International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research
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Editor in Chief: Dr. B. Srinivasulu
ISSN: ISSN : 2322-0910 (Online) 2322-0902 (Print)
Frequency: 6 issues a year
Language: English
Online peer reviewed journal
Web site: https://ijapr.in/
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Item A A Clinical Study To Evaluate The Combined Effect Of Kesharsiddha Ghrit Nasya And Yog Basti Along With Tab. Pathyadi Ghanvati In Ardhavbhedaka W.s.r. To Migraine(Mahadev Publications, 2019-11) Kendre, Kranti; Salunke, AmrutMigraine is the disease of recurrent attack of headache which usually involves half of head. It is felt as throbbing type of pain and associated with various symptoms like, Nausea, vomiting, Photophobia etc. Its acute attacks are treated with different analgesics or ergotamine preparations. A modern medicine gives instant relief from symptoms but may cause drowsiness, insomnia, depression etc. As compare to that, Ayurveda has variety of natural plant medication and Panchakarma therapeutic procedures in management of Ardhavabhedaka. Thus, the study was selected to evaluate the efficacy of Ayurvedic Panchakarma therapy in migraine. The duration of the treatment was 30 days. Out of 17 migraine patients who were offered this Ayurvedic treatment, 12 patients completed total 30 days treatment protocol. Detail history and examination of each patient were done. Kesharsiddhaghrit Nasya and Dashmul kwath yog basti given along with Tab. Pathathyadi Ghanvati. Evaluation was done. Total disappearance of headache and associated symptoms at completion of treatment was observed in 66.66% patients. Mild episode of headache without need of any regular treatment was observed in 8.33% of patients. Low intensity of pain along with their regular treatment was observed in 16.66% of patients. Very mild improvement in 8.33% patients and no worst pain was noted in a single patient during treatment (0.0%); respectively. From the results and observation obtained from this study it can be concluded that Ayurvedic Panchakarma therapy showing better results in Ardhavabhedaka. No any harmful side effects were found during this entire study.Item Abhraka Bhasma A Boon Of Ayurveda To Mankind: A Review(Mahadev Publications, 2019-06) Bhokardankar, Prashant Sakharam; Mane, Sandeep Gorakh; Khairanar, Bhupendra PrakashAbhraka bhasma is a popular Rasashastra medicine in Ayurveda stream. It is basically herbomineral preparation used by all Ayurvedic Vaidyas since long time. Abhraka is basically Mica (Biotite). Bhasma is nothing but incinerated ash. Rasashastra is an Indian metallurgy which deals with several minerals and herbomineral preparations specially Bhasmas. There are several popular bhasmas in Ayurveda but there is great demand of this Bhasma in Ayurvedic vaidyas. Use of this bhasma is in multiple disorders, so could be consider as a major Ayurvedic drug. Published details scientific literature on Abhraka bhasma by various research scholars, internet & pharmacopeias were reviewed. The review was done to find physicochemical characteristics as well as standardization studies done on Abhraka bhasma. Also attempt is to made to find scientific studies done on Abhraka bhasma. Need of hour to evaluate its efficacy value as potential Ayurvedic drug in various disorders. As well as importance of Abhraka bhasma as an evidence-based drug. Review of literatures and scientific studies of Abhraka bhasma clearly indicate that there are lot of studies is done on Abhraka bhasma’s specially it’s physicochemical characteristics, standardization as well as it’s therapeutic uses. Abhraka bhasma is indicated in several ailments like Diabetes, Asthma, Paralysis, Neurological condition, Tuberculosis and Acid peptic diseases.Item Absence of Musculocutaneous Nerve: A Rare Anatomical Variation(Mahadev Publications, 2022-04) Kanthi, Giridhar M; Valsan, SunithaNeural variation of the brachium constitutes a significant anatomical and clinical entity. The absence of Musculocutaneous Nerve is occasional in humans and accordingly there may be unforeseen clinical implication regarding the atypical innervations of musculature otherwise supplied by the Musculocutaneous Nerve. The present study is an absence of Musculocutaneous nerve observed during our routine educational dissection, where the lateral cord of brachial plexus took over the area of supply of Musculocutaneous Nerve by giving both the muscular and sensory branches. Knowledge of these variations is important in surgeries and during the administration of regional anaesthesia near shoulder joint and upper arm.Item Achara Rasayana-a Behavioral Therapy