National Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences
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Editor: Dr. Syed Esam Mahmood
ISSN Online: 2319 – 6335
Frequency: Semi-annually
Language: English
Open Access Peer-reviewed journal
Web site: https://njmsonline.org/
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Browsing National Journal of Medical and Allied Sciences by Issue Date
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Item Utilization of maternal and neonatal care services in rural Lucknow: a community bases cross sectional study.(2016) Yadav, Arun Kumar; Gupta, Pratibha; Shrivastava, Mrinal Ranjan; Prakash, Daya; Yadav, Krishna Kumar; Srivastav, SushilIntroduction: In India, report says that we failed to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. The maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate in developing regions are approximately 15 times higher than developed countries. Hence safe delivery and essential newborn care, besides neonatal care in domestic setting and timely referral for cases unmanageable are important areas to be addressed. This study was aimed to assess the current pattern of utilization of maternal and neonatal care services in rural areas of Lucknow. Material and Method: This community based cross sectional study was conducted in between August 2014 to July 2015. Study site was rural area of Lucknow. The study unit was a recently delivered woman, defined as a woman who gave live birth in last one year. A multi stage random sampling technique was used. We uses SPSS version 17 for our statistical analysis. Results: We interviewed 368 RDWs and found that 10.6 % of RDWs did not visit even once to health care facility and almost 62% of registered RDWs were registered early. About 70% RDWs completed at least three ANC visits, 67.7% received complete course of tetanus toxoid and 79.1% received at least one hundred of iron and folic acid (IFA) tablets. Approximately 90% deliveries were conducted by qualified physicians in government institution. There was a clear reduction in facilitating services by health care workers before and after delivery. We found that age less than 30 years, higher socioeconomic strata, educational level higher than matriculation of RDWs were likely to complete their ANC cares and these associations were statistically significant. Conclusion: We are still far away from health for all. To achieve SDG, a multi prong approach is need of hour.Item Laparoscopic appendectomy versus open appendectomy: A randomized prospective comparative study.(2016) Rawat, Abhishek; Nigam, Dharmendra KumarIntroduction: Laparoscopic Appendectomy confers advantages to the patient in terms of fewer wound infections, less pain, faster recovery and earlier return to work. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare advantages and disadvantages between laparoscopic Appendectomy and open Appendectomy in general surgical practices. Materials and methods: A two year randomized, prospective comparative study of Laparoscopic Appendectomy versus Open Appendectomy was done in the Department of Surgery, M.G.M medical college & L.S.K. hospital, Kishanganj, Bihar. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Chisquare test was applied. Results: Wound infections in LA group was 9% and OA group was 20%. Intra- abdominal abscess in LA group was 9% and OA group 1.8%. Adhesive ileus in LA group was 4.5% and OA group was 1.7%. Caecal leak was seen only in LA group. Pneumonia was not reported in both the groups. Operation time in LA group was 60 mins and OA group was 30mins. Duration of Hospital stay in LA group was 3 days and OA group was 5 days. Mean duration of return to normal activity in LA group was 5.4 days and OA group was 7.1 days. Mean duration of return to heavy work was 12.2 days in LA group and OA group was 16.8 days. Conclusion: Laparoscopic Appendectomy was found to be both feasible and safe in comparison with open Appendectomy.Item Comparison of anxiety in patients of bipolar disorder with and without suicidal behaviour.(2016) Rajashekharaiah, Manjunath; Ghanate, Alok N; Verma, Pravin; Ram, DayaIntroduction: Suicidal behaviour is common in bipolar disorder. This is especially true in anxious patients or comorbid anxiety disorder. The effect of subsyndromal anxiety in this group of patients in India needs to be assessed. This study was undertaken to assess comorbid anxiety in patients of bipolar disorder with and without suicidal behavior and to study the relationship of co-morbid anxiety with suicidal behavior in patients with bipolar disorder. Material & Method: 60 bipolar disorder patients in remission coming to the Central Institute of Psychiatry diagnosed as per DSM IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) criteria, 30 with suicidal ideation and 30 without suicidal ideation were taken in the study. Co-morbid conditions other than anxiety were ruled out. They were further assessed on Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety. Results: The suicidal group was significantly more depressed than the Non-suicidal group with p < 0.001. Statistically significant positive correlation was found between General