A Study of Ectopic Pregnancy at Tertiary Care Hospital
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Date
2024-01
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Publisher
FORUM: Fraternity of national Research & pUblication Society of Medical sciences
Abstract
Introduction: The word ectopic is originated from a Greek word; ‘EKTOPOS’ meaning “out of the the place”. The term “Ectopic Gestation” is applied to pregnancy where fertilized ovum becomes implanted at the site other than endometrial lining of the normal uterine cavity. Ectopic pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal morbidity in first trimester. The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is approximately 1.5-2% worldwide. Increased use of the intrauterine devices for contraception and use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are responsible factors for the ectopic pregnancy. Due to advance in modern technology like diagnostic laparoscopy, radioimmunoassay of HCG and ultrasonography diagnosis has become less difficult. Material and methods: This prospective study of ectopic pregnancy was carried out at Obstetrics & Gynaecology department of our institute from November 2022 to September 2023.All diagnosed cases of ectopic pregnancy were enrolled in the study. Information was collected in a pretested proforma and analyzed. Result: In this study incidence of ectopic pregnancy is 2.4/1000 live births. Out of 25 patients, 72% patients were between the age group of 21-30 years. In our study nulligarvida (36%) were found to be more prone to have an ectopic pregnancy. Amenorrhea with lower abdominal pain (90%) is the most common presenting symptom. Tubal ectopic pregnancy (96%) was the commonest site of ectopic pregnancy. Conservative medical management was done in 1patients. Multi-dose methotrexate regimen was used inpatient and were treated successfully. Laparoscopic management was done in 16%of cases. Laparotomy was done in 80%of patients. Conclusion: It has been observed that ectopic pregnancy remains the most lethal and morbid gynaecological emergency in child bearing age. Early identification of underlying risk factors, diagnosis with the essential aids like trans vaginal ultrasound and beta hCG and timely intervention in the form of medical or surgical treatment will definitely help in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with ectopic pregnancy & improve the future reproduction outcome.
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Keywords
ectopic pregnancy, triad (pain, amenorrhoea, bleeding), obstetrics emergency
Citation
Shihora Kartavya Y., Vaghasiya Meera B., Panchal Vaishali P.. A Study of Ectopic Pregnancy at Tertiary Care Hospital. Indian Journal of Applied Basic Medical Sciences. 2024 Jan; 26A(1): 1-9