In Ayurveda To Promote Health And Happiness(Mahadev Publications, 2018-01) Kumawat, Shreeram; Verma, Archana; Yadav, Sunil; Meena, K.L.Rasayana Tantra is one of the eight major divisions of Astang Ayurveda. In Ayurveda, one of the major methods of presentation of positive health has been described i.e. Rasayana. There are many activities that promote health and happiness by engendering positive emotions and experiences, which in turn promote the production of Ojas. These activities are included in Achara Rasayana . Ayurveda strongly emphasizes prevention, promotion, cure and rehabilitation. For this, it advocates to follow the principles of health, observation of principles – Dincharya (daily regimen), Ritucharya (Seasonal regimen), Ratricharya (Night routine), Sadvritta and Achar Rasayan (Ethical and Moral activities), Aahar (Food), Nidra (Sleep) and Brahmacharya (Regulated Action). Achara Rasayana is described in various texts. It means good conduct. It signifies the physical and mental conducts of a man and it has been designated as an Rasayana – a vitalizer agent for entire span of life. This is a measure having no involvement of drugs and if it is sincerely taken into practice, it may replenish and maintain total life process free from ailments. A careful analysis of qualities of Achara Rasayana reveal that most of them are related with Mana, Dhi, Dhriti along with good conduct and these results in maximum benefit. The principles of Achar Rasayana are more relevant today than ever. It goes into the heart of the issue we are trying to overcome in order to be well and healthy. Environmental toxicity and the food chain we are accustomed to have threatened our lives. The integral connection between nature and man is an understatement.Item Action Mechanisms Of Antibiotics Vs Natural Ingredients Against Microbes(Mahadev Publications, 2020-02) Kamathewatta, Manika DulanjaliAntimicrobial resistance is being identified as one of the major threats in the health sector and to humans. The main reason of development of the resistance is established as acceleration of the natural evolution of the bacteria due to unnecessary constraints provided by the antimicrobial agents. After exploiting and exhausting the available antibiotics, development of new antibiotics is proven to be an expensive and difficult task and therefore alternative solutions such as use of nanoparticles, bacteriophage, natural ingredients, and new mechanisms such as quorum sensing ability were staged. It is important to identify the mechanism by which each of these new ingredients act in bacteria and reaction in the host environment to avoid similar misuses and creation of resistance. This review focuses on summarizing action mechanisms of antibiotics and resistance mechanisms of microbes and gathering probable action and resistance mechanisms of herbal ingredients. Antibiotic action is mainly obtained by inhibiting a bacterial structure or specific metabolic activity that is necessary for survival of bacteria. Some plants in contrast do not focus on inhibiting bacteria but minimizing the effects on host by nullifying the toxins and improving the immunity. Some other plants can disrupt the communication between bacteria and biofilm formation. One of the most important ability of some herbal ingredients is to overpass the resistance and they are called inhibitors. With the inhibitors there are new possibilities of reintroducing antibiotics. Plants with bactericidal capacity must use carefully to avoid creating resistance and should conduct further research for calculating proper dosages.Item Added Effect of Pratimarsha Nasya with Ksheerabala Taila (14 Aavartita) over Selected Yoga Techniques in Insomnia(Mahadev Publications, 2023-01) V, Vrinda; Sunitha, V K; Bhadran, SajithaInsomnia is a prevalent psycho physiological sleeping disorder, included in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-2 (ICSD-2). By definition insomnia is a difficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep, or both or the perception of a poor quality sleep. Insomnia leads to various social, interpersonal and occupational impairments. Clinical studies have proven that Yoga is effective in insomnia. Present study was to find out the added effect of Pratimarsha nasya with Ksheerabala taila (14 Aavartita) over selected Yoga techniques in relieving insomnia. As per Acharya Susrutha in Chikitsa Sthana, doing Pratimarsha nasya daily during evening hours (Sayamkala) renders Sukhanidraprabhodanam. A pre-post interventional study was performed in 40 participants both male and female, satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of 40 participants, 20 each were randomly