Browsing by Author "Mehra, M"
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Item Adolescent girls: an emerging priority.(1998-01-02) Bansal, R D; Mehra, MItem Awareness about pulse polio immunization among the general population in Delhi.(2001-08-25) Singh, M M; Bano, T; Dabas, P; Mehra, MA study was conducted in three intensive pulse polio immunization (IPPI) centres in Delhi on 24th September, 2000 to assess the awareness about poliomyelitis and the IPPI programme. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit the information from 182 accompanying persons (41 males and 141 females) by qualified medical doctors. Majority (92.9%) of the respondents knew that the administered drops were polio vaccine. Major sources of information were television (32.9%), relatives or friends (24.2%), health staff (20.9%), poster or leaflets (15.9%). Only 18.1% knew the next IPPI day. Out of 43 claiming to know the number of subsequent IPPI days during 2000, only 22 could tell correctly. A large number of respondents (86.2%) knew that IPPI would help in preventing polio in children. Paralysis of limbs as a clinical feature of polio was known to 70.3%, 45.6% knew that polio cannot be cured and 21.9% perceived that polio could also lead to death. The nationwide intensive awareness campaign for polio eradication was found to be partially effective in disseminating the information.Item Child health.(1997-01-01) Bansal, R D; Mehra, MItem Difficulties of the staff posted for intensive pulse polio immunization in Delhi.(2000-11-17) Lal, P; Singh, M M; Mehra, MForty three staff members present on 18 booths for intensive Pulse Polio Immunization were interviewed anonymously during the first round of the programme on 24th October, 1999 to find out their problems likely to affect successful implementation of the programme. The observation revealed some of the problems such as long distance between residence and the booth (46.5%), difficulty in locating the booth (72%), lack of training (90.7%), improper meals (69.7%) and lack of toilet facilities (37.2%). Suitable modifications should be made in light of the observations to secure full support of the staff for success of the programme.Item Effectiveness of syndromic approach in management of reproductive tract infections in women.(2001-04-23) Singh, M M; Devi, R; Garg, S; Mehra, MSyndromic approach was used to identify reproductive tract infections (RTI) by a trained public health nurse among 130 ever-married women aged 15-45 years selected by a systematic random sampling method in a resettlement colony, Chandigarh. A lady medical officer in the dispensary examined and treated 48 (37%) referred symptomatic women as per syndromic approach guidelines. They were suffering from vaginitis (52.1%), cervicitis (20.8%), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) (14.6%), urinary tract infections and PID (4.2%) and 4 did not have any clinical abnormality. Poor menstrual hygiene was observed among 72.7% women with RTI. Follow-up done after one month showed effectiveness in terms of symptomatic relied in 72.7% while 9.1% discontinued treatment and 4.5% did not comply with the medications. Training of nurses, health workers, dais, anganwadi workers regarding RTI identification and referral using syndromic approach and promotion of menstrual hygiene, genital hygiene and health care seeking behaviour would help in reducing the burden of RTI in the community.Item Endodermal sinus tumour of the ovary.(1985-04-01) Tandon, R; Mehra, M; Dargar, P; Aswani, P; Jindal, RItem Health financing in India.(1994-07-01) Bansal, R D; Mehra, MItem Healthy cities for better life.(1996-07-01) Bansal, R D; Mehra, MItem Immunization coverage evaluation surveys in rural Narela zone and city zone areas of Delhi.