International Archives of BioMedical and Clinical Research
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Item Impairment of C ognition in patients of B ipolar disorder in E uthymia in Indian population(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2022-06) Kaliramana, Preeti; Dixit, Abhinav; Nebhinani, Naresh; Sircar, SabyasachiBackground: Bipolar disorder is one of the common mental disorders(CMD) in India. It leads to significant cognitive deficit even during the period of euthymia. So, it is important to identify the various cognitive deficits in euthymic bipolar disorder patients in Indian population. Methods: The study was conducted over a period of 2 years in AIIMS Jodhpur, Rajasthan. 30 cases and 30 controls were selected. Cases were selected by administering Hamilton dep ression rating scale (HAM - D) and Young mania rating scale (YMRS) to the bipolar disorder patient, recruited from Psychiatry OPD, to select the patients who were in euthymia. Cognitive domains such as attention, memory, fluency, language and Visuospatial we re tested in both the groups and compared. Kruskal - Wallis test was employed to compare the 2 sample groups for different variables. In this study we wanted to observe the decline in cognitive function in healthy vs euthymic bipolar disorder patients and to know the various domains of cognition that are affected. Results: This study shows a presence of cognitive decline in euthymic bipolar disorder patients as compared to controls. A significant difference was found in all the cognitive domains namely atte ntion, memory, fluency, language and visuospatial between cases and controls. Conclusion: This study shows a positive correlation between cognitive decline and bipolar patients during the period of euthymia. This suggests that even though the bipolar disor der patient is in remission, there is still a residual effect on cognition during euthymic state which can eventually affect the day to day life and can hamper the quality of life.Item Treatment of Post - traumatic Bone Defects with infection in L ong B ones(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2022-03) Agarwal, Hari Om; Chawla, Harjit K. Singh; Garg, Ashish; Sahni, GirishBackground: Open fractures are a challenging condition to treat because they are frequently compounded by infection and nonunion. Traditional bone defect care strategies are mostly focused on fracture union rather than infection prevention. The goal of this study is t o use the Masquelet approach to examine the outcome of a post - traumatic defect with infection in long bones. This method is a two - step process. Stage I surgery includes debridement and the placement of an antibacterial spacer in the bone defect. Stage II s urgery involved removing the spacer while preserving the induced membrane that had grown on the spacer's surface and filling the bone - gap with morselized iliac crest bone - graft within the membrane sleeve. Methods: There were 22 patients in this study (18 m ales and 4 females), all of them had infected long bone fractures with a bone defect. The average length of the bone defect was 3.5 centimetres. The duration of follow - up varied from 6 to 15 months. Results: After an average of 11.5 weeks following the fir st step of surgery, radiological union was achieved. After stage 1, no patient had any remaining infection. After radiological union, all of the patients were able to mobilise with full weight bearing and a satisfactory range of motion in the adjoining joi nts. Conclusion: With favourable outcomes, this treatment can be used on infected fractures with bone loss on a regular basis. Antibiotic cement spacers, used in conjunction with complete debridement, minimise the risk of infection. The graft is revascular ized through induced biomembrane. In most circumstances, union may be predicted; nonetheless, the length of time it takes to reach an agreement is a constraint. The technique is low - cost and does not necessitate any additional training or equipment. Despit e the fact that it is a two - stage procedure, it does not necessitate several surgeries as in traditional approaches.Item A Malignant Granular Cell Tumour with an Unusual Presentation: A Rare Case Report(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2022-09) Rajput, Kirti; Siddiqui, Bushra; Faridi, Shahbaz, Habib; Ahmed, Saqib; Shehwar, DurreA granular cell tumour is a tumour of neural origin and is mostly benign and rarely malignant and commonly found in the skin, oral cavity or digestive tract. This report describes a case of a 23 - year - old female with a palpable painless mass on the back near the left axilla with progressive growth. While her laboratory tests and radiological were within normal limits histopathological examination revealed round to polygonal PAS positive atypical cells with large vesicular nuclei and coarsely granular cytoplasm along with foci of spindling an d necrosis which on IHC were S - 100 and CD68 positive and negative for cytokeratin, desmin, EMA. Thus, rendering a diagnosis of