Growth Performance of Teak at Different Planting Densities

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dc.contributor.authorGM, Den_US
dc.contributor.authorDC, Hen_US
dc.contributor.authorAR, Ren_US
dc.contributor.authorK, Cen_US
dc.contributor.authorKotyal, K.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-13T11:24:15Z
dc.date.available2025-08-13T11:24:15Z
dc.date.issued2025-07
dc.description.abstractTeak (Tectona grandis L. f.) is a premium tropical hardwood species valued for its durability, strength, and resistance to pests, playing a vital role in timber production, commercial plantations and carbon sequestration. An assessment was made from June 2021 to May 2022 at the AICRP on Agroforestry unit, ZARS, GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka, to know the growth performance of teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) under varying planting densities. The twelve years old teak trees were maintained by the three spacings viz.,12 m × 3 m, 10 m × 3 m and 8 m × 3 m, using a strip plot design replicated seven times. Tree growth parameters such as height, girth at breast height (GBH) and crown spread were significantly influenced by spacing. The widest spacing (12 m × 3 m) recorded the highest trees height (9.76 m), highest GBH (56.43 cm) and largest canopy spread (6.07 m in N–S and 5.07 m in E–W direction). Biomass accumulation and carbon sequestration were also significantly influenced by the different spacing treatments. The 12 m × 3 m spacing yielded the highest wood volume (41.20 m³ ha⁻¹), total biomass (28.55 t ha⁻¹), carbon content (13.42 t ha⁻¹) and CO₂ sequestration (49.25 t ha⁻¹). Whereas, the lowest wood volume (32.03 m³ ha⁻¹), total biomass (22.20 t ha⁻¹), carbon content (10.43 t ha⁻¹) and CO₂ sequestration (38.29 t ha⁻¹) was recorded in 8 m × 3 m spacing. The closer spacing (8 m × 3 m), despite of lower tree growth and biomass, recorded the highest soil organic carbon (1.51 t ha⁻¹), possibly due to higher litterfall accumulation. In contrast, the wider spacing (12 m × 3 m) recorded the lowest soil organic carbon content (1.37 t ha⁻¹). Light intensity, measured through lux meter readings, showed a reduction near tree boles in narrower spacing, with highest light availability under wider spacing. The results suggest that wider teak spacing supports superior tree growth, biomass accumulation and carbon storage, while closer spacing contributes to enhanced soil carbon.en_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Science, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560065, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsAICRP on Agroforestry, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560065, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Science, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560065, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsDepartment of Forestry and Environmental Science, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560065, Indiaen_US
dc.identifier.affiliationsInstitute of Agri-Business Management, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560065, India.en_US
dc.identifier.citationGM D, DC H, AR R, K C, Kotyal K.. Growth Performance of Teak at Different Planting Densities . International Journal of Environment and Climate Change. 2025 Jul; 15(7): 374-380en_US
dc.identifier.issn2581-8627
dc.identifier.placeIndiaen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/253834
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherMs. M. B. Mondal, Ph.D.en_US
dc.relation.issuenumber7en_US
dc.relation.volume15en_US
dc.source.urihttps://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2025/v15i74939en_US
dc.subjectBiomassen_US
dc.subjectcarbon sequestrationen_US
dc.subjectdensityen_US
dc.subjectlitterfallen_US
dc.subjectspacing and timberen_US
dc.titleGrowth Performance of Teak at Different Planting Densitiesen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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