Potentiation of analgesia and reversal of tolerance to morphine by calcium channel blockers.

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dc.contributor.authorVerma, Ven_US
dc.contributor.authorMediratta, P Ken_US
dc.contributor.authorSharma, K Ken_US
dc.date.accessioned2009-05-28T14:01:33Z
dc.date.available2009-05-28T14:01:33Z
dc.date.issued2001-07-22en_US
dc.description.abstractEffect of four calcium channel blockers (CCBs) belonging to different chemical classes, alone and in combination with morphine was investigated on two models of pain sensitivity, i.e. formalin and tail flick tests in mice. All the studied CCBs, i.e. diltiazem, flunarizine, nimodipine and verapamil inhibited formalin-induced pain responses; however, with verapamil, though there was a trend towards a reduction of paw-licking response to formalin, it was not found to be statistically significant. In contrast, none of the CCBs affected the tail flick latency at any of the doses studied. Morphine, a mu-receptor agonist exerted a significant analgesic effect in formalin as well in tail flick tests. Pretreatment with all CCBs significantly enhanced the analgesic effect of morphine in both tests of nociception. Further, concomitant administration of one of the CCBs, diltiazem with morphine prevented the development of tolerance to the latter. However, combination of diltiazem with morphine, like morphine alone was found to be ineffective in morphine tolerant animals. Results, thus, show that CCBs produced an analgesic effect of their own in formalin-induced tonic pain and potentiated the analgesic activity of morphine. They also modulated opioid-induced tolerance.en_US
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Pharmacology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India. dbmi@ucms.ernet.inen_US
dc.identifier.citationVerma V, Mediratta PK, Sharma KK. Potentiation of analgesia and reversal of tolerance to morphine by calcium channel blockers. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 2001 Jul; 39(7): 636-42en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/60173
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.niscair.res.in/ScienceCommunication/ResearchJournals/rejour/ijeb/ijeb0.aspen_US
dc.subject.meshAnalgesiaen_US
dc.subject.meshAnimalsen_US
dc.subject.meshCalcium Channel Blockers --pharmacologyen_US
dc.subject.meshDiltiazem --pharmacologyen_US
dc.subject.meshDrug Interactionsen_US
dc.subject.meshDrug Toleranceen_US
dc.subject.meshFemaleen_US
dc.subject.meshFlunarizine --pharmacologyen_US
dc.subject.meshMaleen_US
dc.subject.meshMiceen_US
dc.subject.meshMorphine --pharmacologyen_US
dc.subject.meshNimodipine --pharmacologyen_US
dc.subject.meshPain Threshold --drug effectsen_US
dc.subject.meshVerapamil --pharmacologyen_US
dc.titlePotentiation of analgesia and reversal of tolerance to morphine by calcium channel blockers.en_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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