Analysing Host Preference Behavior of Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) Under the Impact of Indoor Residual Spray.

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dc.contributor.authorKumar, Vijay
dc.contributor.authorShankar, Lokesh
dc.contributor.authorRama, Aarti
dc.contributor.authorKesari, Shreekant
dc.contributor.authorDinesh, Diwakar Singh
dc.contributor.authorBhunia, Gouri Shankar
dc.contributor.authorDas, Pradeep
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-03T08:16:16Z
dc.date.available2015-12-03T08:16:16Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractBackground: Present scenario of Bihar and neighboring Indian states reveals dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) being an insecticide of choice for controlling the vector of Indian Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) i.e., Phlebotomus argentipes, that had reported to attain resistance/tolerance against it, leading to the behavioral transition including host preference and selection by them. The relationship between insecticidal resistance and host preference/ selection is not yet well understood. Objective: Exploring the host preference/selection behavior under the influence of insecticidal pressure in different biotopes of VL endemic regions in India Methods: For this, the engorged sand flies that were collected before and after Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) were subjected for feeding behavior analysis. The parameter studied were Host Feeding Index (HFI) and Forage Ratio (FR) by analyzing Blood Meal Identification (BMI). Results: The higher percentage of sand flies were recorded to be fed on cattle host (56.05%) with respect to the human host (30.35%) before IRS while a significant increase in cattle blood index (79.17%) in contrast to significant drop in human blood index (9.43%) was recorded during post IRS session at the study site. It establishes, cattle being potentially served as a preferred host for sand flies in contrast to other available hosts. The lowered value of FR during pre- and post-IRS respectively for human (0.77 and 0.24) as compared to the cattle (1.89 and 2.67) indicates cattle host being selectively preferred by the P. argentipes also corroborate with the results of BMI. Conclusion: Through the study we can conclude that instead of being killed by IRS, P. argentipes has attained resistance against DDT. Under the insecticidal pressure the host preference as well as selection tendency of P. argentipes for cattle host gets enhanced under the influence of IRS, as abrupt increment was observed in the FR’s post-IRS. While, the avoidance tendency of insects from the human hosts in favor of other available hosts’ viz., cattle, goat, pigs, etc. with slight decrement in the forage ratios for the human hosts during the IRS was also observed. Thus, under the impact of IRS, P. argentipes has changed its behavior from endophilic to exophilic and migrated from the human hosts at the periphery area of sprayed houses towards much safer zone, i.e., deserted houses, nearby gardens, bushes, etc for their survival for feeding cattle i.e., preferred host, lying in unsprayed horizon. Therefore, change in control strategy involving the proper management of insecticide resistance is very much needed to tackle the vector outbreak and hence menace caused by them.en_US
dc.identifier.citationKumar Vijay, Shankar Lokesh, Rama Aarti, Kesari Shreekant, Dinesh Diwakar Singh, Bhunia Gouri Shankar, Das Pradeep. Analysing Host Preference Behavior of Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) Under the Impact of Indoor Residual Spray. International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health. 2015; 7(2): 69-79.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2278–1005
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/166968
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.source.urihttps://sciencedomain.org/abstract/8662en_US
dc.subjectVisceral Leishmaniasis (VL)en_US
dc.subjectPhlebotomus argentipesen_US
dc.subjectIndoor Residual Spray (IRS)en_US
dc.subjectFeeding Index (HFIen_US
dc.subjectForage Ratio (FR)en_US
dc.subjectBlood Meal Identification (BMI);en_US
dc.subjectendophilicen_US
dc.subjectexophilicen_US
dc.titleAnalysing Host Preference Behavior of Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) Under the Impact of Indoor Residual Spray.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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