Tranexamic acid in paediatric cardiac surgery.
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2003-08-19
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BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Antifibrinolytic agents are used commonly in adult cardiac surgery to reduce postoperative blood loss. Paucity of literature on the use of a newer antifibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid (TA) in children undergoing cardiac surgery promoted us to conduct this study in children with cyanotic heart disease.
METHODS: One hundred and twenty consecutive children with cyanotic heart disease were randomised into two groups. Control (group A) (n=24) given no drug while the study (group B, n=96) group was given tranexamic acid 10 mg/kg each after anaesthetic induction, on bypass and after protamine at the end of bypass. Postoperatively, total mediastinal chest tube drainage and blood and blood product usage at 24 h were recorded. Tests of coagulation including activated clotting time, fibrinogen, fibrin degradation products and platelet count were performed at 6 h postoperatively.
RESULTS: The two groups were comparable in terms of demographic characteristics such as age, sex, weight, operations performed, and preoperative haematocrit. Postoperatively, group B, had a significantly (P<0.05) lower blood loss, blood and blood product usage, re-exploration rate compared to the control group. There was preservation of fibrinogen and lower levels of fibrin degradation products in group B. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Tranexamine acid was highly effective in reducing post-operative blood loss, blood and blood product usage in children with congenital cyanotic heart disease undergoing corrective surgery.
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Chauhan S, Bisoi A, Modi R, Gharde P, Rajesh MR. Tranexamic acid in paediatric cardiac surgery. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2003 Aug; 118(): 86-9