Thai Journal of Nursing Council

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    An Effect of Self-efficacy Enhancement on Foot Care Behaviors in Patients with Diabetes, type 2
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Sumalee Chuepan
    The foot care behaviors were important for patients with diabetes to of reduce high- risk of foot ulcer and lower-extremity amputation that impacted there quality of life. This quasi- experimental research was purposed to study the effect of perceived self-efficacy enhancement on foot care behaviors of patient with diabetes, type 2. The sample groups consisted of 40 patients with diabetes type 2 at the diabetes clinic in outpatient department of Banglamoung Hospital, Chunburi. Simple random sampling was used to select the control group first and then the experimental group. Trial tool was perceived self- efficacy enhancement program based on Bandura's theory included education about foot self- care, review experience of effective foot self-care by model, experience of effective foot self-care (regular foot washing, elevating foot during the day, prescribe clipping toenail and foot wear) and foot assessment (peripheral sensation by monofilament 10 g., foot deformity, check foot pulses at dosalis pedis, posterior tibial). Data collection included patient interview, foot care behaviors and self-efficacy scale (reliability= 0.81,and 0.95) .The statistics used for data analysis were descriptive, chi-square, independent t-test, repeated measure analysis of variance and analysis of variance of the difference of post hoc Scheffe-test.
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    The Effect of Education Program Based on Health Belief Model on Prevention Cadmium Exposure among High-Risk Female Students
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Tippawan Chaiwong; Thitiapha Tangkawanich; Chudchawal Jantarawijit
    The purpose of quasi – experimental research was to study the effect of education program based on the Health Belief Model on prevention cadmium exposure among high-risk female students. The subjects were twelve to fifteen years old and level of cadmium in urine higher than 1 μg / g Cr. Twenty six subjects were purposively selected and assigned to either experimental or control group. The experimental group received education program based on the Health Belief Model, whereas the control group received regular instruction. The instruments were demographic data and a questionnaire on the prevention cadmium exposure. Five experts verified the program and the questionnaire. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was 0.72. The hypothesis was tested by independent t-test and Dependent t-test.The result showed that the experimental group had a prevention cadmium exposure mean score significantly higher than in control group (p \< 0.001). It is also found that the experimental group had significantly higher mean score of prevention cadmium exposure after received education program based on the Health Belief Model compared to before received education program based on the Health Belief Model (p \< 0.001).The study indicates that this program can be used to promote for prevention cadmium exposure in female students.
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    Editorial Note: Invitation to send Article and Research
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Saipin Kasemkitwatana
    Not available
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    Spiritual Care for Hospitalized Patients with Chronic Illness
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Uaiporn Pattrapakdikul; Sopen Chunuan; Mallika Sunthornwipat
    The objectives of this descriptive research were to: 1) examine the nurses' perception of spiritual care for hospitalized patients with chronic illness; 2) compare the hospitalized patients' perception of spiritual care received among general, regional, and university hospitals; and 3) compare spiritual care provided with spiritual care received. The study samples were 505 register nurses and 373 patients from the hospitals in Southern Thailand selected by simple random technique. Content validity of these questionnaires was judged by six experts. The research instruments were the questionnaire of perceived spiritual care by nurses and perceived spiritual care received among patients which were developed by the researcher with reliability 0.95 and 0.86 respectively. Percentages, means, standard deviations, one way ANOVA, and independent t-tests were used to analyze data.Results of the study showed that the overall nurses' perception of spiritual care provided were at high level. The perceived spiritual care received among three hospitals was significantly differences (p \< .001). The perceived spiritual care by nurses and perceived spiritual care received among patients were significantly differences (p \< .001).It was suggested that in order to improve quality of spiritual care the hospital administrators need to increase nurses' skill of spiritual intervention, provide appropriate nurse ratio in each shift, provide opportunity for the nurse to sharing about the spiritual care experiences. In addition, nurses should provided care focusing on spirituality care.