Somatic Symptoms (Muscular) item and duration of illness (r=0.481, p<0.01). Statistically significant positive correlation were found between the item anxious (r=0.380, p<0.05) and BSI scores. Statistically significant positive correlation were found between the item tension (r=0.435, p<0.05) and BSI scores. Statistically significant positive correlation was found between depressed mood (r=0.368, p< 0.05) and age of onset. Statistically significant positive correlation was found between General Somatic Symptoms (Muscular) (r=0.434, p< 0.05) and age of onset. Conclusions: Suicidal patients were significantly more depressed than the non suicidal patients. Within the suicidal group it was noted that patients who were more anxious and had more tension had higher scores on the suicidal ideation scale. These two items may be taken as indicators of higher suicidal tendencies in patients of bipolar disorders. Also, somatic symptoms were related to duration of illness. Within the Non-suicidal group, age of onset was related to depressed mood and somatic symptoms.Item Comparison of the surgical outcome and cost effectiveness of autologous blood with electrocautery pen and fibrin glue in the limbal conjunctival autografting for the treatment of primary pterygium.(2016) Rafi, Mohammed; Kumar, Kunal; Muthiah, J; Swadique, MuhemmedIntroduction: There are various techniques available for securing limbal conjunctival auto graft in the treatment of primary pterygium. purpose of this study to compare the surgical outcome and cost effectiveness of a new techniqueautologous blood with electrocautery pen and current standard of fibrin glue. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was carried out in 76 patients presented with primarypterygia who underwent pterygium surgery using autologous blood with ecp (36 eyes) and fibrin glue (40 eyes). all patients were followed up post operatively on 1stday, 7thdayand 6th month. during follow up,patients were assessed for graft displacement or loss and comfort. cost of the surgery was also compared. Results: No intraoperative complications occurred in either group. out of 36 patients, 4 graft dislodgements occurred in autologous blood with ecp group on the immediate post-operative day. while none in fibrin glue group. during the 6 months follow-up, 6 eyes in group i (16.7%) and 1 eye in group 2 (2.5%) developed recurrence. Conclusion: Autologous blood with ecp in conjunctival autografting is as effective as fibrin glue in terms of graft adherence and post-operative patient comfort. however, this method is 3 times cost effective than the commercially available fibrin glue.Item Dysembryonic neuro-epithelial tumors.(2016) Mittal, Saurav; Chaudhari, Nilesh; Patel, Krutik; Shaikh, Azhar; Prasla, ShopnilIntroduction: Dysembryonic Neuro-Epithelial Tumors are mixed neuro-epithelial tumors affecting most commonly the temporal lobe. They usually result in epilepsy which is intractable in nature. Children and young adults are much more prone to exhibit these Dysembryonic Neuro-Epithelial Tumors. Case presentation: Here, we present a case series of two male patients who presented to the department of radiodiagnosis at Dr. Vasant Rao Pawar Medical College and Research Centre for MRI evaluation with complaints of epilepsy. Conclusion: Dysembryonic Neuro-Epithelial Tumors are a mixed neuronal glial neoplasm, mainly affecting the temporal lobe and is a very common cause of epilepsy. They are usually benign tumors with no or mild contrast enhancement.Item Ultrasound findings in abdominal tuberculosis: usual and unusual appearances.(2016) Shivde, Rajendra; Patel, Krutik; Mittal, Saurav; Prasla, ShopnilIntroduction: Tuberculosis is a major health problem in developing countries. Abdominal tuberculosis is not an uncommon manifestation of extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Recognition of its usual and unusual findings is important for diagnosis of the disease. Material and Methods: This retrospective study involved 150 abdominal tuberculosis patients over a period of 5 years in rural & urban population of Nashik district in Maharashtra. Abdominal ultrasound using Siemens (Accuson X500) and Philips HD 11 with convex & linear probes was done to find out the intestinal and extraintestinal disease involvement and appearances. Results: Abdominal tuberculosis was found to be more common in rural population and had a slight female predominance. In extraintestinal involvement; ascites was found in 44% cases, peritoneal thickening was found in 15 % cases, tubercles were found in 5% cases and thick swollen mesentery in 7% cases. Lymphadenopathy was seen in 47% cases. In intestinal involvement, isolated bowel wall thickening (30%), bowel ulceration (3%), bowel lump with pseudo kidney appearance (11%), matting and clumping of bowel loops (16.5%) and complex bowel mass (8.5%) were seen. Some of the unusual patterns like “club sandwich appearance” (11%) and “multilayered sandwich appearance”(2%) were also seen. Conclusion: Because of nonspecific symptoms abdominal Tuberculosis is mostly under diagnosed or misdiagnosed for chronic acidity, gastritis /colitis or chronic appendicitis. Knowledge of both usual and unusual findings is essential to diagnose abdominal tuberculosis. Hence abdominal ultrasound should be used as a primary cost effective screening modality for diagnosis which helps in management of abdominal tuberculosis.Item Conjuctivochalasis - a review.