Diabetes and Oral Health – A Review.
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Date
2016-03
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Abstract
Oral health is an integral component of the general health. There is increasing evidence to suggest that oral health and
systemic health are interrelated to each other. Evidence indicates that diabetes mellitus has a major role in altering the
oral environment. The oral manifestation is generally seen in uncontrolled or poorly controlled diabetic patients due to
reduction in defense mechanism and the increased susceptibility to infections. Both advanced periodontal disease and
dental caries may lead to the loss of teeth. Xerostomia is also a common symptom in diabetics. Hypo salivation and
changes in salivary composition may contribute to the increased susceptibility to oral infections, impaired wound healing
and increased rate of dental caries in diabetics. Fungal infections are more common in type 1 and type 2 diabetics than
in non-diabetics and the oral infections appear to be more severe in diabetics than in non-diabetics. Periodontal disease
is considered as a sixth complication of diabetes mellitus. The other frequently encountered clinical signs are, gingival
polyps, periodontitis, periodontal abscess, loosened teeth due to bone loss, delayed post surgical healing and striking
enlargement and erythema of the attached gingiva.
It is worth to review the available literature so that one can have a comprehensive knowledge and understanding of the
oral manifestation related to diabetes mellitus which in turn will help dentists in taking necessary precautions, while
delivering oral health care services for patients with diabetes mellitus.
Description
Keywords
Diabetes mellitus, Periodontal disease, Dental Caries
Citation
Gowdar Inderjit Murugendrappa, Almuhaiza Mohammed. Diabetes and Oral Health – A Review. Annals of International Medical and Dental Research. 2016 Mar-Apr; 2(2): 2-8.