Delta Medical College Journal
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Executive Editor: Dr. Md. Rezwanur Rahman
ISSN: 2307-6615 (Print)
Frequency: 2 issues a year
Language: English
An official organ of Delta Medical College.
Online Peer-reviewed journal
Web site: https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/DMCJ/index/
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Item Bifidogenic Effect and the Immunity Power of Human Breast Milk.(2013-01) Islam, Md RafiqulBifidobacteria finds optimal living conditions for growth and overgrowth in the colonized part of the bowel when the chyme is rich in malabsorbed carbohydrate and poor in protein. Such condition is fulfilled with breastfeeding. Though the bifidogenic principle of human milk is attributed to the protein free fraction, the quality and quantity of its protein play an important role in the origination and maintenance of microflora .The low concentration of protein in human milk, the properties of this protein and the presence of specific proteins that inhibit competing microbes in the intestinal microflora are essential components of the bifidogenic principle of human milk. Due to the presence of immunological factors in breast milk like antimicrobial agents, anti-inflammatory agents, and immunomodulatory agents, human milk plays vital protective and defensive role when the infant’s immune apparatus is immature. It also contributes early childhood growth and development when the infant is absolutely dependent on his/her caregivers for provision of nutrition.Item Nd:YAG Laser Posterior Capsulotomy and Visual Outcome.(2013-01) Bari, Khaleda NazneenBackground: Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy is a relatively noninvasive procedure that is used in the treatment of posterior capsular opacification (PCO). PCO is caused by proliferation of lens epithelial cells which causes fibrotic changes and wrinkling of the posterior capsule and results in decreased vision, glare, and other symptoms similar to that of the original cataract. Objective: To find out the visual outcome after performing Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy for PCO. Materials and method: A prospective clinical trial was carried out in National Institute of Ophthalmology (NIO), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2010 to June 2011 on purposively selected 70 adult subjects of both sexes who developed PCO within 2 months to more than 2 years after extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intra ocular lens implant. After thorough pre laser assessment Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy was carried out with Zeis VISULAS YAG II through Zeiss slit lamp under topical anesthesia. Data were recorded and expressed as proportion. Results: Out of the 70 subjects 40 were male and 30 were female. The average time interval of cataract surgery and Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy was 23 months. Capsular fibrosis (57.04%) was the predominant type of PCO. The pre laser visual acuity (VA) of more than 61.06% of eyes was 6/36 or below while 41.12% had VA hand movements to finger count. After Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy VA of 6/18 or better was achieved in 63.9% of eyes while 9.94% recovered to 6/9 and 11.36% achieved 6/6. None of these eyes showed further deterioration in VA. Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy for PCO is safe, effective and a rewarding procedure for improvement of vision.Item Insulin Resistance and Hypogonadism.(2013-01) Amin, Md Ruhul; Pathan, Md Faruque; Aktaruzzaman, AHM; Qureshi, Nazmul Kabir; Akter, Fahmida; Rahman, Sabura; Huq, Md Ehsanul; Shermin, Shahana; Rahman, Md RezwanurBackgound: The number of hypogonads is increasing day by day. It may be due to sedentary life style with increased obesity, increased tension or stressed lifestyle among all groups of populations. Visceral obesity is associated with insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and also with hypogonadism. Objective: This study was carried out to determine the proportion of insulin resistance among male subjects with hypogonadism in different age groups along with status of erectile quality among diabetics and non diabetics. Materials and method: This cross sectional study among 161 adult male subjects aged ≥ 20 to ≤ 60 years were purposively selected from Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka, Bangladesh between May 2009 to September 2010. Glycemic status and insulin resistance (by HOMA-R) were done and relevant history were documented. Results: The highest proportion (38.9%) of hypogonadism was in ≥ 50 years age group whereas highest proportion (39.6%) of the eugonads was in the age group of 40 to 49 years. More than half of the hypogonad subjects had weak erectile quality (54.0%) which were followed by absent erectile quality in 32.7% and 13.3% subjects had normal erectile quality. Among the eugonad subjects 41.7% had normal erectile quality, 41.6% subjects had weak erectile quality and 16.7% subjects had no erectile quality. More than ninety percent of the hypogonad subjects and about 60% of the eugonad subjects had insulin resistance. The average HOMA-R was more in the subjects with hypogonadism with diabetes which was highly significant (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion: Hypogonadism is associated with insulin resistance.Item Verrucous Carcinoma in External Auditory Canal – A Rare Case.