Interim Analysis of Outcome in Postoperative Cases of Squamous Cell Cancer of Oral Cavity Receiving Adjuvant Radiotherapy/Radiochemotherapy: An Observational Descriptive Study
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Date
2025-04
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Publisher
Wolters Kluwer – Medknow
Abstract
Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and lip is the most common type of head?and?neck cancer in India. Various tumor and treatment?related factors influence locoregional control. We aim to assess the impact of these prognostic factors on 2?year disease?free survival (DFS) in postoperative cases of cancer in the oral cavity. We present the interim analysis of our study. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational descriptive study conducted in the radiation oncology department. An interim analysis was performed at a minimum of 6 months following radiotherapy or sooner if an event occurred. Patients received either postoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, depending on the presence of risk factors. We documented histopathological parameters and treatment?related factors. To evaluate the impact of risk factors on survival, we applied the log?rank test and Cox regression analysis. P ? 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 22 patients were included in this interim analysis. The median DFS was 5.6 months. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that DFS was significantly poorer in patients with a higher pathological nodal (pN) stage (P = 0.000), those with positive lymphovascular invasion (LVI+) compared to those with negative LVI (142.62 ± 47.07 days vs. 253.61 ± 10.5 days; P = 0.004), and those with positive extranodal extension (ENE+) compared to patients without ENE (90 ± 40.41 days vs. 254.32 ± 9.54 days; P = 0.000). In univariate analysis using Cox regression, higher pN status (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.802; confidence interval [CI]: 1.236–13.482; P = 0.021) and LVI+ (HR: 15; CI: 1.39–177.72; P = 0.029) were found to be associated with poor survival outcomes. Conclusions: In this interim analysis, DFS was significantly impacted by high nodal burden, ENE+, and the presence of LVI. Other pathological prognostic factors and treatment?related factors did not significantly affect DFS.
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Keywords
Cancer oral cavity, disease?free survival, nodal status, outcome, prognostic factors
Citation
Singh Rashmi, Kumari Vinita, Kushwaha Ajit Kumar. Interim Analysis of Outcome in Postoperative Cases of Squamous Cell Cancer of Oral Cavity Receiving Adjuvant Radiotherapy/Radiochemotherapy: An Observational Descriptive Study. Acta Medica International. 2025 Apr; 12(1): 59-65