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    Self Retraining Retractor for Radical Cysto-prostatectomy, Uro-Rama Retractor
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Nicha Piyasoontrawong; Chareon Leenanupunth; Dr
    Abstract: Radical cysto-prostatectomy defines as a surgical removal of urinary bladder, prostate and seminal vesicles in male and removal of urinary bladder, uterus and upper part of the vagina in female, respectively. It can be performed using laparoscopic or open approaches. However, the open surgical approach sometimes has been difficult especially in male due to the narrowing of the male pelvic cavity. By this difficulty, it can cause of the prolongation of the operative time and can cause of the significant surgical blood loss.Therefore, the development of the retractor instrument for this operation is necessary and it may help the operation to be more effective. We invented the brand new self-retaining retractor (Uro-Rama Retractor) to assist in the operation and this instrument could help the surgeon to perform the operation safer and more effective compared to the traditional abdominal retractor. 
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    Factors Affecting Postpartum Women’s Mental Health
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Wanna Kongsuriyanavin; Benjawan Kunrattanaporn; Kitirat Techatraisak
    The purpose of this study was to examine factors affecting postpartum women's mental health. The subjects were 400 postpartum women who followed up the postpartum clinic at Siriraj Hospital. The subjects were interviewed by using questionnaires, including personal questionnaire and Thai Mental Health Questionaire (TMHQ.). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics ( e.g. freguenay mean, SD., max, min), analysis of variance, and Post Hoc Comparisons.
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    Primary Medical Care of Nurses at Primary Care Unit in Chiang Mai Province
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-04-01) Visith Siriphuvanun; Yuwayong Juntarawijit; Nongyao Udomvong
    The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine primary medical care of nurses at the PCU in Chiang Mai Province. The sample was 127 nurses who working at the PCU in Chiang Mai Province selected by purposive sampling technique. The questionnaire was developed by the researcher based on the literature review that composes of general appearance and primary medical care of nurses. Research instrument was approved by five experts. Content validity index was 0.94 and reliability was 0.86. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the nurses practiced primary medical care at the medium level with the average overall score was 79.2%. The practices which were in the good level were as follows: treatment in frequent diseases and surgery was 89.9%, health assessment and diagnosis was 84.2%, and follow-up treatment to patients was 83.5%. The practices in the medium level were as follows: medical treatment was 76.5%, and continuous care to patients was 61.7%.The results of this study could be used to basic information for nurses in PCU to improve home visits and care of patients and high-risk groups who live in responsible area. Moreover, the data could be used to develop nursing curriculum and capacity building in primary medical care among nurses in PCU.
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    Perception of Nursing Principles among Nurses in Thailand
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Pantip Jormsri; Arewan Klunklin; Ouyporn Tunmukayakul; Wichit Srisuphan
    Nurses provide nursing practice in the pursuit of quality nursing, which is in the patients’ best interests. Underneath the nursing practice, nurses use knowledge and skills based on what they have learned from the nursing profession. The principles embedding nursing knowledge and skills steer the nurses to perform competent nursing practice.This qualitative study was designed to explore what nurses perceive as nursing principles. The assumption of this study was that nurses use principles whenever they provide nursing practice, although they may not recognize this during their practice. What nurses perceive as nursing principles might be different based on the many factors that influence and facilitate nurses to perform nursing practice. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the nursing principles from the perception of nurses in nursing practice.Valuable sources of data included the focus groups of 12 registered nurses and the in-depth interviews of four experts in the nursing profession including instructors and practitioners. According to the findings of nurses’ perception, nursing principles were seen as the entity of the nursing profession. Nursing principles were composed of four characteristics or components, namely;1) nursing care for patient safety; 2) holistic nursing care; 3) nursing care based on standards of nursing; and 4) nursing care using the scientific knowledge of the art of nursing derived from nursing and related sciences. Nurses perceived the importance of nursing principles throughout learning and experiencing nursing practice. Furthermore, they accepted that nursing principles represent the nursing profession and also sustain quality ofnursing practice.
