International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics

Permanent URI for this collection

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/156149

Editor-in-Chief: Dr. Bhaven Kataria
ISSN: 2349-3283 (Print); 2349-3291 (Online)

Frequency: Quarterly

Language: English

Open Access Peer-reviewed journal

Web site: https://www.ijpediatrics.com/

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 1657

A 5-year-old girl case of spastic paraplegia type 56, a mutation in the CYP2U1 gene
(Medip Academy, 2024-04) Alotayk, Noura I.; Almunyif, Raghad M.; Moukais, Imad S.
This case report details the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 5-year-old girl from Saudi Arabia with Spastic Paraplegia Type 56 (SPG56) resulting from a novel mutation in the CYP2U1 gene. SPG56, a rare form of hereditary spastic paraplegia, exhibits genetic variability, impacting neurological and extra-neurological functions. The patient's clinical course involved a fall at age 2, subsequent motor deterioration, cognitive delays, and spasticity. Comprehensive diagnostic evaluations, including genetic testing, identified a homozygous likely pathogenic variant in CYP2U1. Despite outpatient therapy, the patient underwent a four-week intensive rehabilitation course to address spasticity and enhance daily living activities. This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing SPG56 and underscores the importance of genetic testing in complex neurodegenerative cases.
ABO/Rh incompatibility in neonatal jaundice: a tertiary hospital based cross sectional study
(Medip Academy, 2023-06) Khiangte, Lalrinkimi; Joseph, Dibin
Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, defined as a total serum bilirubin level above 5 mg/dl (86 ?mol/l). Haemolytic disease of the newborn due to blood group incompatibilities between mother and foetus is one of the commonest cause of hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn.Methods: A Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted among newborns admitted with jaundice.Results: In our study 51 cases of neonatal jaundice were due to ABO incompatibility and among them 24 were having O-A incompatibility and 27 were having O-B incompatibility. The mean serum bilirubin in patients with ABO incompatibility were higher (24.8) than those without ABO incompatibility.Conclusions: In the present study, one third of newborns with neonatal jaundice were having ABO incompatibility. The mean serum bilirubin in patients with ABO incompatibility were higher than those without ABO incompatibility. This highlights the importance of recognizing ABO Rh incompatibility in neonatal jaundice.
Academic stress and coping in high school adolescents
(Medip Academy, 2023-02) Pillai, Jitesh; Jose, Soumya; Velukutty, Bijumon A.; Riyaz, A.
Background: Education stress is widely recognized as one of the most important precursors leading to depression in adolescent life. This study explores the prevalence of academic stress among high school going adolescents, contributing factors and the coping strategies used by students. The finding of this study aids the teaching institutes to better the understanding of the stress due to present teaching methods.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 at both private and government schools of Kozhikode, Kerala. 371 students were selected randomly. A questionnaire was developed incorporating educational stress scale for adolescent (ESSA), academic stress scale (ASC) and simplified coping styles questionnaire (SCSQ).Results: 70.8% students have minimal stress, 25.8% moderate stress, 0.002% high stress, 0.02 did not have stress. Female participants experienced more stress compared to male participants (p value=0.04). Participants with less educated father (p value <0.001) and with less educated mother (p value <0.001) experienced more stress. Last year final exam grade (p value=0.005) and parental pressure (p value=0.008) were important factors contributing to stress. With regard to deployment of coping strategies 0.5% never used any coping strategies, 53.6% students used coping occasionally, 45% often used coping, 0.8% used coping frequently.Conclusions: Most of the children studying in high school have minimal to moderate stress. The main factors that contribute to stress more are female gender, low parental education level, and poor final exam grade. Positive association for factors like parental pressure with increasing age was present. Most of the students used different coping strategies to cope with the education stress. Students often use active coping strategies compared to passive coping strategies.
Accuracy of lead risk assessment questionnaire in predicting elevated blood lead levels in children
(Medip Academy, 2019-05) Sadasivam, Kanimozhi; Chinnasami, Balaji; Hariharan, Apurva; Ramraj, Balaji; Saravanan, Rahul; Saravanan, Ayyavoo