a malignant granular tumour of primary origin. This case highlights the importance of accurate histopathological examination to r ecognise and further categorization of Granular cell tumours along with clinical and radiological correlation .Item Efficacy, Measurement and Comparison of Biosafety and Biosecurity Courses in mitigating emerging risks of COVID - 19 pandemic(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2022-06) Qasmi, Shamsul ArfinBackground: Biosafety & Biosecurity training in COVID - 19 pandemic proved beneficial for lab workers exposed to potentially infectious materials by increasing level of awareness. Essential that they be forewarned to the hazards and risks in working environment for bioh azards; how to save themselves (Biosafety) and safeguard the product (Biosecurity). Methods: Development of table of specification, national level involvement, selection through entry test, custom - made curriculum. Construction of 50 questions, pre - and fi nal post - assessment test ascertaining cognition level on the subject after completion of course. 15 questions for each session were also constructed to evaluate their initial cognition level and post session proficiency. There were eight contact sessions. Each session, pre - and post - assessments to ascertain impact of awareness. Results: Overall result of pre - test assessment of 50 questions was 33.0%, post - test assessment was 90.7%, indicating overall elevation of awareness ( 57.7%). Analysis of results (pre - and post) through a paired t - test yielded highly significant P value of 0.000001 . Likert scale for course and facilitator evaluation by Cronbach’s alpha, showed variables having maximum score > 0.8 , indicating the high results for feedback evaluation. Con clusion: Proper awareness of lab workers is mandatory for Biorisk management in keeping them biosafe which is additional benefit in the wake of pandemic.Item Association of Eating Disorder and Body Image Concern Among Female Students 16- 21 year of Age in Government Home Economics College, Lahore, Pakistan(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Shahzad, Saadia; Iftikhar, Ayesha; Sultana, Fakhra; Batool, Hafsa; Imran, Maryam; Asif, Rida; Azhar, SameenBackground: Eating disorders are more common in women, especially in teen age girls and young women are at greater risk as they are more preoccupied with their body shape and diet. Objectives: 1) To identify the presence of eating disorder risk among young females of 16-21 year of age 2) To determine association between eating disorder risk and body image concerns among females of 16- 21 year of age. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study conducted among young female students; in a period of four months. Sample size was 1200 female students 16-21 year of age. Non- probability sampling technique was applied, and purposive sampling was done to recruit the study subjects. Data collection was done on two standard questionnaires: EAT 26 for eating disorder and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-8) for body image concerns. Data analysis plan was: descriptive statistics calculated, frequency trends noted for eating disorder, behavior problem, and body image concerns, Bivariate analysis applied to identify association between EAT 26 scores and body image concerns. Results: 58% of the students were found to be at risk of having eating disorder, whereas 42% were not. Behavioral problem was present in 72% of the respondents; whereas absent in 27%. Conclusion: Highly significant association (P-value 0.001) was found between eating disorder and body image concerns, in the study population.Item Evaluation of Nephroprotective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Leaves of Aloe barbadensis against Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Shamim, Salman; Rana, M A; Arshad, N; Kumar, Amit; Islam, C NBackground: To evaluate the nephroprotective effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Aloe barbadensis against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats. Methods: In the present study 24 albino rats of 120-150gm were taken and these rats were divided into four groups. Group I and II served as vehicle control and negative control groups respectively. While group III (EEAB150) and IV (EEAB300) served as treatment groups, which were treated with 150 and 300mg/kg/day of ethanolic extract of Aloe barbadensis, 1 hour before each dose of gentamicin administration for 8 days. On the 8th day of Gentamicin administration (80mg/kg/day, i.p) blood samples for BUN, serum creatinine, urine creatinine and total protein were taken while the rat kidneys for antioxidant assay and histology were obtained. Results: In group II nephrotoxicity was confirmed by significant elevation of BUN and Serum creatinine while urine creatinine and total protein is significantly decreased compared to group I , while in treatment groups III and IV there is significant attenuation of elevated BUN and S. creatinine while urine creatinine and total protein tends