Clinical Profile and Outcome of Swine Flu in Indian Children.
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Date
2011-05
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Abstract
Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and
outcome of Indian children infected with 2009 H1N1
influenza virus.
Study design: Retrospective chart review.
Setting: Outpatient department and hospitalized patients
in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: Clinical details of 85 children (positive for the
2009 H1N1 virus infection tested by real-time reversetranscriptase–
polymerase-chain-reaction assay) were
analyzed from medical charts.
Results: Of the 85 (55 boys) children positive for 2009
H1N1 virus infection, 64.7% were between 5 years to 16
years, and 35.3% were below 5 years age. The mean age
of these children was 7.5±3.5 yr. Contact history was
positive only in 22 (26%) cases. High grade fever was the
most common symptom, followed by cough and
rhinorrhea. Twenty-nine (34%) patients had an underlying
co-morbid condition. Of the 34 patients who underwent
chest radiography during evaluation, 18 children (52.9%)
had findings consistent with lower respiratory tract
infection. Antiviral therapy was initiated in 76 patients.
Hospitalization was required in 30 (35.3%) children. Risk
factors for hospitalization included underlying co-morbid
condition, respiratory distress, vomiting, wheezing,
diarrhea, hypotension and infiltrates/consolidation on
chest radiograph. Mean length of hospitalization was
131+76 hours, irrespective of underlying disease. Three
children developed Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
and died.
Conclusions: Clinical features and routine laboratory
investigations in children with swine origin influenza were
non-specific. Children with co-morbid condition,
respiratory distress, vomiting, wheezing, diarrhea,
hypotension and infiltrates/consolidation on chest
radiograph were at higher risk of hospitalization.
Description
Keywords
Acute lung injury, ARDS, H1N1 influenza, Pandemic influenza, Swine origin influenza
Citation
Das Rashmi Ranjan, Sami Abdus, Lodha Rakesh, Jain Richa, Broor S, Kaushik S, Singh B B, Ahmed M, Seth Rachna, Kabra Sushil K. Clinical Profile and Outcome of Swine Flu in Indian Children. Indian Pediatrics. 2011 May; 48(5): 373-378.