A novel rapid - acting oral inhalation human insulin for diabetes mellitus: Afrezza.
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Date
2015-09
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Abstract
Afrezza is rapid-acting oral inhalation insulin that is administered at the beginning
of each meal. The U.S Food and Drug Administration has approved Afrezza (insulin
human) inhalation powder, a rapid-acting inhaled insulin to improve glycemic
control in adults ≥18 years of age with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM
or T2DM). Afrezza must be used in combination with long-acting insulin in patients
with T1DM. Afrezza may be used with either oral anti-diabetic drugs or basal insulin
in patients with T2DM. Afrezza should be administered via oral inhalation using
Afrezza inhaler. Dosage adjustment is needed when switching from injection insulin
to oral inhalation Afrezza. It is contraindicated in individuals with chronic lung
disease and smokers because of the risk of the acute bronchospasm. Before initiating,
Afrezza, a complete medical history, physical examination and spirometry (forced
expiratory volume 1 sec) results is required in all individuals to identify the potential
lung disease. Common adverse reactions in individuals treated with Afrezza include
hypoglycemia, cough, throat pain or irritation, headache, and diarrhea.
Description
Keywords
Afrezza, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Rapidacting human insulin analog, Regular-human insulin
Citation
Beedimani Ravindra S, Shetkar Shivkumar G. A novel rapid - acting oral inhalation human insulin for diabetes mellitus: Afrezza. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. 2015 Sep-Oct; 4(5): 1040-1042.