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    Physical Activity among Older persons in Rural Southern Thailand
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Prapaiwan Srimatavorakul; Kanittha Naka; Pranorm Noopetch
    This research aimed to describe patterns and level of physical activities of older persons in rural southern Thailand. One hundred and twenty - nine subjects were purposively selected from one in seven villages at Bangpao subdistrict, Kantang district, Trang province. Data were collected using a demographic data form and physical activity questionnaires. Content validity was assessed by three experts. The Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient were used to ascertain the reliability of the physical activity questionnaires and yielded .92. Demographic data and physical activity data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation.The results revealed that the highest score of energy utilization of older persons'physical activity was working (X = 1,702.25, SD = 2,558.34), followed by leisure, housework, and traveling (X = 1,613.12, SD = 886.45; X= 1,340.92, SD = 1,972.05 and X= 416.24, SD = 548.33, respectively). Comparing to the level of physical activities to the requirement for physical fitness, more than half of older persons in rural southern Thailand (55.0%) had inadequate performance. The results could be used as basic data for health care teams in designing health promoting program for older persons'physical activities, especially those who are currently inadequate.
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    Development of a quality assurance model for older people’s care assistants
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Siriphan Sasat; Branom Rodcumdee; Tuanjai Pukdeeprom
    It was found that the characteristics of care assistant for older people consisted of 3 components; knowledge, attitude and practice. A quality assurance model for care assistants can be developed into 8 components; application, admission procedure, teaching and learning, management, financing and funding, graduators, follow-up system, and quality assurance system and methods, which includes internal and external assessment. Each component can be explained by means of 3 indicators: a descriptive indicator, a characteristic indicator and a quantitative indicator.The increasing need for care assistants for older people is a result of increasing numbers of older people in Thailand with chronic illnesses, who are disabled, dependent, and in need of long-term care, at the same time the family has less capacity to provide care. The lack of quality assurance and a follow up system could allow care assistants to function beyond the scope of their abilities. Therefore, a model of quality assurance for care assistants would be beneficial to ease this problem. Qualitative research was carried out with stakeholders who participated in 4 focus group discussions: academic professional organizations, educators and teachers, care assistants, and care receivers. Policy recommendations for the government are that they should support and monitor the quality of care assistant education and training, enact the related professional law, care assistant agency registration, improve care assistant curriculum standard, create continuing curriculum study, encourage qualified care assistant registration, classify level of care assistant and designate their practice restrictions. Practice recommendations would encourage schools for care assistants to apply this model in their institutions, support the establishment of an association for care assistants, and promote career development.
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    Effects of Self-efficacy Enhancement on Patients’ Post Abdominal Surgery Recovery at Phaphuttabath Hospital, Saraburi
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-04-01) Shayanis Chobarunsitti; Saipin Kasemkitwattana; Wallada Chanruangvanich
    This quasi-experimental research explored the effects of perceived self-efficacy enhancement on the postoperative recovery of abdominal surgery patients through the development of a perceived self-efficacy enhancement program based on Bandura’s theory. The sample group consisted of 80 abdominal surgery patients who had been admitted to the men’s and women’s surgical wards at Phaphutthabath Hospital, Saraburi. Data collection began with the control group of 40 patients who received only routine nursing care, after which the experimental group of another 40 patients were provided with the program for perceived self-efficacy enhancement in addition to routine nursing care. Perceived self-efficacy was assessed before and after participation in the program, after which recoveries were compared in terms of postoperative complications, activity of daily living (ADL) ability and the duration of hospital treatment. Statistical analysis of the data was performed in terms of chi-square test, independent t-test, pair-t test and ancova. The study found that the experimental group had significantly higher perceived self-efficacy post-test scores than pre-test scores (p \< .001). Furthermore, the postoperative recoveries of these patients were significantly better with fewer complications (p \< .05). Moreover, their ADL ability was improved and they had shorter durations of hospitalization (p \< .001). Lastly, it was found that the patients in the experimental group were prescribed significantly fewer postoperative pain relievers than the control group (p \< .001). In view of the research findings, nursing care for the continual enhancement of perceived self-efficacy of patients from the pre-operative to the post-operative periods.
