Is intervening inflammatory pathways a way to treat type 2-diabetes

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dc.contributor.authorPareek, Aen_US
dc.contributor.authorNikam, Sen_US
dc.contributor.authorAkolekar, Ren_US
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-18T11:23:11Z
dc.date.available2025-06-18T11:23:11Z
dc.date.issued2025-06
dc.description.abstractOver the past few decades, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has rapidly increased. Cardiovascular kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome commonly arises from excessive or defective adipose tissue or combination of both. Proinflammatory mediators secreted by dysfunctional adipose tissue, especially visceral adipose tissue damage kidney, heart and artery tissues. Excessive storage of fatty acids disrupts the endocrine functions of adipose tissue, resulting in ectopic fat accumulation that induces lipotoxicity, thereby promoting low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance (IR) in the liver. Systemic inflammation and IR are exacerbated by the onset of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is well established that low grade inflammation plays an important role in T2D and its associated microvascular complications like nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy and macrovascular complications like atherosclerosis. Accelerated atherosclerosis predisposes to cardiovascular diseases, which is the leading cause of mortality in these patients. Till date, various anti-inflammatory drugs have been tried in the setting of chronic disorders such as T2D and CVD (cardiovascular diseases). But too selective targeting may not have produced the desired outcomes. Multiple inflammatory pathways contribute to the pathogenesis of CVD and T2D, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a broad anti-inflammatory agent, demonstrates beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism and is the only DCGI approved anti-inflammatory drug for T2D. Due to pleotropic benefits, HCQ has the potential of reducing prediabetes for diabetics, has antidiabetic properties and also reduces complications of diabetes, most importantly, CVD associated with T2D.en_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsMedical Affairs and Clinical Research, IPCA laboratories Limited, Kandivali Industrial Estate, Mumbai, Maharashtra, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsMedical Affairs and Clinical Research, IPCA laboratories Limited, Kandivali Industrial Estate, Mumbai, Maharashtra, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsMedical Affairs and Clinical Research, IPCA laboratories Limited, Kandivali Industrial Estate, Mumbai, Maharashtra, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.citationPareek A, Nikam S, Akolekar R. Is intervening inflammatory pathways a way to treat type 2-diabetes. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. 2025 Jun; 14(3): 441-450en_US
dc.identifier.issn2319-2003
dc.identifier.issn2279-0780
dc.identifier.placeIndiaen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/248651
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherMedip Academyen_US
dc.relation.issuenumber3en_US
dc.relation.volume14en_US
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20251074en_US
dc.subjectCardiovascular diseaseen_US
dc.subjectHydroxychloroquineen_US
dc.subjectInflammationen_US
dc.subjectInsulin resistanceen_US
dc.subjectType 2 diabetes mellitusen_US
dc.titleIs intervening inflammatory pathways a way to treat type 2-diabetesen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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