Srinagarind Medical Journal

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SMJ Policy is to encourage distribution of scientific information in medical and health sciences. It publishes seven types of article; medical innovation, original article, case report, review article, conference, symposium and letter to editor.

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Clinical Radiology Teaching and Learning Process Assessment among the Fifth Year Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University.
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-01-02) Jaturat Kanpittaya; Piyathida Kuhirunyarat; Chongchareon Metta; Montien Pesee
Rationale: Clinical radiology is currently the one core course of medical curriculum and important to the fifth year medical students in order to curative planning and diagnosis. Regarding the time limitation, the fifth year medical students only have four weeks to studying clinical radiology course. Due to course improving and in line with the medical education quality assurance, therefore, this study was being held.Objectives: This study sought to determine the point of view of the fifth year medical students regarding to teaching and learning process of the 372 581 Clinical Radiology Course.Research design: Descriptive studyPopulation study: One hundred and thirty-four of the fifth year medical students at Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University who registered in 2006 academic year.Methods: Self administered questionnaire using Likert scale (1-5 score) and quality controlled by expert content validity consultation and reliability testing (alpha 0.8). By using Microsoft Excels 2003, Epi info V.6 for data double entry and SPSS for descriptive statistics. Results: A total 134 questionnaires were distributed at Department of Radiology with 97.00 % response rate. Males comprised 48.50% and females 51.50% of the sample, respectively. More than half of the study samples GPA were 3.00-4.00 (56.20%) and 43.90% of the samples were achieved GPA 2.00-2.99. The study samples reveal the teaching and learning process evaluation of this course in high level (4.29 + 0.38). In each part of teaching and learning process, the sample also had shown high level. There were; (1) content (4.29 + 0.47), (2) course management (4.19 + 0.50), (3) lecturers (4.45 + 0.44), (4) learners (4.31 + 0.40), (5) measurement and evaluation (4.21 + 0.48), (6) instructional media and facility materials (4.31+ 0.51). In addition, there were no statistically significance between the teaching and learning process mean score among the fifth year medical student GPA group ( 2.00-2.99 and 3.00-4.00) (p \> 0.05). However, there were statistically significance between the teaching and learning process mean score among the fifth year medical student gender (male-female) in part of instructional media and facility materials (p
Incidence, Causes and Relation to Age and Sex of Pediatrics Accidents Potharam General Hospital, Ratchaburi
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-01-02) Phayom Udomkam
Background: Accidents and injuries were the leading causes of deaths in Thai children; especially they drowned and had traffics accidents. The studies of incidence, causes and outcomes of injuries in children are useful for prevention and reduction of these accidents.Objective: To study incidence, relations between sex, age and causes of accidents in children from 0 - 15 years old.Design: Retrospective descriptive StudySetting: Potharam General Hospital, RatchaburiPopulation: Eight hundred and twenty-three injured children, aged 0-15 years old, as inpatients of Potharam General Hospital, Ratchaburi province, during the year of 2004-2007.Method: The raw data were collected from inpatient’s medical records.Statistics: Descriptive statistical analysisResults: Most accidents occurred in boys, with ratio of girls and boys of 1:1.78. Leading cause of death was traffics accidents (37.2%). Most injured children were in the ages of 11-15 years (41.2 %) and 6-10 years (30.3%). Most of incidences were traffic accidents and falls. Those of the age of 1-5 years were falls, insect bites, and chemical poisonings. Three of them drowned and three died of traffic accidents.Conclusion: Children of each age group had individual specific risks of accidents. Counseling of injury prevention in children should be especially for each age group.Key words: Pediatrics accidents, incidence
Unexpected Cardiac Arrest and Anesthesia
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-01-02) Polpun Boonmak
Abstract not available
The Effect Multimedia on Using Web-Based Learning with Cooperative Learning in Medical Photography Production II
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2011-01-08) Dusadee Musikpodoke; Songpol Oopachitakul
Background and Objective: In the current education reform and learning process, instructor must use learning methods which match with information technology. Therefore, teaching management must be changed to fit with the present tendency. This will encourage learners to be able to seek knowledge from several sources, especially in Medical Photography Production II The objectives are: 1) To study learners. learning achievement by Multimedia of web based-learning with cooperative learning in Medical learners opinion Photography Production II, 2) To study the learners, opinions toward using this model.Methods and setting: One Group of included Pretest-Posttest Design in the Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University Research tools included the following: 1) The learning activity framework, 2) 4 topics Multimedia Using Web-Based Learning, 3) The questionnaire about the learners, opinions toward Multimedia of Web-Based Learning.Results: The improvement of learners, learning achievement scores in 361 391 Medical Photography Production II were evident in this study. The learners, opinions toward learning by using Multimedia on web based with cooperative learning demonstrated that web based with cooperative learning could help students to review and strengthen their knowledge more than the conventional method. In addition, cooperative learning could also enable the students to search and exchange their knowledge as many times as possible.Conclusion: They have made good progress by carning 60% and better as expected.Keywords: Multimedia on web based-learning, Learning achievement, Cooperative learning .