(2016) Safarulla, MA; Hussain, Shaji; Rajesh, P; Swadique, MuhemmedConjunctivochalasis is an ocular condition that is usually missed, unless specifically looked for. It is defined as a redundant loose non edematous inferior bulbar conjunctiva. Though generally asymptomatic, It may also present as dryness and foreign body sensation. Various grading systems like Mirmura ((based on Lid-parallel conjunctival folds), Mellers (based on lid-parallel conjunctival folds, punctual occlusion and conjunctival fold changes during down gaze and digital pressure) and Zhang’s based on conjunctival folds, dryness, foreign body sensations, epiphora symptoms, punctual occlusion, tear meniscus height, tear film break-up time (BUT), and conjunctival fold changes during down gaze) system has been outlined. Various etiological aspects like dissolution of the Tenon’s Capsule and role of expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) has been dealt in detail. Different surgical approaches like pastepinch- cut conjunctivoplasty and their steps are specified. Conjunctivochalasis has to be understood in a wider depth and more research work is required to understand CCh in better detail so that preventive steps can be implemented with regard to secondary causes.Item Efficacy and safety of alcohol assisted epithelial delamination in recurrent corneal erosion syndrome.(2016) Ambadi, Roohi; Swadique, Muhemmed; Muthiah, J; Safarulla, M AIntroduction: Recurrent Corneal Erosion Syndrome is a resistant condition to treat .Many modalities of treatment is available. Alcohol assisted epithelial delamination is relatively a new procedure and not widely practiced. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of the procedure. Material & Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in our hospital .We have enrolled 30 patients who underwent the procedure within last two years. Patients with RCE who remained symptomatic despite topical lubrication was included .Patients were followed up at 1 day, 4 days, 1 week, and 1 month. Success was defined as resolution of symptoms after 1 month of treatment. The preoperative and postoperative data were collected from EMR and analyzed. Results: Twenty nine patients were stable after the procedure. One patient required repeated treatment. There were no post operative complications. No patients lost any line of visual acuity. Conclusion: Alcohol assisted epithelial delamination is a safe and effective procedure for treating patients with recurrent corneal erosion syndrome.Item Sociodemographic and clinical variables in suicidal and non-suicidal bipolar patients.(2016) Rajashekharaiah, Manjunath; Ghanate, Alok N; Verma, Pravin; Ram, DayaIntroduction: Most patients with bipolar disorder also exhibit suicidal behaviour. Early onset of illness and male preponderance have been noted in Indian population. There was no recent literature with regard to socio-demographic and clinical variables among suicidal behaviour in Indian population except a few earlier ones. This study was undertaken to find out the relationship of socio-demographic and clinical variables with suicidal behaviour in patients with bipolar disorder. Method: 60 bipolar disorder patients in remission coming to the Central Institute of Psychiatry diagnosed as per DSM IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) criteria, 30 with suicidal ideation and 30 without suicidal ideation were taken in the study. Their sociodemographic and clinical data were collected. Results: The mean age of onset of the illness in the suicidal group (19.10±5.27 years) was significantly less than the mean age of onset of the illness in the non-suicidal group (23.33±7.56 years). Females were found to have higher BSI scores (mean = 8.20±8.88) than males (mean = 3.40±2.01). Most of the patients had a history of prior hospitalization and most of them had a manic episode as the most recent episode. Females were found to have higher BSI scores (mean = 8.20±8.88) than males (mean = 3.40±2.01). Positive history of prior hospitalization (mean=4.29±4.30) was associated with lower BSI scores as compared to higher scores of that without a positive history (mean=11.33±12.74). Conclusions: Suicidal patients had earlier age of onset of illness than non suicidal patients. Females were found to have higher suicidal ideation than males. Hospitalization can reduce the suicidal ideation in patients.Item Pattern of hematological disorders diagnosed through bone marrow examination.(2016) Gautam, Rajesh; Ikram, Arshad; Nath, Dwijendra; Omhare, AnitaIntroduction: Blood disorders are very common among different age groups. They usually range from anemias to advanced hematological malignancies. Material and Methods: The present observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi to find out the incidence of different hematological disorders. marrow examination was done. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: Hematological disorders were more common among males (63.55%) and among those aged Bone between 21-30 yrs (27.1%). Anemia was the most common diagnosis in 49 cases (41.52%) followed by leukemia in 16 cases (13.56%). Thirteen cases (11.02%) were diagnosed as malarial parasite positive in bone marrow examination. Conclusion: Bone marrow examination is a useful test in reaching the final diagnosis.Item Comparison and evaluation of various bedside tests to predict difficult endotracheal intubation.(2016) Mall, Krishna Pratap; Rai, Sujit; Sharma, Rashmi; Gangwar, RichaIntroduction: As difficult laryngoscopy is a multifactorial problem, therefore any preoperative assessment of difficult tracheal intubation should have high sensitivity and specificity and result in minimal false positive and false negative values. This study was conducted in an attempt to devise a method of predicting difficult intubation and to assess the reliability of six simple bedside tests to predict difficult intubation. Material and Methods: This double blind prospective study involved 100 adult patients posted for elective surgery under general anesthesia. The airways were assessed for modified Mallampati test, Thyromental Distance, Sternomental Distance, Inter incisor gap; Atlanto-Occipital joint extension and Upper Lip bite Test. The laryngoscopic view and difficulty of intubation were noted. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Results: No method either individual or in combination with others had 100% sensitivity. The Modified Mallampati test had 76% sensitivity. Upper Lip bite Test had 98.66% specificity. The combination of Modified Mallampati test and Inter incisor gap had 52% sensitivity and 86.66% specificity. Conclusion: The “composite intubation difficulty score” is an easy and reliable method of predicting difficult intubation.Item Intermediate uveitis – a review.(2016) Safarulla, M A; Rajesh, P; Kumar, Arun; Swadique, MuhemmedIntermediate Uveitis (IU) is an inflammatory disease, primarily involving the vitreous and peripheral retina. It accounts for around 8% of cases of uveitis and affects primarily children and young adults. The etiology is unknown but, found as an isolated and idiopathic condition or in association with systemic disorders such as multiple sclerosis and sarcoidosis and infectious diseases. Symptoms include painless blurring of vision, floaters and deterioration of vision. Clinical features seen are anterior segment affection with keratic precipitates and anterior chamber cells, vitritis, vasculitis in the peripheral retina, vitreal snow banks and cystoid macular edema (CME). CME was the major threat for deterioration of vision; other complications include vitreous haemorrhage, periphlebitis, cataract and glaucoma. Treatment of intermediate uveitis is based on periocular and oral corticosteroids. Cryotherapy or laser photocoagulations of the peripheral retina are options in patients when there is an insufficient response to periocular or systemic corticosteroids. Immunomodulatory therapy is used when other therapies fail. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is indicated in patients with chronic significant inflammation, non-responsive cystoid macular edema, non-clearing vitreous haemorrhage, tractional retinal detachment and epiretinal membranes. IU is an intraocular inflammation involving the anterior vitreous, peripheral retina and pars plana. It usually affects patients from 5 to 30 years old, without gender or racial preferences. The etiology is unknown but there are several associated diseases. The long-term prognosis of intermediate uveitis is usually good, particularly with strict control of inflammation and with proper management of complications.Item Oral approaches for benign lesions- a novel approach.(2016) Ashraf, Mohd.; Khan, Mohd. Atif; Jabr, Ibrahim AlIntroduction -Cosmetically acceptable surgical results are the demand of this modern era. Aesthetic facial look has lots of impact on financial, social and personnel life. Material and Methods- A total of twenty cases were studied in the Department of ENT at Hind Institute of Medical Sciences (HIMS), Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh. FNAC, USG and CECT were done and only benign lesions were selected which could be approached intraorally. Results-There were 20 patients aged between fifteen years to sixty years. There were ten cases of submandibular swellings, four cases of sebaceous cyst, three cases of lipoma and two cases of parapharyngeal space swelling and one case of plunging ranula. The mean operation time of the IOA group was significantly longer than that of the TCA group, but decreased gradually with surgical experience. The mean hospital stay of the IOA group was significantly shorter than that of the TCA group. Conclusions-The innovative surgical approaches were studied and meticulous, cosmetically acceptable results which were highly appreciated by the patients and their attendants were achieved. The stay in the hospital and complication rates were also quite low in intraoral approach than conventional external approach. Hence, intraoral approaches should be used for benign lesions which are amenable to surgery.Item AIDS - today and tomorrow.