Inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 by podophyllotoxin: Implication for clinical drug–drug interactions.
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Date
2011-12
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Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PPT) and its derivatives exert significant anti-cancer activities, and one derivative etoposide is
often utilized to treat various cancers in the clinic. The aim of the present study is to investigate the inhibitory
effects of PPT on major cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms in human livers. Inhibition of CYP3A4, CYP2C9,
CYP2C8, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP2A6 by PPT was investigated in the human liver microsomal system.
Time-dependent inhibition of CYP3A4 by PPT was also evaluated. The results showed that PPT strongly
exhibited inhibitory effects on CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 in a concentration-dependent manner. Half inhibition
concentration (IC50) was 1.1±0.3 and 4.6±0.3 μM for CYP3A4 and CYP2C9, respectively. Inhibition kinetic
analysis showed that PPT exhibited competitive inhibition towards CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 with Ki of 1.6 and
2.0 μM, respectively. Additionally, PPT exerted time-dependent inhibition towards CYP3A4 and the kinetic
parameters were 4.4±2.1 μM and 0.06±0.01 min–1 for KI and kinact, respectively. Our experimental data indicate
that potential drug–drug interaction (DDI) might exist when PPT is co-administered with the substrates which
mainly undergo CYP3A4- or CYP2C9-mediated metabolism.
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Keywords
Cytochrome P450 (CYP), drug–drug interaction (DDI), podophyllotoxin (PPT), time-dependent inhibition (TDI)
Citation
Song Jin-Hui, Sun Dong-Xue, Chen Bin, Ji Dai-Hong, Pu Jie, Jie Xu, Tian Feng-De, Guo Lin. Inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 by podophyllotoxin: Implication for clinical drug–drug interactions. Journal of Biosciences. 2011 Dec; 36 (5): 879-895.