(1990-04-01) Mehra, M; Dewan, S; Aggarwal, S; Garg, SA major purpose of the immunization coverage evaluation surveys to document the vaccination status of children aged 1-2 years was to determine the true picture of the immunization status of the target population and to identify areas which need strengthening. Immunization coverage evaluation surveys were carried out for a 2.4 lakh rural and 2.2 lakh urban population of Delhi by the cluster sampling method. A total of 210 and 212 children, respectively aged 12 to 23 months, were included in the study in 30 randomly selected clusters in each zone. The percentage of children immunized with DPT3/OPV3/BCG was 70.0 and 73.1 in the rural and city zones, respectively while those immunized with DPT3/OPV3/BCG/Measles was only 30.0 and 37.3% in the two zones. Dropout rate for DPT and OPV, I to III was 16-18%. The drop out rate between DPT and OPV II and III was higher than that between DPT and OPV II and II. Percentage of non-immunized children was significantly higher in rural (8.0%) as compared to urban areas (2.3%). Maximum immunizations were done by the Health Centres. Done on a periodic basis, a coverage evaluation survey will show whether or not vaccination coverage objectives have been met.Item Knowledge and attitude towards tuberculosis in a slum community of Delhi.(2002-09-02) Singh, M Meghachandra; Bano, Tanveer; Pagare, Deepti; Sharma, Nandini; Devi, Reeta; Mehra, MA cross-sectional study was conducted among 208 adults (114 males and 94 females) aged 16-70 years, selected by systematic random sampling method in Lok Nayak Colony, Delhi to assess the knowledge and attitude towards tuberculosis (TB). Literacy rate was 28.4%. Only 174 (83.6%) heard of tuberculosis mainly from neighbours (64.9%) and friends (62.1%). Only 2.3% knew that TB was caused by a germ. Literates were more aware than illiterates regarding some signs and symptoms of TB i.e breathlessness (p=0.002), low grade fever (p=0.02), loss of appetite (p<0.001) and factors favouring TB e.g. overcrowding (56.4%) and poor diet (45.4%). Only 12.6% knew about the duration of treatment for 6-8 months and 1.7% knew about preventive role of BCG. Tendency to discriminate TB patients was evident from the findings e.g 71% respondents agreed upon isolating TB patients from the family, 74.1% on avoiding the patient in food sharing, on quitting job by the patient (33%), prohibiting marriage of the patient (27.6%), shunning him from attending social functions (18%), etc. Extensive health education directing towards attitudinal change by community involvement is needed to create awareness and remove myths about TB in such colonies.Item Life style and morbidity profile of geriatric population in an urbans community of Delhi.(2001-11-02) Khokhar, A; Mehra, MA cross-sectional study was carried to find out the lifestyle pattern and morbidity profile of geriatrics residing in urban community of Vikram Nagar, Delhi. Women constituted 56.25% and men 43.75% of a total of 128 study subjects. Hindus were 89.06% and Sikhs 10.93%. Age group of 60-75 years accounted for most of the study population. 85% of the subjects complained of one or more health problems. 90.62% of them suffered from dental problems. A significantly higher proportion of women suffered from problems of locomotion/joints and anemia as compared to men whereas genitourinary problems were higher in men as compared to women. 42.55 of the women and 30.76% of the men were obese. Current smokers constituted 15.62% of the women and 30.76% of the men were obese. Current smokers constituted 15.62% of the population whereas 30.35% of the men were current consumers of alcohol. 12.5% used tobacco. As low as 10.15% of the population engaged in regular physical activity. 55.46% of the subjects were vegetarian. 22.65% suffered from disturbed sleep pattern. Smoking showed statistically significant association with hypertension and respiratory tract diseases. Physical activity showed association with obesity and disorder of locomotion. Behavior and lifestyle modification in the form of primordial prevention and counseling of the high risk groups should be carried to improve the quality of life of the aged.Item Magnitude of acute respiratory infections in under five.(1993-11-01) Chhabra, P; Garg, S; Mittal, S K; Satyanarayan, L; Mehra, M; Sharma, NA community-based study was carried out in a rural area of Delhi to measure the prevalence and incidence of acute respiratory infections among children below the age of 5 years. The prevalence of 12.1%, was similar in boys and girls and was seen to decline with age. The incidence of acute respiratory infections was 2.5 episodes per child per year; it was not different in boys and girls. There was a statistically significant decline in the incidence with age. Upper respiratory tract infections comprised 87.5% of total acute respiratory infection morbidity while lower respiratory tract infections were 12.5%. Both upper and lower respiratory tract infections declined with increasing age; while the former was similar among boys and girls, the incidence of latter was significantly greater in boys (0.4 episodes per year) as compared to girls (0.2 episodes per year). A total of 87.5% episodes were mild, 10.4% moderate and only 2.1% were severe. The results suggest that acute respiratory infections are a major community health problem and an acute respiratory infection control programme needs to be implemented urgently.Item Malnutrition: a silent emergency.