Background: Lead toxicity in children is a serious problem affecting their neurodevelopment. Although CDC mandates screening for lead toxicity regularly in children, India doesn't have any lead related public health program in place. In resource limited India a prescreening lead risk assessment questionnaire will be more economical than universal screening for blood lead levels (BLL). Authors aim to evaluate the accuracy of a validated modified CDC lead risk assessment questionnaire in predicting elevated BLL.Methods: Authors conducted an explorative cross-sectional study from July to August 2017 in 340 children aged 6 months to 6 years. A standardized self-administered questionnaire modified from CDC lead risk assessment questionnaire was administered in the children. Also, BLL were measured in all study subjects using lead care II analyser. Data from questionnaire were compared with BLL to test the accuracy of questionnaire.Results: Blood lead levels was high (>5ug/dl) in 57.9% of study subjects especially in children between 24-35 months. Employment in battery manufacturing companies (P=0.0001), usage of cosmetics (P=0.019), parental smoking history (P=0.001), involvement in painting, arts (P=0.0001) and malnourished children (P=0.018) were the risk factors associated with undesirable BLL. The modified questionnaire had a sensitivity of 87.9% and specificity of 66.7% for detecting elevated BLL.Conclusions: The modified CDC lead risk assessment questionnaire is a sensitive tool in identifying high risk cases of lead toxicity in children.
Accuracy of Shukla’s formula for depth of insertion of umbilical venous catheter
(Medip Academy, 2023-04) Dedeepya, Vegesna; Mounica, Gudavalli; Sravanthi, N. L.; Sumasree, Arigela; Lakshmi, B. Vijaya
Background: The use of umbilical venous catheter (UVC) is an essential part of neonatal care allowing delivery of intravenous fluids, nutrition, and medication. It is important to know the position of the UVC tip accurately at the first attempt to prevent complications and minimize handling. We aimed to determine the precision and accuracy of Shukla’s formula developed to guide UVC placement and to evaluate the probability of UVC placement at desired radiological markings using weight-based Shukla’s formula.Methods: This study was carried out at NICU in NRI medical college, a tertiary care center in Chinakakani, Andhra Pradesh, India. A prospective observational study was done from December of 2021 to September 2022. With an aim to study the accuracy of Shukla's formula in assessing the depth of insertion of UVC, depth was calculated and position of the tip of the catheter confirmed by x-ray.Results: We have taken 138 neonates in our NICU unit with mean gestational age of 33.91 wks. and with mean birth weight of 1.91 kg. Out of 138 infants 99 had a successful ideal UVC placement using Shukla's formula. In reference to gestational age out 83 newborns in gestational age between 32-36 weeks 62 had ideal placement of UVC. In reference to birth weight ideal position of the UVC was seen in 73% of newborns.Conclusions: Shukla’s formula provided a reasonably accurate probability of achieving ideal UVC position in most of our babies: accurate in 72%.
Acquired generalized lipodystrophy type 2-lawrence syndrome: a rare case report
(Medip Academy, 2020-02) K., Dhanalakshmi; S., Mohinish; B., Dakshayani; K., Mallesh
Lawrence syndrome (Acquired Generalized Lipodystrophy) is a rare disorder, characterized by various dermatological and systemic manifestations such as lipodystrophy, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatomegaly, acanthosis nigricans and acromegaloid features. Because of its rare occurrence we are reporting a case with similar manifestations in a 10 years old child.
Active disease in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: current patterns and associations: a one-year study
(Medip Academy, 2023-02) Rayhan, Sajib M.; Islam, M. Imnul; Kabir, Mohammad H.; Akter, Mahfuza
Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic ailment of children. JIA is characterized by idiopathic peripheral arthritis with an immunoinflammatory pathogenesis possibly activated by contact with external antigens. To describe the success of active disease (AD) and remission in polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and to measure the associations among patient characteristics, imaging results and these outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess the Active disease in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: current patterns and associations.Methods: This is an observational study. The study used to be carried out in the admitted patient’s Department of pediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh. In Bangladesh for the duration of the period from October 2015 to March 2017.Results: This study shows that the according to age of 33 patients aged 1 to 9 years. Here according to age distribution, 2 (6.1%) were 1-3 years, 10 (30.30%) were >3?6 years, 9 (27.27%) were >6-9 years and 12 (36.4%) were >9 years. And according to gender 13 (39.4%) were male and 20 (60.6%) were female.Conclusions: Children with polyarticular JIA spent the majority of their follow-up with active disease. Because children with early radiographic evidence of joint damage have the most active disease, improving outcomes for these subgroups may be an important goal for prospective study.