to increase compared to group II. Also, there was significant changes observed in antioxidant markers in the treatment groups III and IV. Improvement in renal function was also confirmed by histology of rat kidneys. Conclusion: Ethanolic extracts of leaves of Aloe barbadensis possess nephroprotective effect against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity.Item Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Male Fertility : A Prospective Hospital Based Study(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Reddy, K SravanBackground: World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that smoking is very much prevalent among 30% of all 15 years and older men. Approximately 46% of smokers (men) belong to reproductive age (20∼39 years of age). A survey from 187 countries reported that the prevalence of smoking in male smokers was decreased from 41.2% in 1980 to 31.1% in 2012. Though, the number of everyday smokers increased from 721 million in 1980 to 967 million in 2012. Methods: Eighty male cases were included in this study. Out of eighty male cases 51 had low sperm count & 29 cases were normal. The study was conducted in Department of General Medicine, Kanachur Institute of Medical Sciences, Natekal Results: In the present study, low sperm count was occurred in 36.3% and normal sperm count was occurred in 63.7% cases. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that smoking has severe effects on male fertility. It decreased the sperm motility and sperm count and causes a further decline with continuation of smoking for more than five years.Item A Prospective Study on Incidence of Post- operative Wound Infection in Surgery Department(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Tarique, MohdBackground: Wound infection is the common and most troublesome disorder of wound healing. With new advancement in medicine, it is now possible to prevent and control infection. The use of antiseptics is considered to be a mile stone for safe surgery. Methods: Total 100 patients were included in this study which was divided in two groups that is group A & group B. This comparative study conducted in the Dept. of Surgery, LBKMCH, Saharsa. Results: Escherichia coli (52.3%) most common organism were found in post-operative wound infection followed by Staphylococcus aureus (28.5%), CONS (9.5%), Klebsiella spp(4.7%).,Pseudomonas spp. (4.7%). Conclusion: This study conclude that, prophylactic Antibiotics should be given in a justified manner as these play a major role in reducing the post-operative wound infections.Item Efficacy of Ketamine and Fentanyl Vs. Intrathecal Bupivacaine Post-operatively in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Hysterectomy: A Prospective Comparative Study(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Sharma, Sunita; Mishra, NavyaBackground: Although disturbing emergence reactions are associated with its use, ketamine has several clinically useful properties, including analgesia and less cardiorespiratory depressant effects than other anaesthetic agents, in fact it causes some stimulation of the cardiovascular system. Methods: Two group were included in this study i.e. Group A & Group B. Both group had 18 cases. This study conducted in Department of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital. Results: Demographic variables were compared between both groups A and B. Group A is A significant faster onset of sensory block was found in ketamine group in comparison to fentanyl group. (p-value<0.001). While the time to achieve the highest level of sensory block was found to be almost similar in both the groups. Conclusion: Addition of ketamine or fentanyl to spinal bupivacaine were equally effective in pain control after abdominal hysterectomy.Item Barriers of Treatment-Supporters for DOTS under RNTCP in District Shahdol, India: A Mix-Method Study(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Pandey, Rajesh; Singh, Akash Ranjan; Kabirpanti, Vikrant; Mishra, RajeshBackground: One of the challenges of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) has been that it has not been able to impart adequate knowledge, satisfactory attitude and desirable practices among treatment-supporters of rural and tribal communities. Present study was planned to explore the knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers related to Directly Observed treatment (DOT) provision among the treatment-supporters of Shahdol district, Madhya Pradesh in 2018. Methods: Mixed–methods study design of triangulation type was used among 30 community- based treatment-supporters of DOT from Sohagpur tahsil of district Shahdol of Madhya Pradesh, India. The cross-sectional quantitative component assessed the knowledge, attitude and practices and three focus-group discussions were used to explore the perceived barriers related to DOT provision. Results: ‘Adequate knowledge’ related to DOT provision was found in 37% of treatment- supporters, while 40% had “satisfactory attitude” and 60 % had “satisfactory practice” related