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    Working Environment, Assertive Behavior and Teamwork of Staff Nurses in General Hospitals in the Central Region
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-04-01) Pisamai Jangsuthivarawat; Yupin Aungsuroch
    The purpose of this research was to study the working environment, assertive behavior and team work of nurses in general hospitals in the central region. The sample consisted of 424 staff nurses selected by multi-state sampling .The research instruments used were a working environment questionnaire (Moose, 1986), an assertive behavior questionnaire (Clark, 1979), and a team work questionnaire (Woodcock, 1989). All questionnaires were tested for content validity by 5 experts and the reliability was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha which yielded result of .93, .89 and .96 respectively. The data was analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis . The results of this study showed that the mean scores for the working environment and assertive behavior were at high appropriate (X¯= 4.16, SD=0.36; 4.00, SD=0.37 respectively), and teamwork of staff nurses were at a high level (X¯ 4.02, SD=0.40). The working environment and assertive behavior were positively correlated to teamwork at a high level (r = 0.82, 0.74, p \< .001) Variables which could significantly predict teamwork were the working environment and assertive behavior. The predictors accounted for 70.1 percent of the variance of the teamwork of the nurses.
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    The Development of a Clinical Nursing Practice Guideline for Motivational Enhancement to Change Alcohol Consumption Behavior in Alcohol Dependent Persons
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Salisa Limsirorat; Prapa Yuttatri; Chorthip Santanavanich
    The development of this clinical nursing practice guideline for motivational enhancement to change alcohol consumption behavior in alcohol dependent patients was based on the evidence-based practice model proposed by Polit and Beck which consists of four steps. This study covered only the first three steps. In step 1, selecting a topic, the issue or problem of patients being unable to quit or reduce alcohol consumption was selected. In step 2, assembling the evidence-based practice from literature, six studies were chosen including one meta–analysis, four randomized controlled trial, and one group time series design. After analyzing the studies, the proposed clinical nursing practice guideline was taken to three professional experts to verify the contents. The revised clinical nursing practice guideline outlines three necessary phases for motivational enhancement to change alcohol consumption behavior: phase I, building motivation for change, phase II, commitment strengthening and phase III, follow through and involving significant others. Step 3 was to assess the guideline, s readiness for implementation in organizations. The findings in this stage revealed that the guideline was appropriate for patients, personnel were ready to practice it and abstinence/reduction in alcohol use and re-addiction would be expected.The process and outcome evaluation of the guideline should be done in pilot settings before implementation in real situations.
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    Caregivers’ Experiences in Providing Care for Muslim Patients with Terminal AIDS
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-04-01) Suhaida Waeteh; Kittikorn Nilmanat; Praneed Songwathana
    This phenomenological study aimed to describe and explain the caregivers’ experiences in providing care for Muslim patients with terminal AIDS. Informants included ten primary caregivers of Muslim patients with AIDS, knowing that the  patients were in the terminal stage, and providing care for at least 1 month. Data were obtained using in-depth interviews and non-participant observation. Data were analyzed using van Manen’s guideline. The caregivers described the meaning of caring as 1) doing everything for extending life of their loved one, 2) doing the best they could make the patient live happily at the end of life, 3) taking close care of both body and mind like nurturing a child, and 4) caring for the patient to live worthly as a normal person. Caring for the dying patients with AIDS could be divided into 3 phases, including 1) the end of life care phase; caring behaviors in this phase included providing hygiene and comfort care, encouraging adequate diet/food, supervising patients’ adherence to medication, alleviating suffering symptoms, being with the patients, supporting patients’ needs, empowering patients’ will to live, keeping the HIV diagnosis confidential, staying in remembrance of Allah, and preventing HIV infection from care; 2) the terminal and the last day phase; caring behaviors during this phase included letting the patients be with their loved one, helping patients finish unfinished business, asking for forgiveness, staying in remembrance of Allah at the last breath; and 3) the bereavement phase; caring behaviors during this phase included reading Quran, keeping mourning, and passing merit to the dead. The informants reported both negative and positive impacts as a result of caring for the patients. Negative consequences were: 1) restlessness and poor physical health, 2) emotional suffering such as stress, anxiety, discouragement, being easily irritated, 3) loss of income and being indebt, 4) social isolation, and 5) not being able to perform religious practices as usual. Positive consequences were: 1) being proud of being a caregiver, and 2) gaining good experience. The results of this study provided directions and suggestions for improve the quality of care for the Muslim patients with terminal AIDs and their families.