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a five-year-old girl: a case report
(Medip Academy, 2024-10) Ranabijuli, PK; Kamble, KB; Nazparveen, LA; Kumari, S.
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune-mediated demyelinating central nervous system disorder with a predilection to early childhood. ADEM is generally considered a monophasic disease. However, recurrence has been described and defined as multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis (MDEM). ADEM often occurs after infection or immunization and is clinically defined as acute polyfocal neurological deficits, including encephalopathy. Many times, ADEM is a diagnosis of exclusion, and early diagnosis and treatment are the keys to favorable outcomes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) typically demonstrates reversible, large, ill-defined white matter lesions of the brain and often also the spinal cord, along with frequent involvement of thalami and basal ganglia. CSF analysis may reveal mild pleocytosis and elevated protein but is generally negative for intrathecal oligoclonal bands. We report a case of five years six-month- old girl who presented with fever, vomiting, headache, and cough for seven days. She had one episode of involuntary passage of urine. The child was lethargic at presentation and was unable to stand or walk. Clinical features and investigations, including MRI brain and spine, were suggestive of ADEM. She was started on Inj. Methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisolone in tapering dose for four weeks. Clinical improvement was seen in the form of improvement in activity and power in limbs. The child improved with normal neurological function on day three of inj methylprednisolone. On follow-up for six months, the child did not have any relapse and had complete neurological and radiological recovery.
Acute encephalitis with flaccid paralysis following an adenoviral infection presenting as a rare variant of Guillain Barre syndrome in a school-age child
(Medip Academy, 2024-08) Loni, R; Alsindi, AM; Alfaw, AA; Fox, GP; Abbas, I; Lambert, IM; Lynch, B.
Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS), and Bickerstaff抯 brainstem encephalitis (BBE) are syndromes which represent a spectrum of post-infectious inflammatory immune-mediated diseases. They may share a common autoimmune pathogenetic mechanism presenting with progressive ascending weakness or flaccid paralysis affecting both pediatric as well as adult populations. MFS and BBE are rare variants of GBS that should be part of the differential diagnosis when relevant features are present. We present a case of a 6-year-old boy, presenting with a sore throat of one-day duration, associated with difficulty in swallowing, increased salivation and drooling, inability to speak or swallow following an adenoviral upper respiratory infection with exudative tonsillitis and diarrhea. Clinical evaluation showed weak gag reflex and cough reflex, hyperreflexia without clonus, upgoing Babinski reflexes, and hypotonia. A diagnosis of BBE was made based on specific neurological manifestations of hyperreflexia and drowsiness, serological studies, and MRI findings.
Acute hemorrhagic encephalitis in pediatric patient: a case report
(Medip Academy, 2023-07) Gavhane, Rushikesh; Jain, Abhishek; Pawar, Shilpa; Joshi, Trupti; Khaire, Prabha
Acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis (AHEM) is considered a rare presentation of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and is challenging to manage. ADEM is a rare illness with an incidence of 0.2�4 per 100,000 children annually. Here we discuss a case report of a 3-year-old patient who presented with the clinical features of ADEM. On neuroimaging patient had a rare form of ADEM as hemorrhagic encephalitis. AHEM incidence is very low in the pediatric age group with poor prognosis. With the use of immunosuppressants and immunoglobulin, the survival of the patient was possible.
Acute Illness Observation Scale in community acquired pneumonia in children aged 2 months to 59 months
(Medip Academy, 2020-06) K., Anoop; P., Sangeetha
Background: Pediatric respiratory disease remains an important cause of morbidity in both the developing and the developed world. Aim of the study is to validate Acute Illness Observation Scale (AIOS) in predicting illness severity and clinical outcome of community acquired pneumonia.Methods: This was a descriptive study done in a cohort of 248 children at the Department of Paediatrics, at a tertiary care hospital in Chennai. Children between 2 months - 59 months coming to outpatient department with suspected pneumonia, if satisfying the inclusion criteria were enrolled into the study. AIOS scoring is done on each subject on day 1, day 2, day 5 by two persons simultaneously in a reasonably quite state. Respiratory parameters, vital signs and pulseoximeter reading of each patient as in data collection form are documented.Results: Children scoring abnormally on AIOS (>10) had significantly higher frequency of severe tachypnea (p=0.001), marked chest retraction (p=0.001), grunting, cyanosis (p=0.01), lethargy, inability to drink and so on except incidence of convulsion and wheeze which didn't have any statistical significance. Severe hypoxemia associated with cyanosis (SpO2<85) was observed in 14 children of which 92.9% (13) scored a high value on AIOS (AIOS>15). Complications were absent in those who scored <10, while maximum complications were seen in those who scored >15.Conclusions: AIOS can be used as a tool to decide on therapeutic modalities and prognosticating a child with pneumonia admitted to the hospital by a physician.