(2013-01) Rahman, Md Zillur; Bhowmik, Bithi; Islam, Robiul; Hossain, RakibVerrucous carcinoma is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma. It is of low grade malignancy and rarely present with distant metastasis. Oral cavity is the commonest site of this tumour, other sites are larynx, oesophagus and genitalia. Verrucous carcinoma in external auditory canal is extremely rare. This is the presentation of a 45 years old woman who came to the ENT & Head Neck Surgery department of Delta medical college, Dhaka, Bangladesh with discharging left ear and impairment of hearing on the same side for 7 years. Otoscopic examination showed a mass occupying almost whole of the external auditory canal and the overlying skin was thickened, papillary and blackish. Cytology from external auditory canal scrap showed hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis. External auditory canal bone was found eroded at some parts. Excision of the mass was done under microscope. Split thickness skin grafting was done in external auditory canal. The mass was diagnosed as verrucous carcinoma on histopathological examination. Afterwards she was given radiotherapy. Six months follow up showed no recurrence and healthy epithelialization of external auditory canal.Item Morphometrical and Topographical Anatomy of Position of Nutrient Foramen on Fully Ossified Left Femur.(2013-01) Chowdhury, Md Shahajahan; Naushaba, Humaira; Begum, Jahanara; Ahmed, Shameem; Khan, Laila Farjana; Parash, Tanvir Hossain; Qashem, RubinaBackground: The femur is the typical long bone of lower limb which extends from the pelvis to the knee. It forms the skeleton of the thigh, bears body weight, supports movement of legs; provide attachment to muscles, form blood cells and acts as a store house for calcium and phosphate. The nutrient foramina are cavities that conduct the nutrient arteries and the peripheral nerves. The majority blood supply for femur originates from the nutrient arteries, mainly during the growing period and during the early phase of ossification. In bone grafts the nutrient blood supply is crucial and it should be preserved in order to promote the fracture healing. Objective: The anatomy of nutrient foramen of femur is very essential for orthopedic & vascular surgeons as well as to radiologists for planning of treatment. Materials and method: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2011 to June 2012. The study comprised 199 fully ossified left sided dry femur of both sex (n=89 male, n=110 female). Sampling technique was purposive. Morphometric and topographic study was carried out on all samples by direct physical and photographic methods. Results: The most common position of nutrient foramen on the shaft of femur was found on the middle 1/5th in both male and female femur (50.78% in male and 56.86% in female respectively). Conclusion: The anatomical knowledge about this study might be useful in certain surgical procedures as well as micro vascular bone transfer to preserve the circulation.Item Pathology - The Science Behind Cure.(2013-01) Ali, Syed MukarramItem Histodemography of Lymphadenopathy.(2013-01) Majid, Nadira; Talukder, MA Samad; Ali, Syed MukarramBackground: Lymph node enlargement presents a clinical problem whose significance can range from trivial to critical, depending on the cause of lymphadenopathy. Diseases involving the lymph node fall primarily into three categories, which include lymphadenitis, metastatic malignancies, malignant lymphoma. It is not feasible to excise every enlarge lymph node. So clinical selection of patients must take place and diagnosis of definite causes of lymphadenopathy by histological examination is essential for appropriate treatment. Objective: The aim was to find the relation and association of proportion of different types of lymphadenopathy with age and gender. Materials and method: This cross sectional study was done in Delta Hospital Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of May 2010 to December 2010. A total 88 cases were studied irrespective of age, sex along with clinical diagnosis. Results: Among the study subjects 55.7% was being benign lesions and remaining were with malignant lesions. Among the benign lesions majority (31.8%) were tuberculosis with female predominance which commonly occurs below the age of 20 years, where as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (33.3%) was the commoner form among malignant cases with male predominance occurs in older age group. Mean (±) age of benign and malignant cases was 22.1 (±12.73) years and 44.1 (±17.37) years respectively. Conclusion: The present study revealed that lymphadenopathy occurs more commonly in the middle age group with predominance of benign lesions. Among the benign lesions tuberculosis is the most common one and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is the commonest malignant lesion.Item Diabetic Retinopathy and Homocysteine in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.(2013-07) Rahman, Md Rezwanur; Arslan, M Iqbal; Hoque, Md Mozammel; Rahman, Md Waliur; Shermin, ShahanaBackground: Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest complication that occurs from the very beginning in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM itself leads to increased homocysteine (Hcy) level. It is postulated that hyperhomocysteinaemia causes retinal vascular damage as Hcy is an established vasculotoxic agent and auto-oxidation of Hcy leads to oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation and thrombus formation. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the serum Hcy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects with diabetic retinopathy. Materials and method: A case control study was carried out in the department of Biochemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, during the period of January 2006 to December 2007. Total 85 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects were included in this study, 40 were case having retinopathy and 45 were age and sex matched control without retinopathy. Serum Hcy was measured and compared between case and control. Results: Serum Hcy level in cases was significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to that of control (15.11±5.49 μmol/L vs. 12.59±4.01 μmol/L). Odds ratio was also determined for hyperhomocysteinemia (OR=2.23; CI 0.9-5.45). Conclusion: Hyperhomocysteinaemia is associated with diabetic retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.Item Urinary Tract Infection in Children: A Review.(2013-07) Hamid, Farzana; Islam, Md Rafiqul; Paul, Nibedeta; Nusrat, Nadia; Parveen, RafiaUrinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common paediatric infections. By the time children are 5 years old, about 8% of girls and about 1-2% of boys have had at least one episode of UTI. UTIs are caused mainly by colonic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, followed by Klebsiella and Proteus. However, any organism that gains access to the urinary tract system may cause infection, including fungi (Candida species) and viruses. In some instances, UTI results in recognition of an important underlying structural abnormality of the urinary tract. The febrile infant or child with clinically significant bacteriuria and no other site of infection to explain the fever, even in the absence of systemic symptoms has UTI. Signs and symptoms of UTIs vary depending on the child's age and on which part of the urinary tract is infected. The diagnosis of UTI is based on routine microscopic examination and culture of a properly collected urine specimen. Imaging studies are done in selected patients to identify anatomic abnormalities. Most cases of uncomplicated UTI respond readily to outpatient antibiotic treatment without further sequelae. All patients should have close follow-up to evaluate response to antibiotics and to prevent the development of long term complication.Item Socio Demographic Determinants of Delivery Practice in Rural Women of Bangladesh(2013-07) Begum, Meherunnessa; Sarwar, Khondoker Bulbul; Akther, Nasreen; Sabnom, Rokshana; Begum, Asma; Chowdhury, Kawser AhmedBackground: Every year, world wide, 200 million women become pregnant. The development of urban areas allowed women to receive more care and treatment. However, in rural areas such measures are not available to every woman. Data on delivery practice of rural woman may help the social and public health planners and decision makers to minimize and prevent maternal mortality and morbidity ensuring safe motherhood. Objective: The aim of the study was to observe the delivery practice of rural women of Bangladesh. Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted and data were collected from Dhamrai upazila, Dhaka, Bangladesh in April 2008. Total 159 women of reproductive age group at least having one child were selected purposively to elicit information on various demographic, socioeconomic, cultural and selected programmatic variables including maternal health care and delivery practices. Results: Among the respondents about 55% were literate. Majority (80%) of the respondents delivered at home and most of the them (71%) felt that home delivery was comfortable where as about 29% of the respondents were compelled to deliver at home due to family decision and financial constraint. Among the deliveries about 82% occurred normally and 18.2% were by cesarean section. A considerable percentage of deliveries (49%) were attended by traditional birth attendants. Blade was used for cutting umbilical cord in majority of the cases (74%) who delivered at home. Most of the respondents (90%) took ante natal check up and about 74% were vaccinated by tetanus toxoid. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that a lot of work is still to do for the policy makers and health planners to target, plan, develop and deliver maternal health services to the rural women of Bangladesh.Item Analysis on the Incidence, Staging and Treatment of Carcinoma Cervix at Delta Medical College and Hospital of Bangladesh.