Herb and Drug Interaction
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-01-02) Wichittra Tassaneeyakul; Weeraya Dumrongsakunchai; Wongwiwat Tassaneeyakul
Abstract not available
Recombinant Human TSH-Mediated Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2011-01-08) Charoonsak Somboonporn
Roles of recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) has been extensively studied during the past ten years in the management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Since it is convenient, safe and equally effective in the treatment with radioactive iodine and in the follow-up procedures after treatment, rhTSH has been used increasingly and is now considered a method to replace the conventional thyroid hormone withdrawal in the management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. This review article aims to provide the evidence regarding the use of rhTSH in various aspects of taking care of this kind of patients, both in terms of treatment of the disease and follow-up of the disease.
Comparison of Intrauterine Tuboperitoneal Insemination and Intrauterine Insemination on Pregnancy Rate : Preliminary Report
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2011-01-08) Surangtip Thangwijitra; Supat Sinawat; Kanok Seejorn; Thanida Pongsritasana
Background and objective: Intrauterine insemination (IUI) after ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate has been a mainstay of therapy for couples suffering from non-tubal infertility because IUI is a simple, non-invasive, and cost-effective technique. Pregnancy rates after IUI were 8% to 15% on the average. Although the number of available follicles was increased by ovarian stimulation, the results are still not very promise. Because the clinical pregnancy rate of IUI in Srinagarind Hospital was 3.08%. The new insemination method for improving the clinical pregnancy rate was considered to be an alternative way technique which could be reduced cost and duration of treatment and avoid complication of the assisted reproductive technology. A preliminary RCT compared the clinical pregnancy rate of IUTPI and IUI was the main objective of the study.Methods: The study was conducted from April 1, 2007 to March 31, 2008 at Infertility clinic, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University. The volunteers were women with non-tubal infertility who met the inclusion criteria (unexplained infertility, minimal-mild endometriosis, mild oligozoospermia) and undergoing first treatment cycle were randomized to the study. Twenty eight women were randomized to the study and allocation to group A (IUTPI) or group B (IUI) on the day of insemination followed the ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citate (CC). On the day of 36-40 hours after hCG administration, IUTPI was performed by using a pediatric Foley's catheter size 8 F inseminating with 10 mL of sperm suspension and IUI was performed with 0.5 mL of sperm suspension by using the household IUI catheter.Results: A total of 28 cycles was completed treatment and followed up (16 IUTPI cycles and 12 IUI cycles).The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle was 6.3%(1/16) for IUTPI and 0%(0/12) for IUI, p=1.00. The ongoing pregnancy rate per cycle was 6.3%(1/16) for IUTPI and 0%(0/12) for IUI, p=1.00. No multiple pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and infection were occurred.Conclusion: This preliminary result of IUTPI after ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate might not be advantage over the standard IUI for couples with non-tubal infertility on pregnancy rate.Keywords: Intrauterine tuboperitoneal insemination, intrauterine insemination, clinical pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate
Chemical Stability and Sterility of Frozen Ganciclovir Injections
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-01-02) Janya Srisangchun; Chedsada Noppawinyoowong
Background: Intravitreal ganciclovir is a common treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in Thailand. Besides the adverse drug reactions, the major reason is that the cost of intravitreal ganciclovir therapy is far less than intravenous therapy. However, it is still considered expensive for many Thai patients to afford. It is pity that only 1-2 mg of ganciclovir is used and the rest of the solution (498 mg) is discarded for each vial. For economic reasons, the intravitreal injection is prepared as solution and stored in a frozen condition to extend the shelf life of the product.Objective: To study chemical stability and sterility of the frozen ganciclovir solution (20 mg/ml) during 180 days. Materials and Methods: Ganciclovir intravitreal injection was aseptically reconstituted with 0.9% sodium chloride injection (NSS) to make a final concentration of 20 mg/ml. The solution was filtered, into aliquot for 1 ml each sterile5-ml vial and stored at -20 oC. The samples were determined for the initial ganciclovir concentration on day 0 and the concentrations remaining on day 30, 60, 90 and 180 with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sterility of the samples was tested by direct inoculation method.Design: Experimental study.Setting: Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University.Results: Throughout the 180-day study period, means of the labeled amount were 100.69 - 101.1% and the mean ganciclovir concentrations at any sampling times were at least 99.66% of the initial concentration and no microbial growth was observed.Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that ganciclovir 20 mg/ml in 0.9% sodium chloride injection when stored in amber glass vials and frozen at - 20 oC was both chemically and biologically stable at least 180 days.Keywords: Chemical stability, Sterility, Frozen, Ganciclovir