allocated to Group I and Group II. In Group I, Pratimarsha nasya using Ksheerabala taila (14 Aavartita) was administered 1ml in each nostril at evening time along with the practice of selected yoga techniques during morning hours. In Group II, only selected Yoga techniques were advised. The study period was for 30 days. The pre & post changes in mean score value was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score. The data was analyzed using unpaired t test, and was statistically significant with a p value ?0.01. Thus the added effect of Pratimarsha nasya with Ksheerabala taila (14 Aavrtita) over selected Yoga techniques in insomnia is more effective than selected Yoga techniques alone.Item Adulteration And Need Of Substitution Of Raw Materials – A Review(Mahadev Publications, 2018-07) Shahane, Snehal; Tekade, Anand; Dive, Mukund; Daulatkar, KavitaExperiencing challenges of modern medicine, globe is shifting towards the Ayurvedic theory of health management. In the treatment of disease use of medicine is practiced rampantly. This increased the demand of raw material exponentially. But, growth in production is still linear in nature. Fast depletion of resources is creating the major trouble. To meet the deficit, practices of adulteration and substitution are going on wildly. This adulteration and substitution became burning problem in industry threatening the integrity of Ayurveda. The deforestation, extinction or evolution of many species, insufficient knowledge, unauthenticated practices about identification, collection, storage and transport of raw material collectively resulted in adulteration. Strategic planning and integrated approach towards mass production, supply chain management, IEC, proper advocacy and knowledge sharing is needed to trim down the gravity of adulteration. “Prevention of Food Adulteration act 1954” describes technical definitions and guidelines for quality maintenance. Government is enforcing quality maintenance by implementation of “The Drug and Cosmetics Act 1940” For quality assurance, proper pharmacovigillance monitoring of raw materials and processes is very necessary. The concept of substitution is known in Ayurveda as it is enlightened prominently in Bhavprakash and Yogratnakar. However in scenario of crises, selection of substitute drugs may have upper edge over adulteration of the raw material. Scope of this article advocates that how adulteration and substitution are creating problems with respect to production of inferior quality medicines.Item Age Related Neurodegenerative Disorders w.s.r to Dementia(Mahadev Publications, 2022-07) Kantharia, Shivaranjani J; Gupta, SN; Patel, K. B.Aging can be defined as the gradual anatomical and physiological decline which begins to after the achievement of sexual maturity. Vriddhavastha (senility) is Vata dosha prominent phase of life. Gunas (qualities) of Vata dosha are degenerative by the nature which is increased; they result in degenerative changes in the body in terms of Dhatukshaya, Ojakshaya and Balakshaya which result in Neuro degeneration. Dementia is the progressive deterioration of intellect, emotional control, behavior and motivation along with loss of memory. Vriddhavastha (aging) is Vata dosha prominent Avastha. Vata has some Guna (qualities) that get involved in the degenerative process in the body like Laghu guna and Khara guna which is act as Lekhaniya (scraping), Vishada guna has Kshalanashakti (elution power) and, Ruksha guna has Shoshanashakti (absorbability), etc. With increasing Vata dosha, these above Gunas are also be increased, might be together or separately and will initiate the process of degeneration in the body in the terms of Dhatukshaya, Ojakshaya and Balakshaya causing various degenerative diseases. Dementia is one among them. Symptomatology of dementia are similar to Vata vriddhi lakshana, Vata nanatmajavyadhi and Ojakshaya lakshana. Manifestation of the disease condition is purely due to degenerative changes in senile periods. The disease condition is not a reversible but with the healthy changes in dietary habits and lifestyle, the disease condition might be preventable and delayed.Item Allergic Rhinitis: A Critical Modern Review(Mahadev Publications, 2022-02) Chanchal, Narender; Kaul, Smriti; Agrawal, Riju; Singh, Daya ShankarAllergic rhinitis addresses a hyperactivity of the resistant framework in any case harmless particles making a fiery reaction where none is required. Allergic Rhinitis is clinically represented by a mixture of two or additional nasal symptoms: running, blocking, itching and sneezing. Allergic rhinitis is regularly partitioned by age, seriousness, and duration of symptoms. Investigation