(2013-07) Banu, Parvin A; Rukhsana, Naheed; Yasmin, Jebunnessa; Nahar, Lutfun; Malik, Sadiqur RBackground: Cervical cancer remains the most common cancer among women in this part of the world. Bangladesh has the highest level of incidence and mortality rates due to cervical cancer among women. Cervical cancer is a preventable disease by screening and treatment of pre-invasive condition. Unfortunately, there is no effective screening program in Bangladesh. Objective: The objective was to analyze the clinico-pathologic characteristics and, subsequently the therapy delivered to the patients. Materials and method: This cross sectional study was done from January to December 2011 in oncology division of Delta Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. During this period a total of 2264 female carcinoma patients were registered. Out of them 523 patients were with the diagnosis of carcinoma of cervix. Evaluation and characterization of patients with carcinoma cervix were done according to the age group, clinical stages and surgical status. External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and doses, brachytherapy doses and fractions, time interval between EBRT and brachytherapy, neo-adjuvant and concurrent chemotherapy status were the factors taken into consideration for the analysis of treatment of these patients. Results: The study revealed that the incidence of carcinoma cervix was 23% and highest incidence was between 40-50 years of age group, most of the patients were in Stage IIB (34%) and IIIB (28%) and 31% with unknown stage. About 44% patients were referred postoperatively and most of them with unknown stage. Almost 90% patients received EBRT, 24% patients received concurrent chemo-radiation, 46% of them completed 5 cycles of concurrent chemotherapy and 8.6% patients received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. About 69% patients received brachytherapy with HDR Co-60 sources and 23% of patients received their brachytherapy treatment after 12 weeks of completion of EBRT. Conclusion: Lack of proper clinical evaluation and documentation, delay in referral and lack of implementation of a standard protocol for the treatment of carcinoma cervix are the major obstacles in our country.Item Revision Total Hip Replacement: A Case Report.(2013-07) Rahman, Md Hafizur; Sarker, Md Mohoshin; Matin, Md AbdulTotal hip replacement is a reconstructive procedure that has improved the management of those diseases of the hip joint that have responded poorly to conventional medical therapy. Conventional, primary total hip replacement is a durable operation in the majority of patients. A hip replacement is a mechanical device with parts that are assembled before and during the operation. But the possible complications of total hip arthroplasty, and its clinical performance over time, is a challenging occasion to the surgeons, and such a challenge we faced with our presenting patient. A 68 year old lady with history of cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty done in a tertiary care hospital, due to fracture neck of the left femur having the history of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, heart disease, anaemia, and mental disorders presented with loosened prosthesis, thinning of medial proximal cortex of the femur which had broken within few months after surgery. She complained of painful walking at left hip joint. There was also evidence of chronic infective and degenerative arthritis of acetabular component of the affected hip joint. Cemented revision total hip replacement surgery was performed with expert multidisciplinary involvement. On 2nd postoperative day the patient was allowed to walk on operated limb with the aid of walker. On 12th postoperative day all the stitches were removed and wound was found healthy.Item Association of Serum Uric Acid with Preeclampsia: A Case Control Study.(2013-07) Sultana, Razia; Ahmed, Selina; Sultana, Nasima; Karim, S.M. Fazlul; Atia, FarhanaBackground: Preeclampsia (PE) is still one of the important causes of maternal and fetal mortality in Bangladesh. Many researches have been done to identify a unique screening test that would predict the risk of developing PE before the classic symptoms appear. One of the most accessible and easiest screening tests is serum uric acid measurement. Numerous studies have demonstrated a relation between elevated maternal serum uric acid levels and adverse maternal and fetal outcome. Among several pathophysiologic factors the most commonly accepted explanation for hyperuricemia in PE is increased reabsorption and decreased excretion of uric acid. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the association of serum uric acid with preeclampsia. Materials and method: A case control study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011. A total number of 100 pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy attending in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital were selected purposively as study subjects. Among them 50 pregnant women with preeclampsia were selected as cases and 50 normal healthy pregnant women as controls. Results: Most of the study subjects were within 21 – 30 years of age group and mean age in case and control was 24.06±3.71 and 24.66±3.22 years respectively, which was not statistically different. Mean gestational age in case and control was 33.50±2.55 weeks and 33.60±2.95 weeks respectively, which was also not statistically different. Among the study subjects majority was primi in both groups (case 76%, contol 58%) showing no statistical significance. Majority of the subjects in both groups were irregular in their antenatal checkup (case 52%, contol 40%). Uric acid concentration was measured in all the study subjects. The mean serum uric acid concentration in cases and controls were 7.01±1.90 mg/dl and 4.55±1.63 mg/dl respectively. This difference was highly significant in statistical point of view. Conclusion: Hyperuricemia is associated with preeclampsia.Item The Necessity of Peer Review.(2013-07) Karim, S M FazlulItem Detection of Artifacts and Its Effects in the Clinical Evaluation of Diagnostic and Therapy CT Images.