General and specific combining ability estimates of physiological traits for moisture stress tolerance in groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.).
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Date
2011-10
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Abstract
The combining abilities for physiological traits in peanut were examined to
understand the type of gene action governing these traits, and to identify peanut genotypes
suitable for use as parents in breeding for improvement in physiological traits. Substantial genetic
variability was observed among the hybrids for the traits studied. The genotypes, TPT-4 and
ICGV-91114 were found to be good combiners for developing early flowering types, while
ICGV-91114, TCGS- 584, TPT-4 and JL-220 were good combiners for developing early
maturing. For SPAD chlorophyll meter reading was K-1375 was best general combiner. Among
the parents K-1375, TIR-25 and TCGS-647 were found to be superior as evident from its highest
significant positive general combining ability effects for specific leaf area. The best good
combiner for transpiration rate was ICGV-91114 and for photosynthetic rate was TIR-25. For
water use efficiency only the genotype, TPT-4 was the best combiner. Best performing parents
for harvest index were JL-220 and TPT-4. The hybrid, TPT-4 x TIR-25 was the specific hybrid
for high water use efficiency. For SPAD chlorophyll meter reading only one cross, K-1375 x
TCGS647 was considered to be the good performing hybrid. Two hybrids viz., TIR-25 x TCGS-
647 and ICGV-91114 x JL-220 were found to be good specific combiners for harvest index. A
perusal of results of combining ability analysis indicated considerable non-additive gene action in
the inheritance of majority of the attributes studied. The non-fixable dominance deviation and
epistatic effects are likely to hinder improvement through simple pedigree selection, which is
commonly followed in groundnut. Alternatively intermating of the F2 segregants followed by
recurrent selection and pedigree breeding can harness the different kinds of gene - effects.
Repeated selection and inter-mating of segregating materials for two or three cycles, makes it
possible to achieve simultaneously improvement in physiological attributes.
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Keywords
Arachis hypogaea, general combining ability, specific combining ability, diallel analysis, physiological traits
Citation
John K, Reddy P Raghava, Reddy P Hariprasad, Sudhakar P, Reddy N P Eswar. General and specific combining ability estimates of physiological traits for moisture stress tolerance in groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.). International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology. 2011 Oct-Dec; 2(4): 470-481.