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    The Effects of Diabetic Day Camp Participation on Perceived
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-05-19) Usa Tussanawin; Teeranut Harnirattisai; Wanpen Pinyopasakul
    This study was a quasi-experimental research design aimed to determine the effects of Diabetic Day Camp participation on perceived self-efficacy, self-care behaviors and blood sugar level among patients with diabetes mellitus, type 2. The sample was comprised of 70 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 who met the inclusion criteria. This study was conducted at outpatient clinic, in the 30 bed community hospital at Ayutthaya province. The sample was randomized into experimental and control group, 30 patients in each group. The self-efficacy theory was applied to develop day camp activities. The Diabetic Day Camp lasted 3 days long and was arranged to the experimental group one week after they agreed to participate in this study. The experimental group participated in Diabetic Day Camp conducted by the investigator and team, while the control group received usual care given by hospital nursing staff. The instruments used were the demographic questionnaire, perceived self-efficacy scale, self-care behavior scale, and a record of blood sugar level. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, paired t-test and analysis of covariance. The results revealed that the experimental group performed significantly better on the perceived self-efficacy than before the day camp participation at the end of the camp. The experimental group improved significantly in perceived self-efficacy and self care behaviors than the control group at one month follow-up (p \< .001). The experimental group decreased in blood sugar level than the control group significantly at one month follow up (p \< .05). Nurses and health care team can apply this Diabetic Day Camp in order to improve self care behaviors to control diseases and prevent complications in diabetic mellitus patients. Longer study to follow up on blood sugar level change, along with the use of hemoglobin A1C indicator was recommended in further study.The Effects of Diabetic Day Camp Participation on Perceived Self-efficacy, Self-care Behaviors and Blood Sugar Level among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
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    Nurse’s Role in Unfavorable Information “Breaking Bad News” Communication to Cancer Patients
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-04-01) Jitchaya Boonnun; Prangtip Chayaput
    Disclosure of unfavorable news or “breaking bad news” in cancer patients may start at the time of making diagnosis, then, through the course of treatment continuously. It directly affects not only to patients and families causing fear, stress, and anxiety which may result in emotional and behavioral problems, but also to nurses and physicians involving in that communication or delivered information. It causes stress to them and fear to interact with those patients and families as well. Communication task for delivering unfavorable clinical information or bad news is sensitive and difficult for nurses who have no skill, experience, or guideline for communication. Nurses who take care of those patients involve many possibilities to convey in order to reassure and discuss more on the unfavorable medical information. Employing the SPIKES – Six-Step Protocol – which consists of setting up, perception, invitation, knowledge, emotion, strategy and summary, will help facilitating the effective communication. Moreover, it can be used as a guideline to establish communication skill for delivering the bad news. It helps nurses in gathering the data by using the appropriate questions and observing the reactions of patients, then, either responding to them or giving them the additional related information accurately. It also promotes and supports patients’ participation in the future treatment plan. Using SPIKES protocol will increase nurses’ confidence in communication with and being able to furnish the suitable care for those patients and families.
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    Scales for Assessment of Pressure Ulcer Healing
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-04-01) Ponghatai Pumraya
    Accurate documentation on pressure ulcer healing is very significance because it can demonstrate the effectiveness of care. However, some problems of pressure ulcer healing records were found from the literature reviews and in clinical practices at Nopparatrajathanee hospital. These problems included incomplete, discontinuous, and inaccuracy. Utilization of appropriate instruments to monitor wound progress or wound healing is strongly recommended. This article is aimed to review the instruments used for pressure ulcer assessment. It was found that the first three instruments which most frequently used in the clinical practice were Pressure Ulcer Status Tool (PUSH Tool 3.0), Pressure Sore Status Tool (PSST) and Sessing Scale. The comparison was made among these three instruments in term of validity, reliability and feasibility. The result revealed that the Pressure ulcer Status Tool (PUSH Tool 3.0) is more reliable and feasible to use in clinical practice. It provides more details in determining the characteristics of pressure ulcers in many dimensions including size, depth, sign of infection, and the progression which reflect healing. While the other instrument had less details and is very complex to use by the non-specialist clinicians. In conclusion, PUSH Tool 3.0 was selected as a scale for assessment of pressure ulcer healing and progression at Nopparatrajathanee hospital. A plan to conduct a training program for nurses and other related health care providers as well as a plan to evaluate the effectiveness of this scale is recommended in further study.