(2014-01) Malik, Sadiq R; Reza, Shohel; Rahman, Shaikh Shofiur; Rahman, Motiur; Banu, Parvin AkhterImportance of imaging in all clinical or medical research, and especially, of Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT scan), has demonstrated a unique place in diagnostic or radiation therapy. Two-dimensional images of internal structures of the body are examined and reported. This process of imaging, any anatomical location, viz. head and neck, thorax, pelvis, etc. takes about 30 seconds to perform with a minimal dose of less than 1.6- 2.0 mGy. The images are constructed by the hardware with software algorithm, using the attenuation and absorption of X rays of tissues, of varying electron densities of the anatomical structures. Sometimes a contrast dye is injected to a patient intravenously, rectally or orally, to make hollow or fluid-filled structures such as blood vessels more visible. Radiologists and radiation oncologists are confronted with a task to delineate the information of the CT images to a meaningful diagnosis. The images are, therefore, valuable for diagnostic reports, some of these may relate to cancerous tumors and tissues. Cancer treatment, radiation therapy or else, from such observations may start. But an artifact and distortion on such images will contribute to erroneous and/or unusable interpretations in offering a clinical report to provide wrong clinical decisions. The implications of the presence of distortion in CT images is, for a patient, described here so as to instruct the experts, in medical and clinical fields, to rectify the situation in acquiring a sharp and flawless image or in reaching the correct clinical goal.Item A Case Report on Stab Injury.(2014-01) Begum, Asma; Huq, Md Rabiul; Begum, Meherunnessa; Alam, Azmeri; Akhter, Gulshanara; Tasmin, TamannaStabbing is the most common method of homicide in developing countries like Bangladesh, due to poverty, over population, joblessness, political unrest, etc. The reported case is of a 27 years old man stabbed on the front of the left thigh, a relatively unusual site by a sharp pointed knife by some snatchers while sitting on a rickshaw. On medicolegal point of view the injury was homicidal in nature to run away without having a motive to kill the person. The site was easily approachable for the snatchers. We need to create awareness among general population about the circumstances and probable mishaps that can happen unexpectedly.Item Hysterosalpingography in Infertility.(2014-01) Khan, Masuda Islam; Jesmin, Suha; Jerin, Jesmin; Shermin, Shahana; Chowdhury, T ABackground: Infertility is a common medical problem. It can be due to problems in either partner, or both. Ovulatory dysfunction, tubal and peritoneal factors comprise the majority of female factor for infertility. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) plays an important role in the evaluation of abnormalities related to the uterus and fallopian tubes. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hysterosalpingographic findings of women with infertility in our setting. Materials and method: This cross sectional study was carried out in the infertility centre at BIRDEM, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of September 2002 to February 2003. Out of 100 infertile patients 50 infertile women of reproductive age (21-40 years) indicated for HSG were enrolled in this study. Results: Sixty percent patients had secondary infertility. Majority of the subjects of both primary and secondary infertility (55% and 60%) were in 26-30 years age group. On HSG any sort of uterine pathology was found in 10% cases and unilateral and bilateral tubal block were present in 24% and 20% cases respectively. Conclusion: Hysterosalpingography, a safe, less invasive procedure, has an important role in diagnosing uterine and tubal factors of infertility.Item Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS) with Clear Corneal Incision and SICS with Scleral Incision – A Comparative Study.(2014-01) Alam, Md Shafiqul; Bari, Khaleda NazneenBackground: Age related cataract is the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment throughout the world. With the advent of microsurgical facilities simple cataract extraction surgery has been replaced by small incision cataract surgery (SICS) with posterior chamber intra ocular lens implant, which can be done either with clear corneal incision or scleral incision. Objective: To compare the post operative visual outcome in these two procedures of cataract surgery. Materials and method: This comparative study was carried out in the department of Ophthalmology, Delta Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period of January 2010 to December 2012. Total 60 subjects indicated for age related cataract surgery irrespective of sex with the age range of 40-80 years with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Subjects were randomly and equally distributed in 2 groups; Group A for SICS with clear corneal incision and group B for SICS with scleral incision. Post operative visual out come was evaluated by determining visual acuity and astigmatism in different occasions and was compared between groups. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS for windows version12. Results: The highest age incidence (43.3%) was found between 61 to 70 years of age group. Among study subjects 40 were male and 20 were female. Preoperative visual acuity and astigmatism were evenly distributed between groups. Regarding postoperative unaided visual outcome, 6/12 or better visual acuity was found in 19.98% cases in group A and 39.6% cases in group B at 1st week. At 6th week 6/6 vision was found in 36.3% in Group A and 56.1% in Group B and 46.2% in group A and 66% in group B without and with correction respectively. With refractive correction, 6/6 vision was attained in 60% subjects of group A and 86.67% of group B at 8th week. Post operative visual acuity was statistically significant in all occasions. Postoperative astigmatism of >0.50D was in 82.5% subjects of group A and 52.8% subjects of group B at 1st week. At 6th week postoperative astigmatism of less than 1D was in 79.95% subjects of Group A and 83.34% subjects of Group B. About 20% subjects in Group A and only 3.3% in Group B showed astigmatism of more than 1D and these differences on both the occasions were statistically significant. Conclusion: The post operative visual outcome was better in SICS with scleral incision (group B) than in SICS with clear corneal incision (Group-A). Keywords: SICS; clear corneal incision; scleral incision; astigmatism.Item Effect of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) on Kidney in Rats.(2014-01) Shimmi, Sadia Choudhury; Parash, M Tanveer Hossain; Afrin, Lazina; Akter, PervinBackground: Kidney is the main excretory organ which can be damaged by various disease conditions, foods, exposure to some chemicals, toxins, or infectious agents. Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) may have antioxidant activity thereby can be used for the improvement of kidney functions though its exact role is yet to be explored. Objective: To observe the effect of peanut kernel powder on kidney by observing the histology and some biochemical parameters (serum creatinine and blood urea) in Wistar albino rats. Materials and method: This experimental study was conducted between October 2012 to December 2012 in the Institute of Food and Nutrition, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total number of 20 apparently healthy Wistar albino male rats, weighing between 120 to 150 grams, age range 90 to 120 days were used. Prior to conducting the study, the animals were acclimatized for 14 days. Then, they were divided into two groups; control group (Group A) consisted of 10 rats and experimental group (Group B- Peanut treated group) consisted of 10 rats. All groups of animals received basal diet for 21 consecutive days and in addition, experimental group received peanut kernel powder (500mg/kg body weight/day; orally) in the morning along with food for 21 consecutive days. All the animals were sacrificed on 22nd day. The blood and kidney samples were collected. Blood urea, serum creatinine levels were measured and histopathology of kidney was done by using standard laboratory procedure. Results: The mean body weight of peanut treated group was significantly lower than that of control group. The mean blood urea and creatinine levels were higher in peanut treated group in comparison to those of control group but the differences were not statistically significant. On histology, kidney revealed normal findings both in control and peanut treated group. Conclusion: Role of peanut kernel powder in normalizing the biochemical parameters is controversial.Item Diagnostic Efficacy of Radiology in the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Tumour of Bone.(2014-01) Akhter, Afia; Saleheen, Mohammad Serajus; Majid, Nadira; Salahuddin, Syed; Afroz, Kwazi Dil; Rahman, Md Rezwanur; Ali, Syed MakarramBackground: Giant cell tumour (GCT) is an aggressive and potentially malignant lesion. Microscopic feature reveals osteoclast like giant cells in a mononuclear stromal cells background. The mononuclear stromal cell is interpreted as neoplastic. Objective: As radiological diagnosis is non invasive and cost effective in comparison to histopathological diagnosis, considering the patients’ compliance, the aim of the study was to observe the diagnostic efficacy of radiology in diagnosis of GCT. Materials and method: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Pathology, Delta Hopital Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2011 to December 2012. A total of 30 study subjects were enrolled in the study irrespective of age and sex. Biopsy material and relevant data of clinically suspected cases of GCT along with radiology report were sent from National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Histopathological diagnosis was made by expert pathologists. Results: Mean (±SD) age of the study subjects was 29.20 (±7.34) years with highest number of patients were observed in 3rd decade and female was predominant (60%) with a male female ratio of 1:1.5. Common site of GCT was around knee (50%). Among 30 clinically diagnosed GCT, 25 (83.3%) cases were radiologically diagnosed as GCT, 2 (6.7%) diagnosed as fibrous dysplasia, 1 (3.3%) as chondroblastoma, 1 (3.3%) as simple bone cyst and 1 (3.3%) as aneurysmal bone cyst. However among 30 clinically diagnosed GCT, 28 (93.3%) patients were histopathologically diagnosed as Giant cell lesion and rest 2 (6.7%) patients diagnosed as fibrous dysplasia. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of radiological diagnosis of GCT were found to be 92.6%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 40.0% and 90.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Radiology can be effectively used as a screening tool in diagnosing GCT.
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