(2016) Haque, MahboobulItem A study on newborn care practices among the mothers residing in slums of Kanpur Nagar.(2016) Nigam, Seema; Bajpai, Ankita; Midha, Tanu; Awasthi, PankajIntroduction: Despite efforts by government and other agencies, neonatal mortality is still high in our country. Among all other reasons, lack of proper newborn care practices is one of the major contributors for such high rates of mortality. This study was undertaken to assess newborn care practices among mothers residing in slum areas. Material & Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 360 mothers of infants in slums of Kanpur. A pre designed and pre tested questionnaire was used. Percentages, chi-square & Fischer’s exact test was used to analyse data using SPSS. Results: Nearly 23.05% deliveries were conducted at home, mostly by untrained dais. Bathing the baby after birth was practiced in 44.45% of home deliveries. In case of home deliveries, eyes were cleaned in 69.95% cases , weight was taken in 29.02% newborns and cord was cut with unsterile blade in 19.2% cases. Turmeric powder with oil or ghee was applied on cord in 94% of home deliveries and in 17.3% of hospital deliveries after the child was brought home. A significant difference was seen in cord care practices in home and hospital deliveries. Early initiation of breast feeding and colostrum was given by 35.5% and prelacteal feed was given by 63.9%. Conclusion: Awareness regarding newborn care practices was good among mothers who delivered their babies in institutions, as depicted by various healthy practices followed by them which were significantly associated with institutional deliveries.Item Comparision between rae, flexometallic and PVC macintosh endotracheal tubes used in cleft palate surgery.(2016) Agrawal, Apurva; Sharma, Manoj Kumar; Agrawal, Shailey; Arora, Veena; Somvanshi, RitujIntroduction: Cleft lip/palate are the most common craniofacial anomalies in children, with an incidence of CLP worldwide is 1 in 700 live births. The risk factors are considered as Family history etc. Anaesthesia during cleft lip and palate surgery carries a high risk and difficult airway management in children. Because of other associated congenital anomalies, the anaesthetic management becomes more complicated. Flexometallic endotracheal tubes, PVC macintosh tube, RAE tube are have their own risks and benefits when compared with each other. This study was undertaken to compare ease of intubation ,ease of ventilation ,intra operative maintenance of respiratory parameters ,intra-operative airway complication, post extubation complication by using 3 different types of tubes (1) RAE (Ring Adair Elwyn) tube (2) flexometallic tube (3) PVC ( Polyvinyl Chloride) macintosh tube in pediatric cleft palate surgeries. Material & Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 90 ASA I and ASA II pediatric patients of age group 9 month to 5 years undergoing cleft palate surgeries. Patients were randomly allocated in three groups of 30 each. Group 1: intubated with R A E endotracheal tube, Group 2:intubated with flexometallictube and Group 3: intubated with P V C macintosh endotracheal tube. The power of study on choosing such sample size was found to be at 90% level. Time taken for intubation, No. of attempt taken for intubation, Monitoring of capnography, SPO2, pulse rate and mean airway pressure every 15 minutes during the surgical procedures, Endobronchial intubation, Inadvertent extubation, Ease of passing of suction catheter after application of dingman retractor and Post extubation cough and croup was observed. Results: The significant differences were observed in stylet used, ease of passing suction catheter and post extubation cough and heart rate after retractor among the groups (p<0.05). All other differences were found to be insignificant. Conclusion: RAE tube provides a good approach for airway management in routine cleft lip surgeries. It possesses advantage over flexometallic tube and PVC tube. As it is a preformed tube passing suction catheter is technically difficult.Item Comparison of changes in astigmatism after cataract surgery in temporal versus superior incisions.(2016) Rajesh, P; Safarulla, M A; Saad, Mustafa; Kumar, ArunIntroduction- Patients undergoing cataract surgery develop astigmatism based on location of incision. This retrospective study investigated the “Pre & post operative astigmatism after cataract surgery based on incision”. Purpose of this study was to compare astigmatismobtained in temporal & superior incision. Material and Methods- Out of 50 cataract patients collected, 25 patients were in the temporal incision PHACO group and 25 were in the superior incision PHACO group. Corneal astigmatism and corrected visual acuity were assessed 30 and 90 days after cataract surgery. Results- against the rule astigmatism is more common after superior incision cataract surgery and with the rule astigmatism is more common after temporal incision cataract surgery. Conclusion: The study reveals temporal incision, increase with the rule & superior incision increase against the rule and also concluded astigmatism is least in temporal incision.Item Clinical study to evaluate the influence of incision site (superior vs superotemporal) on postoperative astigmatism in manual small incision cataract surgery.