Pharmacological Basis of Thymoquinone as a Putative Adjuvant Anticonvulsant – A Systematic Review
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Date
2020-03
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International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Allied Sciences
Abstract
Background: Nigella sativa (NS) has antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Its concurrent use with AEDs couldbe a promising health strategy to prevent the damaging effect on neuronal cells during the episodes of seizures inaddition to enhancing therapeutic effects and diminishing the adverse drug reactions of AEDs. Purpose: Toprovide the pragmatic perception of utilizing TQ as an adjuvant in antiepileptic therapies to potentiate theiractions. Methods: The study utilizes systematic reviews on publications of previous studies obtained fromscholarly journal databases including PubMed, Medline, Ebsco Host, Google Scholar, and Cochrane. The studyutilizes secondary information obtained from health organizations using filters and keywords to sustaininformation relevancy. The use of search keywords and filters limits the study to relevant peer-reviewed journals.The study utilizes information retrieved from in vivo, in vitro and clinical studies captured in the peer-reviewedjournals on “thymoquinone and epilepsy”, “thymoquinone and neuroprotection” “Nigella Sativa and epilepsy,“thymoquinone and AEDs” “model of epilepsy and thymoquinone”. Results: TQ was demonstrated to inhibitapoptosis and neuronal degeneration in the cerebral cortex. Furthermore, Nigella sativa oil and its activeingredient TQ protects brain tissue against radiation-induced nitrosative stress, TQ plays a crucial protectiveactivity in the rat hippocampus and cortical neurons against Aββ1-42 and thus, it may be a promising agent forthe treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. An interesting series of studies also reported that TQ has shown antiepilepticeffects. Akhondian et al. reported that orally administered TQ reduces intractable pediatric seizures. Also,Hosseinzadeh et al., showed that TQ administered intracerebroventricularly, for epileptiform activity induced byusing pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in rats, prolonged the latency to first seizure, and decreased seizure count and theperiods of tonic-clonic seizure in a dose-dependent manner. In another study, orally administered TQ prolongedthe first seizure latency, decreased seizure count, and eliminated lethality in PTZ-induced epilepsy. TQ has aprotective and inhibitory effect on a penicillin epilepsy model, as with the other experimental epilepsy models.Conclusion: The current approach to AED discovery is effective for identifying drugs that are useful for thesymptomatic treatment of seizures. However, such an approach cannot be adequate to develop therapies forpreventing and modifying the development of epilepsy in a susceptible person. Undoubtedly, TQ is demonstratedas an ideal adjuvant to antiepileptic therapies by potentiating their actions and retreating their adverse effects.
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Keywords
Thymoquinone, Epilepsy, GABA, Nigella Sativa, Neuroprotection.
Citation
Khan Lateef Mohiuddin, Karim Shahid. Pharmacological Basis of Thymoquinone as a Putative Adjuvant Anticonvulsant – A Systematic Review. International Journal of Medical Research Professionals. ; : 131-142