A treatise on hazards of endocrine disruptors and tool to evaluate them.

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dc.contributor.authorRoy, Parthaen_US
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Ben M Jen_US
dc.date.accessioned2009-05-28T11:06:15Z
dc.date.available2009-05-28T11:06:15Z
dc.date.issued2005-11-30en_US
dc.description160 references.en_US
dc.description.abstractHormones mediate a major part of our essential physiological functions. Both endogenous and exogenous compounds and their metabolites are known to act through hormone receptors leading to regulation of endocrine function. The endogenous ligands that control reproductive functions are generally steroids such as 17beta-estradiol, androgens, progesterone, pregnenolone and glucocorticoids. However, exogenous compounds that are structurally and functionally similar gain entry into animals including humans through the diet or by occupational exposures, causing endocrine disruption. In the recent decade, there is a lot of apprehension about the so-called "endocrine disruptors" which are wide spread in the environment, mainly due to unrestricted human activity. These compounds of anthropogenic or natural origin mimic the action of sex hormones and can interfere with the endocrine system. It has been hypothesized that environmental exposure to synthetic estrogenic chemicals and related endocrine active compounds may be responsible for malformations in the male reproductive tract, crytorchidism, hypospadias, decrease in sperm counts, decreased male reproductive capacity and even testicular cancers. The increasing concern in both public and scientific communities about these abnormalities have prompted the initiation of epidemiological studies to not only identify, but to also analyze the short and long term effects of endocrine disruptors. As a result, a number of assays have been developed and are undergoing validation aimed at high throughput screening of chemical agents that disrupt endocrine activity. This review consolidates the findings of epidemiological studies, particularly in relation to male reproductive disorders and brings to light the various types of in vitro and in vivo models that are available for tiered testing of suspected compounds.en_US
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India.en_US
dc.identifier.citationRoy P, Pereira BM. A treatise on hazards of endocrine disruptors and tool to evaluate them. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 2005 Nov; 43(11): 975-92en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/56245
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.niscair.res.in/ScienceCommunication/ResearchJournals/rejour/ijeb/ijeb0.aspen_US
dc.subject.meshAnimalsen_US
dc.subject.meshBiological Assay --methodsen_US
dc.subject.meshDose-Response Relationship, Drugen_US
dc.subject.meshEndocrine System --drug effectsen_US
dc.subject.meshEnvironmenten_US
dc.subject.meshEnvironmental Pollutants --toxicityen_US
dc.subject.meshGlucocorticoids --metabolismen_US
dc.subject.meshHormones --metabolismen_US
dc.subject.meshHumansen_US
dc.subject.meshMaleen_US
dc.subject.meshModels, Chemicalen_US
dc.subject.meshPhytoestrogens --metabolismen_US
dc.subject.meshSpermatozoa --pathologyen_US
dc.subject.meshXenobioticsen_US
dc.titleA treatise on hazards of endocrine disruptors and tool to evaluate them.en_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
dc.typeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'ten_US
dc.typeReviewen_US
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