to DOT. The focus-group discussions revealed, ineffective training, lack of supportive supervision, insecure monetary incentive, distant Public Health Institution/Designated Microscopic Center, language barrier and patient related stigma to TB disease as main perceive challenges related to DOT. Conclusion: Study revealed inadequate knowledge and unsatisfactory attitude and practice related to DOT provision among treatment-supporters. Effective training, making services accessible to patient, making RNTCP form in Hindi language and strengthening of honorarium disbursement mechanism are urgently required.Item A Study on Problematic Internet Use and Sleepiness amongst Students of a Medical College in Sikkim(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Singh, Bhanu Pratap; Sampath, Harshavardhan; Dutta, Sanjiba; Jaggi, Prabhleen SinghBackground: Problematic Internet use (PIU) has become a global social issue and can be regarded as an individual’s inability to control Internet usage which results in negative impact in daily life. Individuals who spent more time on surfing the Internet are likely to sleep late night and this further increases the level of tiredness. The present study was commenced to determine relationship between Internet uses and sleep patterns among medical college students. Methods: The present study was commenced among 149 undergraduate students studying at Sikkim Manipal Medical College. The severity of addiction to Internet was measured using Young’s Internet addiction test. Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) which consists of subjective sleepiness scale comprising of eight items was used to measure daytime sleepiness. Significance of association of Internet addiction and sleep disturbance was done by Fisher’s 2 sample t- test and a value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant value. Results: The proportions of boys who were pathological Internet addicts (moderate to severe) were 9.5%. For girls, the corresponding proportions were 7.5%. The prevalence of Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) was 20.1%. This study estimated the prevalence of pathological Internet using was 8.05%. Present study found an association between problematic Internet use and excessive daytime sleepiness. The association was statistically significant (p= 0.016). Conclusion: The present study shows that Internet overuse was strongly associated with EDS and other sleep problems in adolescents. Because the number of Internet addicts will continue to grow, clinicians should consider examining Internet addiction in adolescent cases of EDS.Item Evaluation of amputation risk in diabetic foot ulcer patients infected with Acinetobacter baumannii from a Tertiary Care Centre in South India(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Kesavan, Rajesh; Sasikumar, Changam Sheela; Chandrasekar, AravindBackground: Foot complications are found to be a significant frequent, complication of Diabetes mellitus. Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is gradually becoming dominant among Diabetes patients in urban population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical relationship of these gram negative bacteria and their resistance mechanisms in patients with diabetic foot and infected ulcer in India. Methods: An observational study of 532 patients with infected ulcers in diabetic feet was conducted in Hycare for Wounds a tertiary care centre exclusively dedicated for Wound care and Management between May, 2017 and April, 2018. Processing and identification was done as per standard guidelines. The bacteriological assessment was performed in deep tissue cultures and amputation was considered major when performed above the foot’s middle tarsus. Results: Out of 532 patients studied 350 were positive for bacterial growth. Commonest isolate was Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) species, Klebsiella and E. coli. We observed that 14 patients were infected with Acinetobacter baumannii and 50 % were carbapenamase producers. Clinical Outcomes: Out of 14 patients 6 were major amputees and 5 were minor amputees and the rest 3 patients are under medical management. Conclusion: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is a serious threat to Diabetic patients and can be considered as a risk factor for major amputation.Item Assessment of Risk Factors for Acute Asthma Attack in Asthmatic Patients: A Hospital Based Study(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Sharma, Ganeshee Lal; Choudhary, Gordhan SinghBackground: Asthma is categorized by the hyper activeness of the lower respiratory tract area. There is occurrence of specific signs and symptoms such as chest tightness, cough and wheeze. In major portion of the cases, the patient is symptomatic before the age of 5 years and the incidence of subjects becoming symptomatic after 40 years of age is only 25%. The chances of different respiratory conditions like asthma, COPD and rhinitis differs amongst different nations and also amongst areas of same