Analysis of Genetic Variation among Populations of Withania somnifera (L.) in South India based on RAPD Markers.
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Date
2013-04
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Abstract
Aim: The present study was carried out to analyze the genetic variations among 20
different populations of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal collected from different habitats
(locations) by RAPD analysis.
Methodology: DNA was isolated from the fresh leaf samples collected from the field by
Bernatsky and Tankley method. Isolated genomic DNA was purified by phenol:
chloroform: isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1) extraction mixture and then amplified by MJ themal
cycler. Amplified DNA products were quantified and then subjected to RAPD analysis by
the method of Williams et al.
Results: Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to analyze the genetic variation and relationship among 20 populations of Withania somnifera collected from
different part of South India, including the states of Tamilnadu, Puducherry, Kerala,
Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, Maharashtra and supplemented by two commercial
varieties from Uttar Pradesh and Delhi. Out of 40 primers, 11 selected primers produced
96 consistent RAPD markers ranging in size from 0.2 kb to 4.0 kb; out of which 75 were
polymorphic. Similarity indices were estimated using the Dice coefficient of similarity and
cluster analyses were carried out on the similarity estimates using the unweighted pairgroup
method to produce a dendrogram using arithmetic average (UPGMA) in the
NTSYSpc-verson 1.80 software. The similarity coefficient ranges from 0.53 to 0.98,
suggesting that the pronounced genetic variations exist among populations of W.
somnifera in South India. The cluster analysis indicates that the 20 populations of W.
somnifera were divided into five major groups, regardless of geographical locations.
Conclusion: The RAPD analysis indicates existence of genetic variations in natural
populations and it may influence and produce changes in phytochemical constituents of
W. somnifera populations.
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Keywords
Withania somnifera, RAPD, genetic variation, similarity, populations, geographical locations
Citation
Udayakumar R, Kasthurirengan S, Mariashibu T S, Sudhakar B, Ganapathi A, Kim E J, Jang K M, Choi C W, Kim S C. Analysis of Genetic Variation among Populations of Withania somnifera (L.) in South India based on RAPD Markers. European Journal of Medicinal Plants. 2013 Apr-Jun; 3(2): 266-280.