Periodontal pathogens in atheromatous plaque.
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Date
2014-04
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Abstract
Background: There has been increasing attention paid in recent years to
the possibility that oral bacterial infection, particularly periodontal disease
may infl uence the initiation and or progression of systemic diseases. These
studies confi rm the observation that heart disease is the most commonly
found systemic condition in patients with periodontal disease. Moreover, the
literature has also highlighted substantial evidence indicating the presence
of Gram-negative periodontal pathogens in atheromatous plaques. Aim: This
study intends to investigate the possible association between periodontal health
and coronary artery disease by evaluating periodontal status, association
between the periodontal plaque and coronary atheromatous plaques for
presence of micro-organisms such as, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans,
Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Tannerella forsythia.
Materials and methods: A case-control study was designed with seven
patients who had undergone coronary endarterectomy for cardiovascular
disease and 28 controls. The periodontal examination for cases was performed
1 day before vascular surgery and the controls were clinically examined. The
atheromatous plaque sample collected during endarterectomy and the intraoral
plaque samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction for identifi cation
of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and T. forsythia.
Results: The presence of periodontal bacteria DNA in coronary atheromatous
plaques and sub-gingival plaque samples of the same patients was confi rmed
by this study. CONCLUSION A correlation was established between putative
bacteria contributing to atheromatous plaques and species associated with
periodontal disease. One particularly important study to be carried out is the
investigation of a possible clinically meaningful reduction in coronary heart
disease resulting from the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease.
Description
Keywords
Atheroma, dental plaque, polymerase chain reaction
Citation
Rath Saroj K, Mukherjee Manish, Kaushik R, Sen Sourav, Kumar Mukesh. Periodontal pathogens in atheromatous plaque. Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology. 2014 Apr-Jun 57 (2): 259-264.