Molecular identification and genetic diversity of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the tropical environment on Hainan Island, China

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dc.contributor.authorLu, Yajen_US
dc.contributor.authorSu, Jieen_US
dc.contributor.authorCheng, Shien_US
dc.contributor.authorHu, Yaxen_US
dc.contributor.authorXia, Qianfen_US
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-13T09:35:52Z
dc.date.available2025-08-13T09:35:52Z
dc.date.issued2025-03
dc.description.abstractBackground & objectives: Biting midges are hematophagous arthropods responsible for zoonotic infectious diseases and have a wide distribution in temperate and tropical latitudes of the world. Methods: The genomic DNA of midge samples was extracted using the Chelex method and the ITS1gene was amplified by PCR to identify the midge species via BLAST. The sequence characteristics and the genetic diversity were analyzed using ClustalOmega, DnaSP, Arlequin, PopART, and TCS software tool. The validity of the ITS1 gene as a DNA barcode marker was evaluated using DAMBE. The phylogenetic relationship was established in the MEGA software. The ABGD web determined the species boundary and the SDT software visualized the pairwise sequence comparisons. Results: A total of 39 midge samples possessed the range from 364 to 429 bp of the ITS1 sequences. The midge samples were identified as Culicoides imicola, Culicoides oxystoma, Culicoides peregrinus, Culicoides jacobsoni, Forcipomyia peregrinator, and Culicoides fulvus, respectively. The ITS1 sequences had 288 conserved sites (60.25%), 167 variable sites (34.94%), 141 parsimony-informative sites (29.50%), and 26 singleton sites (5.44%), with a considerable sequence variation with a high haplotype diversity. Populations in Lingao, Haikou, Tunchang were relatively independent, with a low level of gene flow. A separate population of Forcipomyia genus in Danzhou was observed. Interpretation & conclusion: The biting midges in Hainan, a tropical island in China, had abundant genetic diversity. Timely surveillance is a crucial control measure for the spread of midge-borne diseases.en_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsNHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China; Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Chinaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsNHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, Chinaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsNHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, Chinaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsNHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, Chinaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsNHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, Chinaen_US
dc.identifier.citationLu Yaj, Su Jie, Cheng Shi, Hu Yax, Xia Qianf. Molecular identification and genetic diversity of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the tropical environment on Hainan Island, China. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases . 2025 Mar; 62(1): 45-50en_US
dc.identifier.issn0972-9062
dc.identifier.placeIndiaen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/252565
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherWolters Kluwer – Medknowen_US
dc.relation.issuenumber1en_US
dc.relation.volume62en_US
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.4103/JVBD.JVBD_100_23https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0en_US
dc.subjectMidgesen_US
dc.subjectSpecies discriminationen_US
dc.subjectInternal transcribed spacer 1en_US
dc.subjectGene flowen_US
dc.subjectPopulation migrationen_US
dc.titleMolecular identification and genetic diversity of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the tropical environment on Hainan Island, Chinaen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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