represents how epidemiologic evaluations on the commonness of hypersensitive or allergic rhinitis shift considerably with whether both clinical appraisal and testing were utilized to make the determination. The treatment of allergic rhinitis should combine allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy and allergen immunotherapy. Treatments of allergic rhinitis include intranasal corticosteroids, oral and topical antihistamines, decongestants, intranasal cromolyn, intranasal anticholinergics. First-generation and Second-generation oral antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids are the most effective modality for treating allergic rhinitis. Immunotherapy is an efficient immune-modulating treatment that ought to be counseled if pharmacologic medical care for allergic rhinitis isn't effective or not tolerated. This article provides an overview of the prevalence, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and appropriate management of the allergic rhinitis.Item An An Enumerative Study On Garbha-avkranti From Susruta-sharira Wsr To Langman’s Medical Embryology(Mahadev Publications, 2019-06) Sharma, Giriraj G; Sharma, PoojaThe Garbhaavkarnti is the stage that describes the process of the growth of cell from intra-uterine life to post natal stage. The Garbhaavkranti mainly deals with the pre-natal life i.e. the foetal period and other related processes. This period is minutely envisioned by Langman’s medical embryology, and in Susurta Sharira we have got more detailed version of pre-natal period. The Garbha-avkranti word signifies the Garbh i.e. zygote and Avkranti or Avatarana i.e. different stages of development of zygote. Garbhaavkranti is a process in which different stages of formation of Garbha is mentioned. Garbha (zygote) is formed from the uniparental inherent cells known as sperm and ovum. There are some special characteristics that combine or fuse together along with 24 other Gunas like Avyakta, Mahana, Ahankara, Prakriti Tatva and Bhava i.e. gene and chromosomes. There is no single way that may lead to the formation of Garbha. Matraja Bhava (maternal inheritance factor) is present in Aartava which further shows the quality of Aagnaya feature i.e. the mitochondria of ovum. The importance of embryology at that time was known by Susruta & the criteria for good progeny & the process by which embryo develops was all known to them in subtle level. It is fascinating to conclude that they knew about all this without the technological advances which are available today. The importance of healthy mother & father in phase of conception is shown in this Garbhavkranti. This gives the idea of unhealthy reasons and gives broad scale treatment for infertility cases. The Garbhaavkranti (embryology) is always a matter of mondo concern to medical field. So, in this article the Susurta Sharira Grabhavkranti is discussed precisely thereby referring to Langman’s medical embryology for testimonial based study.Item Analogizing Of Metabolic Syndrome In Siddha System Of Medicine-a Literature Review(Mahadev Publications, 2020-01) K, Samraj; P, Sathiyarajeswaran; S, Rajalakshmi; K, Nandhagopal; S, Radha; K, Arunachalam; K, KanakavalliBackground: In worldwide, 20-25% of the population have the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The highest prevalence rate reported in South Asia of MetS in the Punjabi community in India by Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major and escalating public-health and clinical challenge worldwide in the wake of rapid urbanization, surplus energy intake, increasing obesity, and sedentary life habits. Nowadays, the use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is increasing rapidly due to the inadequate solution for the newly developed health issues. Method: In this study, the International Diabetic Federation (IDF) criteria were used as a standard tool for comparison. A total of 9 sources (4 Siddha classical textbooks, e-data such as pub-med, Google scholar, AYUSH research portal, NAMSTP) were searched to identify the appropriate analog for MetS. Results: 13 Terms related to MetS were identified from the 4 Siddha classical literature, whereas the e-data did not provide any term related to MetS. In those 13 terms, 3 terms which were closely relevant to MetS signs and symptoms were Aiya Migu Kunam, Paci Aiya Noi, and Megam. As a final point, this paper identified the Siddha analog for MetS as Aiyamigukunam. Conclusion: This paper ended up with analog to MetS as Aiyamigukunam and made a comparison with the standard IDF criteria for MetS.Item Analysis of Dyslipidemia as per Ayurveda and its Management(Mahadev Publications, 2022-11) A, HridyaDyslipidaemias