country. The present study was conducted to determine the risk factors for acute asthma attack amongst asthmatic subjects. Methods: The present hospital based prospective survey was conducted in the department of T. B & Chest, Government Medical College, Barmer, Rajasthan, India. The study variables that were included in the study were history of smoking, crowing at home, age, gender, presence of pets, Kachha house etc. All the information was recorded in a tabulated form and analyzed statistically using SPSS software. For statistical analysis, chi square test was used. Probability value of less than 0.05 was regarded as significant. Results: The study consisted equal percentage of females and males. From the table we can conclude that majority of the subjects were illiterate. Tertiary level educated subjects made the least count amongst the study population. Smoking was a risk factor amongst 56.7% of the cases and 22.2% of the controls. Congested locality was a risk factor amongst 72.2% of the cases and 27.8% of the controls Conclusion: The study draws to the conclusion that there are various precipitating factors for acute asthma attack. In our study there was a no gender predisposition. The major risk factor was smoke, either as smoking or kitchen smoke.Item A Comparative Study to Compare the incidence of Post-Operative Pain in Patients Undergoing Haemorrhoidectomy with Lateral Sphincterotomy Vs. Haemorrhoidectomy without Lateral Sphincterotomy(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Saxena, Avanish Kumar; Gupta, Amrita; Kumar, Anil; Agarwal, Pulkit; Mangla, SandeepBackground: Haemorrhoids are common pathology of anal canal. Over the last few years, because of new surgical techniques, increased attention has been laid on Surgical Management of hemorrhoids, still open Haemorrhoidectomy remains the mainstay of treatment. Postoperative pain is one of the most common complications of open Haemorrhoidectomy. In our study we decided to compare the incidence of postoperative pain in open Haemorrhoidectomy with or without lateral sphincterotomy. Methods: To compare the incidence of post-operative pain in patient of open Haemorrhoidectomy with lateral sphincterotomy versus open Haemorrhoidectomy without lateral sphincterotomy. Results: In our study group A in which open Haemorrhoidectomy along with lateral sphincterotomy was done had statistically significant less postoperative pain at 6 hours and 24 hours postoperatively and on postoperative day 7 at the time of follow up with Chi square test (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Addition of lateral sphincterotomy decreased post-operative pain and also reduced the need for post-operative analgesia in a significant number of patients. Hence through this study, we concluded that in conventional open Haemorrhoidectomy, addition of lateral sphincterotomy is an effective, convenient, and simple way to reduce post-operative pain.Item Seroprevalence & Risk Factors of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital of Southern Rajasthan, India(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Sharma, Megha; Golia, Saroj; Mehra, S K; Jani, Manoj VBackground: Hepatitis B virus infection is a major global health problem and India accounts for 10- 15%of the entire pool of HBV carriers of the world. Prevalence of Hepatitis B in pregnant women worldwide is 2.5 to 1.5%, whereas in India it is 2 to 7%. Hepatitis B virus is a double stranded DNA virus. The study was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B among the pregnant women in southern part of Rajasthan at a rural based tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: This is a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, from August 2015 to December 2017.Blood samples were collected from 1011 pregnant women with age ranging from 15- 45 years. Screening of HBsAg was done by RPHA method and positive HBsAg tests were confirmed by ELISA. The data of those , who were found to be positive for HBsAg was statistically analyzed with the chi square tests, and results were considered significant if the p value was <0.05. Results: The overall HBsAg seroprevalence rate was 1.28%, among the total 1011 pregnant women included in this study. HBsAg seroprevalence was highest, (1.64%) in 15-25 years of age group, and 1.71% in the second trimester of pregnancy. The correlations of seroprevalence rate of HBsAg among selected age groups and according to second trimester of pregnancy were not found statistically significant. (p value>0.05) Conclusion: In this study the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen was 1.28%. To prevent vertical transmission in the pregnant women, they should be screened for HBsAg at the first antenatal visit for appropriate management.Item Retrospective Evaluation of Patients with Xerophthalmia Visited in Hospital(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Jindal, Ashok KumarBackground: The condition of xeropthalmia refers to the spectrum of ocular manifestations generally because of the vitamin A