The Rabbit Model of Femoral Bone Defects: Steps to Overcome Potential Pitfalls.

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dc.contributor.authorDontas, Ismene
dc.contributor.authorNeri, Anna-Aikaterini
dc.contributor.authorZafeiris, Christos
dc.contributor.authorSchizas, Nikitas
dc.contributor.authorNacopoulos, leopatra
dc.contributor.authorVesalas, Anna-Maria
dc.contributor.authorPapadopoulos, Triantaphyllos
dc.contributor.authorMouzakis, Dionysios
dc.contributor.authorPapaioannou, Nikolaos
dc.date.accessioned2017-01-28T06:49:11Z
dc.date.available2017-01-28T06:49:11Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractAims: To identify the potential pitfalls and indicate procedures to prevent them, during the evaluation of biomaterials for orthopaedic and craniofacial research in the New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit animal model of femoral bone defects. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System, School of Medicine, University of Athens, between June 2014 and July 2015. Materials and Methods: Pre-emptive analgesia (carprofen 2.2 mg/kg sc), chemoprophylaxis (enrofloxacin 10 mg/kg sc) and anaesthesia (ketamine/xylazine 30/5 mg/kg im) were administered to NZW rabbits (body weight 3.3±0.2 kg, mean ± SD) for the aseptic surgical creation of drilled bone defects of 6 mm diameter (“critical size defect”) in the external femoral condyle of the left limb. All rabbits recovered without post-surgical complications from the first postoperative day. Results and Discussion: Although the research group consisted of Veterinarians and Orthopaedic Surgeons with experience in this model, they were challenged with potential pitfalls which were overcome step by step. Among them is the precise localization of the defect to be drilled. Intra-operative palpation of the external femoral condyle assists in determining the site, and post-operative X-ray evaluation confirms it. Additionally the correct width and depth of the bone defect are important to adhere to, which was achieved by using a 5.5 mm diameter bone drill and observing its depth marks. Another challenge is to have the specific amount of biomaterial implanted confined to the defect. Its potential distribution in the femoral shaft, diffusion in the metaphysial trabecular bone or excessive covering of the bone surface, are also pitfalls to be avoided. Conclusions: The increased use of this animal model in the evaluation of biomaterials in orthopaedic and craniofacial research requires knowledge, skills, surgical accuracy and attention to a sequence of steps, in order to achieve homogenous results and high repeatability of the implantation technique. With the fulfillment of these conditions, the extraction of valid scientific results and reduction of the number of animals used are possible.en_US
dc.identifier.citationDontas smene, Neri Anna-Aikaterini, Zafeiris Christos, Schizas Nikitas, Nacopoulos Cleopatra, Vesalas Anna-Maria, Papadopoulos Triantaphyllos, Mouzakis Dionysios, Papaioannou Nikolaos. The Rabbit Model of Femoral Bone Defects: Steps to Overcome Potential Pitfalls.British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research. 2016; 13(4): 1-8.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2231-0614
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/182537
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.sciencedomain.org/abstract/12999en_US
dc.subjectAnimal modelen_US
dc.subjectcritical size defecten_US
dc.subjectfemuren_US
dc.subjectNew Zealand Whiteen_US
dc.subjectrabbit.en_US
dc.titleThe Rabbit Model of Femoral Bone Defects: Steps to Overcome Potential Pitfalls.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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