refers to any abnormality in the level of circulating plasma lipids. It is an extremely significant condition, majorly because of its contribution to atherogenesis. It is an independent and modifiable risk factor for CAD and stroke. More than half of global cases of ischemic heart disease are associated with dyslipidemia. Quality of care for dyslipidemia is suboptimal in general and variable by cardiovascular disease risk group, ethnicity and gender. In modern medicine, there are effective dyslipidemic drugs which give rapid relief, but may cause some long term side effects. So there is a need for safe alternative treatment which may be effective in reducing lipid level, for prolonged use. In Ayurveda, dyslipidemia can be considered as a condition in which Kapha, Medas and Rasa are pathologically deranged due to Ama. There is defective Medo dhatu poshana due to Dhatwagnimandhya and formation of Ama at the level of Medo dhatu. It can be considered as presumable level of stage of Samprapti or a morbid state which may cause disease, but not attained a full status of disease. Nidanas include Beejadushti, Ahara – vihara –vikara and Manasika nidanas. Lipid profile can be brought back to normal by correcting Agni and ensuring proper Dhatuparinama. Treatment modalities include Nidana parivarjana, Sodhana, Samana, Rasayana and following Pathyapathya. Drug having Kaphamedohara, Deepana, Pachana, Ruksha and Lekhana property is useful to treat this clinical condition.Item Analysis Of Effect Of Amla Rasa (sour Food) In Different Concentrations On Mamsa Dhatu (muscle Tissue)(Mahadev Publications, 2018-07) Kumar, Akshay; Kekuda, Prashanth; Kulkarni, Pratibha; M, Ravi; Bhat, SudhakarIt is said that one should consume Shad-Rasayuktha Ahara for better nourishment. The nutritive value of the 6 Rasas (taste) has been explained in the classics of Ayurveda along with their harmful effects when used in excess. When Amla Rasa is taken in excess it produces Dantaharsha (Morbid sensation of teeth), Trishna (thirst) etc. Objectives - The present study is designed by administering Amla Rasa Pradhana Drvya given in different concentration 10% and 15% and effect on the Mamsa Dhatu is assessed by certain blood parameters. Material and Methods -Wistar strain albino rats of either sex, weighing of 200-300 g. Obtained from S.D.M Centre for Research in Ayurveda, Udupi, Karnataka. 5Groups were taken and Group 1 is Control, Group-2 is 15% Chincha, Group-3 is 15% Vrukshamla, Group-4 is 10% Chincha, Group-5 is 10% Vrukshamla which receives drug and laboratory food for 28days, next day blood was collected by supra-orbital puncture with the help of micro capillary tubes under mild ether anesthesia. Results - There was increase in the Total Protein, Serum Albumin and serum creatinine levels and decrease in Serum globulin, Serum Urea level and Body weight. Conclusion – the study suggests that there is catabolic action of the Amla Rasa on the Mamsa Dhatu and anabolic act action on serum protein especially at the level of liver, so there will be a loss of muscle tissue which suggests Mamsa Vidhahyati action.Item Analytical Profile of Kanchanara Guggulu Tablets Prepared as per References in Sharangadhara Samhita and Bhaishajya Ratnavali(Mahadev Publications, 2022-07) Sunny, Sini Elizabeth; Lakshmi, S. TharaMarketing of Guggulu, an exudate obtained from the plant Commiphora mukul and its preparations is a great concern of different ayurvedic pharmaceutical houses due to its adulteration, substitution and non-availability of genuine samples. Standardization of raw drugs and formulations with modern analytical tools increase their scope, acceptance and scientific validity. In the present study, an attempt was made for the physicochemical analysis of Kanchanara guggulu tablets (having Guggulu as the major ingredient) prepared as per references in Sharangadhara Samhita and Bhaishajya Ratnavali to develop an analytical profile of the formulation. The study was based on the standard analytical parameters proposed by API and PLIM. Six samples of tablets were prepared as per two references (three for each reference) which were available in market following the same manufacturing procedures. The study comprised of three stages- pharmacognosy of raw drugs, pharmaceutical work and analytical study. The analysis was done using the parameters like organoleptic evaluation, weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time, ash values, extractive values, loss on drying, pH, HPTLC and microbial contamination and an analytical profile was developed as per both references.Item An Analytical Review on Health Benefits of Prenatal Yoga for Mother and Foetus(Mahadev Publications, 