deficiency. Signs and symptoms include those involving impaired sensitivity of retina to light generally termed as night blindness. In order of their appearance and severity the epithelial disruption of cornea and conjunctiva for example conjunctival xerosis, bitot spots, corneal xerosis and keratomalacia. Methods: A detailed and elaborated study was conducted in the department ophthalmology, Swatantra Sainani late Dr. Mangal Singh District Hospital, Dholpur, Rajasthan, India. A total of 54 patients were studied and involved in the study over a period of 6 months. All patients were divided into three categories of mild, moderate and severe xeropthalmia. Patients from 13 years to 55 years of age were selected for the study analysis. An informed consent was obtained from each patient or from the guardian. All patients were asked to get a vitamin A test done. Results: A total of 54 patients so selected for the study analysis, 34 were female (63%) and 20 were male(37%).(Graph1). Accordingtotheclinicalvaluesandseverity23patientswerediagnosedwith mild xeropthalmia with slight difficulty in night vision and clinical values of 0.25-0.30 mg/L, 19 patients were diagnosed with moderate xeropthalmia with values of 0.20-0.24 mg/L and 12 patients were diagnosed with severe xeropthalmia with values of below 0.20mg/L of vitamin A in blood at any given time. Conclusion: Xeropthalmia can occur in any age group and especially in pre school-age children, adolescents and pregnant women. However, children are at higher risk of vitamin A deficiency and xeropthalmia, owing to their greater vitamin A requirements for growth.Item Impact of Topical Phytotherapeutic Effects on Elevated Level of Serum Creatine Kinase- Muscle as Risk Factor of muscular degeneration in Knee-Osteoarthritis: Part III. A Systematic Meta-Analysis(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Ganguly, ApurbaBackground: The knee-osteoarthritis (KOA) is a risk for muscular degeneration by the elevation of creatine kinase-muscle (CK-MM). The present study was aiming to normalize the elevated level of CK-MM by topical phytotherapeutic protocol correlated with anatomical measurements, the Kellgren- Lawrence (KL) grading systems of radiographic KOA, body mass index (BMI), overall improvement of pain under visual analogue scale (VAS) and pain, stiffness and physical function under WOMAC index. Methods: Baseline data from 108 patients (66.67 % females) with KOA aged 40-75 years old were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Bilateral anatomical measurements included the gap at the knee between the short head of the biceps femoris and the surface of the bed, diameter of muscles of thighs and calves, angles of straight leg raising, flexion and extension in different positions and BMI were measured using appropriate instruments. The elevated level of CK-MM, scored KL grading system and pain under VAS and WOMAC index were also evaluated at the baseline and after 42 days of treatment. Results: All the bilateral leg anatomical measurements were symmetry at the end of the 42nd session (P<0.0001). The significant changes were observed in VAS (P<0.00001), WOMAC index (P<0.0001), CK-MM level (P<0.0001), BMI (P<0.0001) and improvement of KL grading scores. Conclusions: The improvements of damaged leg muscles due to muscular dystrophy, connective tissue damage etc. confirmed with normalization of elevated serum CK-MM level, above mentioned anatomical measurements, BMI, VAS, WOMAC index and KL grading systems may be synergistic effect of phytochemicals during specific phytotherapeutic treatment protocol.Item A Prospective Study on Role of IV Amino Acid Infusion in Improving Pregnancy Outcome in Cases of Oligohydramnios(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Baxi, Kshiti; Bansal, ShaliniBackground: Adequate Amniotic fluid volume is essential for the normal growth and well-being of the foetus. Diminished liquor or oligohydramnios is quite often associated with abnormal foetal outcomes such as intrauterine growth restriction, foetal anomaly malpresentation, post maturity syndrome and foetal distress in labour Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PMCH, Udaipur during the period of March 2015 to February 2016. The study group comprised of 50 clinically and sonographically proven cases of oligohydramnios in third trimester attending antenatal clinic and those admitted in antenatal ward and clean labour room at random. Results: Maximum no. (72% of patients) were in age group of 20-25 years and only 2 patients were less than 20years of age. 68% cases were from urban and 32% were from rural areas, as urban population is more aware about prenatal care. higher incidence of oligohydramnios cases were belonging to lower and middle class families i.e. 44% and 40% respectively and only 8 patients were from upper socio-economic status. Conclusion: it is suggested that for idiopathic oligohydramnios, intravenous aminoacid may prove useful in reducing maternal morbidity and perinatal morbidity and mortality and improving pregnancy outcome in developing countries.Item Quality of Life after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis at Tertiary Care Hospital(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Venkata, Kovuri; Sudhakar, KrishnaBackground: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a pathogenic disease of infection commonly affected the ear, nose and throat. Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) has a serious negatively impact over quality of life of patients. Quality of life, nature of job and environmental conditions are the primary reasons of spread of rhinosinusitis. Most of the symptoms of CRS are not life threatening but generally these leads to poor quality of life by affecting the efficiency of individuals. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of ENT in tertiary care hospital among the 50 patients with clinical presentation, endoscopy examination and CT-scan changes of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) without a polyp. The history of the patients were taken and then the different ENT examinations were done like endoscopic examination of the nose and CT-scan imaging. All the surgeries like uncinectomy, middle meatal antrostomy, anterior and posterior ethmoidectomy, or opening of the sphenoid sinus were performed under general anesthesia with orotracheal intubation and hypotensive technique. All the patients were regularly given the postoperative antibiotic and nasal steroid treatments and reviewed regularly. Sinonasal Assessment Questionnaire - 11 (SNAQ-11) were used for the collection of data because this questionnaire contains 11 questions covering most of the symptoms of sinonasal diseases. Results: ‘Total 50 patients were included in this study among them 32 (64%) were male and 18 (36%) were females. All the patients was between 18-60 years among them 16 (32%) were the age group 25-35 years, followed by age group 35-45 years 14 (28%). The most common preoperative complaint of the patients was nasal obstruction (100%) patients, followed by nasal congestion (96%), facial pain (94%), running nose (90%), anterior nasal discharge (76%), and least complaint was sneezing (28%) and earache (28%). Conclusion: The study concludes, this study shows the significant outcome of improvement in the quality of life of patients in all the three subgroups of chronic rhinosinusitis which can be assessed by using SNOT-11 questionnaire. The Functional endoscopic sinus surgery performed in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis has statistically significant with the association of improvement in the QoL after twenty 24 month follow up. There is paucity of data so more studies are required to the scientific evidence gathered on the effectiveness of surgery offered to our population, as seen in studies performed in other countries.Item Evaluation of Physiology Teaching Methods in Chandrapur Government Medical College(Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, 2018-10) Loya, Namrata S; Jiwane, NiwruttiBackground: The primary goal of medical education is to produce quality doctors and not just quantity. Heightened focus on the quality of teaching in the new medical college has led to increased use of student surveys as a means of evaluating teaching. Aim: This study was undertaken to evaluate various teaching methods and skills adopted by a teacher in Physiology lectures by first year MBBS students of two successive batches admitted in newly established Chandrapur Government Medical College. Methods: A pre-validated questionnaire consisting of 18 questions was given to 100 first year medical students of first two successive batches towards the end of their academic year and feedback was taken in the form of selecting the most appropriate option applicable (OPTION: A = Always, M = Most Often, S = Sometimes, N = Never). Total numbers of A, M, S and N were calculated and given 3, 2, 1 and 0 marks for every A, M, S and N circled respectively. Maximum possible score was 54. 45 to 54 marks – Exceptional teaching skills, 30 to 44 marks – Superior teaching skills, 15 to 29 marks – Average teaching skills, 0 to 14 marks – Room for improvement. Results: In the first batch, maximum score was given for having clarity with the concepts and being audible, using simple language and audio-visual aids and explaining them their errors and how better they can perform. In second batch, apart from this, maximum score was given for relating the topic with their lives, giving examples, summarizing the concepts, asking them to answer questions, applying information in solving problems, encouraging them to learn in different ways, listening their comments, giving them feedback and finding out frequently whether every student has learnt the skills. Conclusion: Every medical teacher who delivers a lecture should make teaching meaningful with clarity in the concepts and audibility, promoting active learning by the students, understanding the individual differences, giving feedback at regular intervals and ensuring mastery in the subject.