(2016) Patel, Amit Kumar; Yadav, Pramod Kr.; Goel, Shweta; Singh, Arvind; Ghosh, A; Tandon, M PIntroduction: Small incision cataract surgeries may be performed using various surgical incisions, namely, superior, supero-temporal and temporal. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. Supero-temporal incision is considered the best as it produces least induced astigmatism. The purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative induced astigmatism in superior and superotemporal incision group in small incision cataract surgery. Material &Method- This study was conducted on cataract surgery patients admitted in M.R.A Medical College, Ambedkarnagar. Fifty patients were selected for study, out of which 30 received superior and 20 received superotemporal incision. Preoperative keratometric and post operative 6 weeks keratometric readings were analysed. Results-Superior incision is better for with the rule astigmatism and worst for against the rule astigmatism, while superotemporal incision is equally good for both with the rule and against the rule astigmatism. Conclusion-Superotemporal incision is better than superior as it produces least astigmatism with good visual acquity.Item Effect of nepafenac 0.1% on macular thickness during immediate post operative period after phacoemulsification in patients with low risk for cystoid macular edema.(2016) Farook, Feroz; Swadique, Muhemmed; Muthiah, J; Rajesh, PIntroduction: To evaluate the effect of nepafenac 0.1% after routine phacoemulsification in patient at low risk for cystoids macular edema. Material and methods: This prospective hospital based study consists of 70 eyes of 70 subject with no risk factor for cystoid macular edema who underwent phacoemulsification by an experienced surgeon. All 70 subjects received preoperative nepafenac. 35 subjects received nepafenac post operatively (treatment). SD OCT (Spectral domain optical coherence tomography) and visual acuity measurement were taken pre op and post op (1 week, 1month). Final end point where comparison of macular thickness and visual acuity between two group. Result: All subjects in this study had excellent visual outcome post cataract extraction. There was small increase in macular thickness in both treatment and control group with no difference in visual acuity between first and second post op visits. Conclusion: There is an increase in macular thickness measured by OCT in low risk patients after phacoemulsification there was no clinical effect on final visual acuity.Item Prevalence of fungal infections among diabetic foot ulcer patients in a rural area in south India.(2016) Selvaraj, Jayaraman; Jeevaraman, S; Shankar, RIntroduction: Infections among the diabetic patients play a vital role in the morbidity and to an extent mortality of the diabetic patients. Among the bacteriology of diabetic foot ulcers which had been documented by various researchers mixed aerobic - anaerobic microbes seems to be more common. Fungal infections among immunocompromised patient’s particularly diabetic patients are one of the major health concern in the world today. Very few studies in India was previously done on assessing the magnitude of fungal infections in diabetic foot ulcers particularly among the rural patients. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of infections among the diabetic patients with foot ulcers and see for the presence of fungal infections and to describe the spectrum of those fungal infections. Material and Methods: A prospective study was carried out on diabetic patients with foot ulcer during the period of 1 year from June 2014 – May 2015 at Thanjavur medical college. A total of 100 cases with diabetic foot ulcers were included for the study. The power of the study was kept as 89.7%, which was calculated by using the formula of Z power = test statistics/ S.E – 1.96. Where the test statistics was taken as 0.2and the SE was taken as square root of 0.5/n and where n= 100. Specimens (pus, wound, exudates or tissue biopsy) for microbiological studies were obtained from the ulcer region. All the 100 specimens were immediately transported to the microlab for further processing, culture and isolation. Identification of the microorganisms were done according to the standard microbiological procedures. Results: Among the study subjects males constitutes to 83% and females 17%. The mean random blood sugar among the subjects was 316.35±54 mgs/dl. The average duration of the foot ulcer among the study subjects was 13±7.58 months. Of the various microorganisms which was found in the foot ulcer bacterial agents were present in almost 100% of the patients. The fungal growth was seen in 29% of the patients with foot ulcers. The most common fungus identified were Aspergillus flavus (17%), Aspergillus fumigates (5%), Candida albicans (6%) and Mucor (1%). Conclusions: The present study insists on the evaluation of fungal pathogen for long standing diabetic foot ulcers even after effective treatment with antibacterial agents.