2023-03) Patni, Kalpana; Sinha, GauravPregnancy is a physiological condition in which would be mother changes both from inside as well as outside. Yoga in pregnancy can help the women to balance through these physical, mental and emotional challenges. Embracing yoga during pregnancy provides multi dimensional benefits to mother and baby. Yoga calms the mind, revitalizes the energy and prepares the woman physically and mentally for delivery. Various respiratory exercises (Pranayama) and physical postures (Asanas), performed by a pregnant woman under expert supervision, can help in harmonized relaxation and contraction of uterus, increase the strength, flexibility and endurance of muscles needed for childbirth,. They devour low energy and afford greater benefits. Also Yoga-sasanas can minimizes the complication of pregnancy, like pregnancy induced hypertension, intrauterine growth retardation and pre-term delivery. Yoga calms the mind, re-energies and prepares the mother physiologically, mentally and emotionally and for labour. Yoga is also helpful in improving sleep pattern, reduces lower back pain, nausea, headaches and shortness of breath. Simple stretching exercises encourage circulation, help fluid retention, and relieve stress. Yogic exercises can help pregnant women recover faster post-delivery. Different type of postures, mentioned in Ayurvedic and Yogic texts that can be comfortably performed in pregnancy. They consume lower energy and give better benefits. Yoga is useful for a variety of immunological, behavioral and psychosomatic conditions. Various research studies regarding the utility of yoga interventions for pregnancy shows that it is helpful in improving pregnancy and birth outcomes. Numerous clinical studies shows that yoga may produce improvements in stress levels, quality of life, aspects of interpersonal relating, autonomic nervous system functioning, and labour parameters such as comfort, pain, and duration.Item Analytical Standardization Of Triphaladi Taila(Mahadev Publications, 2018-10) Pudi, Ramkumar; Ch. SridurgaAnalytical study plays an important role in the standardization of the drugs. Ayurveda, the ancient system of medicine is gaining recognition throughout the world and many herbal, metal and mineral drugs are now clinically tested and accepted. However, one of the impediments in the acceptance of the ancient systems of medical preparation is the lack of standard quality control profiles. The quality of the drugs, that is, the profile of the constituents in the final product has implication in efficacy and safety. The Sneha kalpa are par excellent to other dosage forms due to their wider advantages like increased absorption and extraction of fat soluble active principles. Sneha kalpas are the only dosage from which can be administered conveniently both internally as well as externally. Triphaladi Taila is an important herbo mineral formulation mentioned in Rasaratnakara indicated for the management of the disease Palitya as Kesharanjaka. The ingredients present in the 揟riphaladi Taila� are Sodhita Lauha churna, Triphala churna, Bhringaraja swarasa and Tila taila. Shodhana, Swarasa nirmana, Kalka nirmana, Churna nirmana and Snehapaka and are the main pharmaceutical procedures employed in the preparation of Triphaladi Taila. To assess the safety and to understand the physico chemical properties, organoleptic tests, moisture content, refractive index, fat, Iodine value, pH value, Saponification value, Acid value, ash value, weight/ml, viscosity, iron, volatile oil and microbial tests as well as chromatographically (TLC) for developing standards.Item An Analytical Study Of Histopathological Findings Of 100 Cases Of Fistula-in-ano(Mahadev Publications, 2018-03) Bhuyan, Reetashri; Barman, P.K.Fistula-in-ano is one of the most difficult diseases confronted in ano-rectal patients in Shalyatantra OPD. Sushruta described Bhagandara along with its etiology, clinical presentation and treatment. The description of different types of Bhagandara (fistula-in-ano) are at par with the aetiopathogenesis of Fistula-in-ano of modern medical science. It is a very complicated condition arising out of various causes like pyogenic, tubercular, lymphogranuloma inguinale, inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis etc. Identification of the aetiopathological factor is necessary for the success of treatment of fistula-in-ano. Histopathological study of tissue from tract of fistula-in-ano is an useful diagnostic tool for assessing the underlying pathology. In this study we use the benefits of histopathological examination from the primary site of the disease to detect the basic etiology. 