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    Work Experience of Nurse Mentorship in a Governmental University Hospital
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-04-01) Maream Prousoontorn; Areewan Oumtanee
    Nurse Mentorship is an important strategy to prepare novice nurses in their transition process to become professional nurses. This strategy has been widely used in governmental hospital in Thailand. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explain the mentoring work as experienced by professional nurses who were assigned to be mentor by the ward administrators. Sixteen professional nurses were willing to participate in this study. In-depth interview, non-participant observation and document review were employed for data collection. Data were analyzed by using coding and constant comparative method.The findings of work experiences of nurse mentors consisted of 6 categories: 1) being assigned to be a mentor, 2) preparing as a mentor, 3) getting to know each another, 4) acting as a mentor, 5) getting feedback, and ending mentor’s roles. According to study findings, the mentoring work began when a head nurse assigned nurses to be a mentor for a novice. Some were assigned immediately to take a mentor’s role but some had time to prepare themselves and got to know a novice before acting as a mentor. Each mentor used self-reflection as a strategy to improve their mentor’s role. After the end of mentoring process, the mentor reported either positive or negative experiences. Mentoring work would start again when a nurse was assigned to be a mentor. From the results of this study, it is recommended that the administrators should develop an effective strategy to strengthen the nurse mentorship system. Accordingly, it can facilitate the transition process of novice nurses to professional nurses.
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    Characteristics of an Excellent Nursing Service Department, Tertiary Hospitals
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-04-01) Kesara Unchunbutr; Areewan Oumtanee
    The purpose of this research was to study excellent nursing service department characteristics in tertiary hospitals at 2012. An Ethnographic Delphi Future Research (EDFR) technique was applied. Twenty experts including 3 hospital administrators, 4 nursing administrators, 3 committee members from nursing organizations, 6 staff nurses and 4 nursing instructors were participated in this study. The study instruments were: (1) an interview guide for asking the experts to describe the excellent nursing service department, and (2) a questionnaire developed from the interview contents to ask a prior panel of experts for confirming the previous opinion. Study data were analyzed by using median and inter-quartile range to summarize the characteristics of excellent nursing service department. The results revealed that the excellent nursing service department characteristics were classified into 4 categories: 1. General characteristic of nursing service department, consisting of 4 subcategories: (1) Organizational structure: flexible to adjust toward changes, (2) Operation: use strategic planning and emphasize on possible goals, (3) Organizational climate: warm and caring climate, and (4) Organizational support: enhance a quality of working life of staff. 2. Nursing management, consisting of 4 subcategories: (1) General management: focus on decentralization, (2) Human resources management: effective develop both academic and growth of staff, (3) Applying knowledge management to work, and (4) Equal materials and budgeting management if comparing with other organizations. 3. Nursing service, consisting of 2 subcategories: (1) A variety of nursing care models and (2) Effective quality of care and continuous of quality improvement. 4. Staff characteristics consisting of 2 subcategories: (1) Basic competency and (2) Specific competency of nursing director and staff.
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    Factors Influencing Health Promoting Behaviors of Menopausal Women in Sawanpracharak Nakhonsawan Hospital Nakhonsawan Province
    (Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2010-04-01) Sudkanya Pancharean
    The objectives of this study were to investigate health promoting behaviors and to examine the factors influencing health promoting behaviors among menopausal women. This study was based on Pender’s Health Promoting Model as a conceptual framework. The subjects were 200 menopausal women who came to visit the doctors at the Menopausal Clinic in Sawanpracharak Nakhonsawan Hospital. The research instruments consisted of a demographic data questionnaire, health promoting behaviors questionnaire, perceived health status questionnaire and social support questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Peason’s product moment correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. The result showed that the overall health promoting behaviors of the menopausal women were at a good level. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that social support was the most powerful variable being able to predict health promoting behaviors at 25.80 percent (p \< .01) of the variable. Furthermore, Social support perceived health status, and educational level all together accounted for 38.10 percent (p \< .05) of the variance of health promoting behaviors.