Acute kidney injury in a critically ill influenza: a H1N1 infected child
(Medip Academy, 2019-07) Jayapalan, Dinesh Kumar; Geminiganesan, Sangeetha; Parthasarathy, Shruthi; Varadharaju, Niranjana; Bhaskar, Nithya
Influenza H1N1 infection is a globally recognized epidemic and is known for several extra-pulmonary complications. Here, for the first time we report a case of a six-year old male child with severe H1N1 infection with acute kidney injury. The child was referred to our center with fever, chills, cough and cold for 2 days. Investigations revealed H1N1 infection with deranged LFT and RFT with anuria. Child was subjected to mechanical ventilation and received higher antibiotics in addition to oseltamivir. The child underwent 13 cycles of hemodialysis and renal profile normalized after a period of 35 days. Our case highlights the importance of recognizing extra-pulmonary complications of H1N1 infection in the pediatric population and the preparation required by healthcare practitioners to reduce the associated mortality.
Acute kidney injury in paediatric intensive care: need for extended vigil
(Medip Academy, 2019-03) J., Saritha P.; P., Jayakrishnan M.; P., Ashraf T.; G., Geeta M.
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important contributor towards morbidity and mortality among critically ill children. The objective of this study was to ascertain the etiological factors, categorize the severity and determine the immediate outcome of AKI among children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary referral hospital in south India.Methods: A prospective study was conducted from January to December 2012 in the PICU, Government medical college, kozhikode, a major referral hospital in north Kerala. The institutional ethics committee approved the study. Children in the age group of 1 month to 12 years admitted to the PICU for at least 48 hours were included if they had no previous renal disease/AKI at the time of admission. Serum creatinine levels of the children were measured at the time of admission, at 48 hours, and one month later. Outcome measures included normalization of serum creatinine or persistence of impaired renal function. Mortality was assessed both immediately and after one month.Results: A total of 1716 children were included in the study, of which 107 children developed AKI (6.2%). Among the 107 children, 56 children (52.3%) were boys. Majority of children were infants 75(70.1%). Infection was the commonest underlying condition'' associated with AKI. Most of the children with acute kidney injury were in the earliest phase (Stage 1). Twenty-six children (24.29%) died. Among the survivors, 10% were found to have impaired renal function when followed up a month later.Conclusions: There is a high incidence of AKI in critically ill infants admitted in PICU. Residual renal impairment can persist even after discharge from hospital and these children need follow up for a longer time.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia after COVID-19 infection: a coincidence or a second hit
(Medip Academy, 2023-03) Agarwal, Pallavi; Balkaransingh, Pauline; Krishnan, Chandra; Smith, Erlyn
Since the advent of COVID-19 in 2019, the virus has affected all age groups and has a very wide clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic infection to serious life-threatening complications including multi-organ dysfunction syndrome in children. The virus tends to affect all organ systems including the hematological system. There are many contradictory views on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of hematological malignancies. Some studies have shown an increased incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after COVID-19 infection supporting the Greaves two-hit hypothesis of leukemogenesis, while others have shown a decline in the incidence of ALL postulated to be due to widespread lockdown and decreased exposure to environmental pathogens. We report the cases of three children who were diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia shortly after the initial diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) or COVID related transient erythroblastopenia of childhood.
Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood - an atypical disease with typical manifestations: a rare case report
(Medip Academy, 2024-08) Kumar, N; Sharma, S; Gautam, A.
Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) is a rare entity characterized by high grade fever, respiratory or gastrointestinal infection accompanying with rapid alteration of consciousness and/ or seizures. This case report will discuss the diagnostic approach in 2.5-year-old male child with fever, vomiting and altered sensorium. Empirical therapy for meningoencephalitis with supportive therapy was administered. Diagnostic approach of ANEC consists of clinical manifestation, laboratory examination, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, and neuroimaging interpretation. The patient had high liver enzyme, normal CSF analysis with appearances of edema, hemorrhage and necrosis with symmetrical lesion involving bilateral thalami in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Acute pancreatitis in a child with sickle cell anemia
(Medip Academy, 2020-05) D., Manoj Kumar; Choppari, Komalatha; Thomas, Suresh R. J.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a term used for a group of genetic disorders characterized by production of Hb 'S'. Sickle cell hemoglobin opathy occurs due to mutation of beta-globin gene situated on short arm of chromosome 11, where adenine is replaced by thymine in base of DNA coding for the amino acid in the sixth position in beta-globin chain. This leads to an amino acid change in beta chain of Hb molecule, from glutamic acid to valine. The result is profound change in the molecular stability and solubility of Hb 'S'. Authors are reporting a 8-year-old girl who is a known case of sickle cell disease presented with complaints of intermittent pain abdomen and vomiting since 30 days. Investigations revealed elevated pancreatic enzymes with radiological evidence of pancreatitis. Packed red blood cell transfusion and appropriate supportive therapy given and child recovered well.
Acute viral hepatitis in children: a prospective hospital based study
(Medip Academy, 2020-08) Sharma, Chandra Madhur; Gupta, Sanjay; Aggarwal, Bindu; Chaudhary, Piyush
Background: Viral hepatitis is a major public health issue throughout the world affecting millions of children despite the availability of vaccines, prophylactic measures and improved sanitation. The objective of the study was to analyze the etiology, clinical features, laboratory parameters and sonological findings of Acute Viral Hepatitis in pediatric population.Methods: A total of 88 children admitted in paediatric department and gastroenterology unit of medicine department with confirmed acute viral hepatitis from June 2016 to July 2018 at tertiary health care teaching hospital of north India were included. The patients were divided in 3 age groups; 1-5, 6-10 and 11-18 years. Clinical features, laboratory parameters, ultrasound findings were compared in three age groups.Results: Out of 88 cases 48 were boys and 40 girls. In the present study hepatitis A was the most common (85.2%) etiology. Jaundice (90.9%) is the most common symptoms followed by dark colored urine (86.3%), loss of appetite (83.3%) and fever (68.2%) reported in this study. Icterus (90%) is the most common sign reported followed by hepatomegaly (86%). Out of 88 cases 4 cases died. Out of 4 deaths, 2 cases of hepatitis A and 2 cases positive for Hepatitis B. The cause of death was hepatic encephalopathy in both the cases.Conclusions: Majority of cases in children were hepatitis A cases. Most of the cases were aged above 5 years with slight male predominance. Those cases with elevated liver enzymes (SGOT >5000) and those with PT INR >3.5 at admission has higher mortality.
Adequacy of traditional curette versus powered shaver for adenoid clearance: a comparative study
(Medip Academy, 2023-08) Kumaraswamy, Nagarathna Hosalli; Warhapande, Shruti S.; M., Saritha H.
Background: Adenoid growth is a prevalent aetiology of blockage of nasal passage in paediatric patients, and multiple techniques exist for their surgical removal. The objective of this investigation was to study the efficacy of the conventional curette versus the endoscopic guided powered shaver in the context of adenoid clearance.Methods: In this study, a comparative analysis was performed on a sample of 119 patients, consisting of two distinct groups. Group I-60 patients who underwent conventional adenoidectomy, while group II-59 patients who underwent endoscopic microdebrider-assisted adenoidectomy. The methods employed in this study were in accordance with established medical practises. The research evaluated outcome measures including surgical duration, haemorrhage, and perioperative and postoperative adverse events.Results: Group I, 17 (28.3%) received adenoidectomy as a standalone procedure, group II, 22 (37.3%) received adenoidectomy as a standalone procedure. An adenotonsillectomy was executed on 21 patients, accounting for 35% of group I, and 10 patients, accounting for 16.9% of group II. The study found that group I exhibited significantly reduced operation time and blood loss compared to group II (20.88�41 vs. 29.00�15 minutes and 13.47�02 vs. 18.64�16 millilitres, respectively). Intraoperative complications were observed in 10% of patients in group I and 5.1% of patients in group II. The group II participants exhibited a more rapid onset of symptomatic relief compared to those in group I. There was no evidence of recurrence in the cohort of patients who underwent endoscopic microdebrider-assisted adenoidectomy.Conclusions: Endoscopic microdebrider-assisted adenoidectomy is a superior and dependable technique compared to curettage, exhibiting improved clearance rates and patient contentment.
