 65 years) and discussed fall-related risk-taking behaviors. Data extraction and analyses were completed using a table developed a priori by the research team.Results: Self-reported behaviors using qualitative methodology were the most common approach to identifying risk-taking behaviors in community-dwelling older adults. Generally, older adults are aware of their fall risk and tend to adopt behaviours to help mitigate it. However, older adults also described moments of deliberate risk-taking driven by the potential benefits of this behavior. Factors associated with risk-taking include an individual’s abilities, personal values, and physical and social environment.Conclusion: This review demonstrated that fall-related risk-taking behaviors are a highly individualized concept influenced by a number of factors. Therefore, future research should evaluate how risk appraisal, risk attitudes, and risk propensity predict fall-related risk-taking behaviors in community-dwelling older adults.Item Efficacy of Interferential Therapy on Selected Cardiopulmonary Parameters of Asthmatic Patients with Post Covid 19 Exposure: A Sstudy Protocol of A Randomized Control Trial(International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2023-03) Eniola, Awolola Oladejo; Sonill, Maharaj SooknunanBackground: Interferential Therapy (IFT) is the administration of two medium-frequency currents to the skin, stimulating varying systems in the body using specific frequencies and frequency ranges. IFT in the thoracic region aims to reduce muscle soreness in the chest and upper back, reduce muscular fatigue and induce mucus expectoration. This study is designed to test the efficacy of IFT on bronchial asthma patients exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus.Methods: IFT will be administered as an intervention to 28 asthma patients with and without a history of COVID-19 exposure for 20 minutes. Six continuous outcome variables at different points will be utilized as an outcome measure; the selected Baseline Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) and Cardiopulmonary Variables (CVS) will be assessed upon entry into the study and after every intervention, while asthma quality of life and asthma control test will be measured fortnightly. In addition, participants will be required to visit the study location 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Results: The means ± SD will be compared, while the participant's outcome variables will be evaluated for study homogeneity at baseline. Repeated measures of MANOVA will be used to evaluate the study outcome within group participants. In contrast, a one-tail independent t-test will be used to evaluate the efficacy of IFT on bronchial asthma patients with Post COVID-19 exposure across groups. The level of significance will be set at P<0.05.Discussion and Conclusion: Asthma control in the SARS-CoV-2 virus is still unclear; this study aims to evaluate the effect of airway smooth muscle relaxation induced by IFT on the possible long-term manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 virus on asthma control, quality of life, and selected cardiopulmonary variables of asthma patients. This study will add to the knowledge of managing severe acute respiratory syndrome.