100 cases diagnosed as fistula-in-ano attending Shalya OPD, Government Ayurvedic College Hospital were randomly selected for a period of one year i.e 2016-2017. After necessary investigations, tissue is collected from the primary site of fistulous tract during primary threading for Kshar Sutra therapy, in OT under local anaesthesia and sent for histopathological examination. The results of the above study were tabulated and lots of cases other than pyogenic cause were detected. The data were analysed with standard statistical methods. Without histopathological examination it is not possible to detect the underlying cause of fistula-in-ano.Item Analytical Study of Natakusthadi Yoga with special reference to Their Vishaghna Effects(Mahadev Publications, 2022-10) Pattanaik, Jina; Wankhede, Sukeshini P; Chalakh, SonaliNata & Kushta medicinal plants are easily available in Indian diaspora and both are widely used in many Agada as Vishaghna dravya mentioned in classical texts. Both have reported acetylcholinesterase and Phospholipase A2 enzyme inhibiting property in many Research studies. The quality of Nata, Kustha & Nata Kustha Yoga was evaluated based on organoleptic, physico-chemical, and microbial quality parameters. Loss on drying at 105°C, Total ash, Acid Insoluble ash, Alcohol-soluble extractive, Water-Soluble extractive, HPTLC and pH value parameters were evaluated as per WHO guidelines, Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia and Indian pharmacopoeia. Analytic analysis of Nata, Kustha & Nata Kusthadi Yoga in this study found to be under standard limit. Standardization test done on Natakusthadi Yoga helped in authenticating the preparation and in ensuring quality of the same. The Natakusthadi Yoga prepared by following standard operative procedures should have Loss on drying at 105°C, Total ash, Acid Insoluble ash, Alcohol-soluble extractive, Water-Soluble extractive and pH value is 2.1%, 4.8%, 0.32%, 42.9%, 37.8% & 5.5 respectivelyItem Analytical Study Of Yashtayadi Lepa In Vidalaka Karma(Mahadev Publications, 2020-01) Negi, Ranjana; Sharma, GunjanLepa is considered as an important and initial Chikitsa in reference with Vranashotha chikitsa described by Acharya Sushruta and when the Lepa is applied around the outer surface of eyes it is termed as Vidalaka. Vidalaka a type of Kriyakalpa therapy which is mainly indicated in acute inflammatory conditions of eyes such as Daha (burning sensation), Updeha (discharge), Ashru (watering) Shopha (swelling) and Raga (redness). Different formulations are given in classic texts for eye diseases and one among them is Yashtayadi lepa mentioned by Acharya Sharangadhara in Sharangadhara Samhita. It is described as Sarvanetrarujahara Yoga and consists Yastimadhu, Gairika, Saindhav, Daruharidra and Rasanjana as its main ingredients. Yashtyadi lepa was prepared as per the guidelines given for Lepa in API (Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India) and analyzed using various standard physico-chemical parameters given for Lepa such as Loss on drying, Ash value, Water extract value, Alcohol extract value and pH. There is no standard guidelines is given for pharmaceutical analysis for Yastyadi Lepa in API. With this background the present study was undertaken to find pharmacognostical and physicochemical qualities of Lepa as recommended in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (API) and to use them as reference for future studies on Yashtyadi Lepa for different ocular diseases.Item Anti-inflammatory Activity Of Aqueous Bark Extract Of Thespesia Populnea In Rats(Mahadev Publications, 2019-12) Sewwandi, U.D.S.; Ediriweera, E.R.H.S.S.; Ratnasooriya, W.D.This study examined the oral anti-inflammatory potential of aqueous extract of Thespesia populnea Linn bark. Soland. Ex. Corr. (Family: Malvaceae) which is used by Sri Lankan native practitioners to treat skin ailments and arthritis. This was tested in conscious male Wistar rats using carrageenan induced paw edema model and three oral doses; 1250, 2500 and 5000mg/kg. Indomethacin was used as the reference drug. The result showed that the aqueous extract of bark significantly P<0.05 and dose dependently inhibited both early (1-2 h) and late phase (4-5 h) of inflammation in the carrageenan model. In addition, it inhibited the intermediated phase (3 h). The anti-inflammatory activity of the highest doses of extract was comparable to that of indomethacin. The extract did not display overt signs of toxicity and was neither hepatotoxic, renotoxic nor hematotoxic even with chronic administration. It is concluded that aqueous bark extract of Thespesia populnea can function as an orally active, safe and potent anti-inflammatory agent.