The Relationships between Thyroid Hormones and the Brain Serotonin (5-Ht) System and Mood: Of Synergy and Significance in the Adult Brain- A Review.
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Date
2014-07
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Abstract
The use of thyroid hormones as an effective adjunct treatment for affective disorders has been studied over the past
three decades and has been conformed repeatedly. Interaction of the thyroid and monoamine neurotransmitter systems
has been suggested as a potential underline mechanism of action. While catecholamine and thyroid interrelationships
have been reviewed in detail, the serotonin system has been relatively neglected. Thus, the goal of this article is to
review the literature on the relationship between thyroid hormones and the brain serotonin (5-HT) system. In humans,
neuroendocrine challenge studies in hypothyroid patients have shown a reduced 5-HT responsiveness that is
reversible with replacement therapy.
In the majority of the studies, the effects of thyroid hormone administration in animals will experimentally-induced
hypothyroid sates include an increase in cortical 5-HT concentrations and a desensitization of auto inhibitory 5-HT1A
receptors in the rap he area, resulting in disinhibition of cortical hippocampal 5-HT release. Furthermore, there is
some indication that thyroid hormones may increase cortical 5-HT2 receptor sensitivity. In conclusion, there is robust
evidence, particularly from animal studies, that the thyroid economy has a modulating impact in the brain serotonin
system. Thus it is postulated that one mechanism, among others, through which exogenous thyroid hormones may
exert their modulatory effects in affective illness is via an increase in serotonergic neurotransmission, specifically by
reducing the sensitivity of 5-HT1A auto receptors in the raphe area, and by increasing 5-HT2 receptor sensitivity.
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Keywords
Serotonin system, T3, T4, thyroid system, adult brain, 5-HT receptor, mood modulation, affection disorders, depression
Citation
Rahman M H, Ali M Y. The Relationships between Thyroid Hormones and the Brain Serotonin (5-Ht) System and Mood: Of Synergy and Significance in the Adult Brain- A Review. Faridpur Medical College Journal. 2014 July; 9(2): 98-101.