Evaluation of Haematinic Activity and Subchronic Toxicity of Sphenocentrum jollyanum (Menispermaceae) Seed Oil.
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Date
2011-10
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Abstract
Aim: The haematinic activity and subchronic toxicity of Sphenocentrum jollyanum
(Menispermaceae) seed oil was evaluated and compared with the control.
Materials and Methods: In acute toxicity study the animals tolerated up to 16 g/kg
body weight (bw) of the extract in 2 % Tween 80 solution administered orally after 24
hrs fast. Another set of mice (6 per group) fasted for 24 hrs were administered with the
extract intra-peritoneal (IP) at different doses (250, 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg bw) until
100% mortality was achieved. In subchronic toxicity study, 300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg bw
of the extract in 2 % Tween 80 were administered on the animals for 120 days.
Results: In acute toxicity study, the extract was found to be non toxic when it was
administered orally for up to 16 g/kg bw within 24 hrs. Subchronic toxicity test showed
no mortality after 120 days of oral administration. The animals showed appreciable
increase in feeding habit and water intake. Increase in body and vital organs weights
occurred while tissue histology showed no abnormal features. The liver function profile
showed no significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) compared to the control except for the
albumin that increased markedly. The extract led to significant increase (p < 0.05) in
RBC. The packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin count (Hb) increased with
increase in dose. On the other hand, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean
corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration
(MCHC) and white blood cells (WBC), did not vary markedly. Similarly, WBC
differentials did not record appreciable difference compared to the control.
Conclusion: The result showed that SJ seed oil possessed haematinic and hepato-protective property thereby justifying its therapeutic use in traditional medicine.
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Keywords
Sphenocentrum jollyanum, seed oil, haematinic activity, toxicity
Citation
Mbaka G O, Owolabi M A. Evaluation of Haematinic Activity and Subchronic Toxicity of Sphenocentrum jollyanum (Menispermaceae) Seed Oil. European Journal of Medicinal Plants. 2011 Oct-Dec; 1(4): 140-152.