(1999-01-13) Bansal, R D; Mehra, MItem Measles vaccine efficacy evaluated by case reference technique.(2002-06-27) Puri, A; Gupta, V K; Chakravarti, A; Mehra, MItem National health policy--a need for review.(1995-01-01) Bansal, R D; Mehra, MItem Poverty and its measurement--concerns and constraints.(1996-10-01) Bansal, R D; Mehra, MItem Prevalence of paralytic poliomyelitis in a rural and urban community of Delhi.(1990-09-01) Mehra, M; Bansal, YA community house to house survey to estimate the prevalence of paralytic poliomyelitis in children 5-15 years was undertaken from June to August, 1986 in the rural and urban field practice areas. The survey covered 96 and 93% of the houses in the rural and urban areas, respectively. Prevalence of lameness due to poliomyelitis among children aged 5-15 years was 3.5 in the rural and 2.7 in the urban area. Community health examination also confirmed that boys were more vulnerable than girls.Item Preventing gastro-enteritis deaths: recommendations based on a 3 years study.(1995-12-01) Gulati, N; Kumar, A; Lal, P; Mehra, M; Sahgal, KBased on epidemiological investigation of 75 gstro-enteritis deaths that occurred in 22 major hospitals of Delhi during 1990-92, this paper deals with the observations pertaining to the role of physicians and health infrastructure in the management of gastro-enteritis patients. Majority of the patients visited private practitioners/clinics in the first instance. Hospital stay in 44% of cases was 6 hours or more, by which time dehydration and/or electrolyte imbalance should have been corrected. Still, in 54.5 percent out of these, dehydration was the cause of death, while in 18.2 percent electrolyte imbalance co-existed. Record maintenance at various hospitals was far from satisfactory. The study, highlighting the need for proper rehydration and timely referral enlists recommendations that might help in preventing gastro-enteritis deaths.Item A study of her-2/ neu oncogene expression in benign and malignant ovarian tumors(Siddharth Health Research and Social Welfare Society, 2020-04) Gupta, S; Mehra, M; Khattri, J; Madhvi, MBackground: Ovarian cancers are very common worldwide with serous epithelial tumors being the most common. Her-2/neuprotoncogene encodes a protein belonging to the EGFR tyrosine kinase receptor family. Overexpression has been shown for poor prognosis in breast cancer. The study was done to find the association of ovarian tumors with Her-2/neu expression. Aim and objectives: To assess the clinicopathological profile of various ovarian tumors with special reference to age, histological type, grade, and stage of the tumor. To assess and compare the expression of Her-2/neu oncogene in benign and malignant ovarian tumors in relation to age, histological type, grade, and stage of the tumor. Method: The prospective study was done on 37 specimens received in the Department of Pathology; NIMS medical college from the period between 2015 to 2019. Results: All the benign and borderline tumors were negative for her-2/neu .48.6% of malignant tumors were her-2/neu positive. Conclusion: Her-2/neu positivity was seen in 24.3% of ovarian tumors. All the benign and borderline tumors were negative for her-2/neu. 48.6% of malignant tumors were her-2/neu positive.Item A study of malnutrition among children aged 6 months to 2 years from a resettlement colony of Delhi.(2003-07-21) Khokhar, A; Singh, S; Talwar, R; Rasania, S K; Badhan, S R; Mehra, MNutritional status of 1661 children aged 6 months to 2 years who attended the Well Baby Clinic of UHC Gokulpuri, Delhi during the year 2000 was studied. 60.7% of them were malnourished. Undesirable practices of discarding the colostrum, not exclusively breast feeding the child till at least 4 months of age, delayed weaning, dilution of top milk, use of bottle and nipple for feeding the children are still widely prevalent.