Adherence to the anti-epileptic drugs among children with epilepsy- a cross sectional study in a tertiary care hospital
(Medip Academy, 2023-01) Kaur, Baljinder; Singla, Anju; Kaur, Amandeep; Kaur, Surinder; Rai, Kulwant
Background: Epilepsy is the commonest chronic and highly stigmatized neurological problem that affects many children. It is defined by two or more unprovoked seizures. The main stay of the epilepsy management is the anti-epileptic drugs and strict adherence to anti-epileptic drugs is the key to successful treatment. The 70% of children will become seizure free with appropriate anti-epileptic drug (AED) treatment. The goal of treatment of epilepsy includes minimizing the risk of recurrent seizures and side effects, and maintaining normal psychosocial and educational/vocational adjustment. Our study will assess the level of adherence to AEDs in children and factor associated with non-adherence.Methods: A cross-sectional prospective descriptive design study, conducted in Government medical college and Rajindra hospital, Patiala, Punjab from December 2021 to May 2021. 60 patients were included in this study who gave written consent and had been taking at least one AEDs for at least 6 months. Only those patients with normal neurological and cognitive development and no other severe comorbidities were included in this study. Patients and their parents were individually administered a structured questionnaire consisting of personal and demographic Information, self-prepared questionnaire to check compliance and validated questionnaire called Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8). Data was analysed by using statistical package for social science software and p<0.05 considered as significant to see the association between factors and non-adherence.Results: The most common reason for non-compliance was problem in remembering that was seen in 41.8% of the patients. 21.8% of the patients had problems in sticking themselves and 18.6% had problems with buying the drugs. 60% patients are male.Conclusions: Poor adherence was seen in 50% of our study participants. In our study, patients were not stick to their therapy, buy the drugs or had problem to remember to take their medication.
Administration colostrum in preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants
(Medip Academy, 2023-06) Mannan, M. A.; Sihan, M. Nazmus; Afreen, Shazia; Rahman, Tareq; Shahidullah, M.; Choudhury Moni, Sadeka; Shabuj, Kamrul Hassan; Jahan, Ismat
Background: Oropharyngeal administration of colostrum has found to play a role in preventing the Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC), thus reducing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. We aimed to determine whether early oropharyngeal administration of mother’s own colostrum can reduce the rates of NEC and/or mortality in preterm infants.Methods: We conducted a randomized, placebo controlled, intervention study in Department of Neonatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from 2019 to 2021. Total 92 infants were enrolled, 52 were randomized to oropharyngeal administration of colostrum group and 40 to placebo group. Oropharyngeal administration of colostrum group received maternal colostrum (0.2 ml), after 24 hours of postnatal life and were given every 3 hour for the next 3 days. Serum IgA was measured at 24 hrs and 7th day of postnatal age. Clinical data during hospitalization were collected. SPSS version 21 was used for statistical analysis.Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable and almost similar between the two groups. There was significant reduction in the incidence of NEC stage 2, 16 (30.7%) vs. 26, (65%); p?=?0.001). There was significant reduction of age of achieving full enteral feeding (12.1±4.5 vs 19.5±7.5; p?=?0.001), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) 12 (23%) vs. 22 (55%); p=0.002, use of mechanical ventilators, 11 (21.1%) vs. 22 (55%); p?=?0.001 and number of inotropes (1.2±0.3 vs. 1.61±0.4975; p?=?0.002), duration of inotropes (19.7±14.2 vs. 36.5±17.5; p=0.002) in OAC group. However, there was no significant difference in probable sepsis, culture proven sepsis, survival rate and serum IgA level at 1st and 7th day in OAC group, compared to placebo.Conclusions: There was a positive effect in decreasing the incidence of NEC, but no significant effect was observed on survival rate. This intervention facilitates faster achievement of full enteral feeding, reducing the risk of DIC in preterm infants.

Browse

Browsing International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options