A Retrospective Review of 418 Cases of Necrotizing Fasciitis in Sisaket Hospital
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-01-02) Tossaporn Uthisan
Background: Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening soft-tissue infection. Prompt diagnosis and immediate aggressive surgical debridement of all compromised tissues are critical to reducing morbidity and mortality in these rapidly progressive infectionsObjective: The purposes of descriptive research were to analyse the Necrotizing fasciitis in Sisaket Hospital during the year 2004 to 2006, including 418 patients, in terms of incidence, clinical feature, microbiology, location of infection, risk factors, sign symptoms, co-morbidity, the type of therapy used (debridement or amputation), treatment, drug sensitivity and outcome.Setting: Sisaket HospitalResearch Design: Retrospective descriptive researchMethods: The study retrospectively investigated the medical records of 418 patients who were diagnosed and treated for necrotizing fasciitis during the year 2004 to 2006 at our hospital.Results: The incidence in the year 2004 to 2006 of male to female ratio 1.2:1. Age 2-95 years. The most of their occupation were farmer (83.0%). The highest number of patients came to the hospital in March to June. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the common causative organism (26.3 %). Risk factors were the chronic wounds (24.9%), injury from sharp materials (16.2%) and minor lacerated wound (8.8%). The common location necrotizing fascitis was the subcutis of the leg (48.8%) and foot (28.5%). The comorbidity included hypovolumic shock (34.4%), septicemia (27.3%), diabetes mellitus (19.1%), and acute renal failure (14.8%). Pain and swelling occurred in most patients (44.0 %), and the presence of erythema and edema was variable; co-morbidity. Treatment included (86.6 %); debridement (92.5 %) and amputation to control infection. Eighty six point six percent of the patients were operated. An enhanced bactericidal response to amikacin was noted. There were 49 deaths (11.7%).Conclusions: Early recognition and treatment of necrotizing fasciitis and operative debridement was demonstrated to reduce mortality among patients with this condition. A high index of suspicion is important in view of the paucity of specific cutaneous findings early in the course of the disease.
Length, Diameter and Variations in Types of Portal vein formations in Northeastern Thais
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2011-01-08) Wunnee Chaijaroonkhanarak; Worawut Woraputtaporn; Pattama Amarttayakong; Jariya Umka; Kamoltip Brown; Wanassanan Pannangrong; Malivalaya Namking
Background: The portal vein is an intra-abdominal large vein. It drains the venous blood from the abdominal and pelvic parts of the digestive tract and its associated glands including the spleen, pancreas and gallbladder. Variations of its formation were previously reported in literatures. The anatomic dimensions of the portal vein and its variations of formation have not been established for Thais. Objectives of the present study is determine the length, diameter and variations in types of portal vein formations in Northeastern ThaisStudy design: A descriptive study based on anatomical dissection and morphometry.Setting: Gross Anatomy Laboratory Dissecting room at the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Subjects: Sixty five donated, embalmed Northeastern Thai cadavers (40 males; 25 females) ranging between 38 and 87 years of age at decease were used. Methods: All cadavers were dissected in order to approach the portal veins, superior mesenteric, splenic and inferior mesenteric veins. The length and diameter of each portal vein were measured by vernier caliper and recorded. Variations of the portal vein formation in relation to the termination or point of entry of the inferior mesenteric veins were determined and recorded.Results: The average length and diameter of the portal veins was 6.61 + 0.93 cm and 1.18 + 0.23 cm respectively. Of 65 cases, Type I of the portal vein, which was formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein was found in 55 cases of 65 cases (84.61%). The confluence of the superior mesenteric, splenic and inferior mesenteric veins to form the portal vein type II, occurred only in 10 cases (15.39%). Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the average lengths (6.61 + 0.93 cm) and diameters (1.18 + 0.23 cm) of the portal vein and the possible anatomic differences of its formation among Northeastern Thais. It was interesting to find that the superior mesenteric, splenic and inferior mesenteric veins join to form the portal vein occurred in 10 cases.
Hazard Perception and Preventive Performances o f Pesticide Applied to Jasmine and Gardenia of the Villagers Living in Sila Subdistrict, Muang district, Khon Kaen Province
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2011-01-08) Yupa Thavornpitak; Kingkaew Kedkovit; Witat Chanposri; Prasert Thavondunstid
Background and Objective : Pesticide misuse was not only dangerous to the user’s health but also harmful to the environment. Additionally, it also harm other people who are not concerning with. This research was conducted in order to examine the hazard perception and preventive performances of the pesticide utilization of the villagers who grow jasmines and gardenias and the one who make garlands.Methods : The research was cross-sectional descriptive study and there were 204 samples selected by simple random sampling. Interview technique with structural questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive data analyse were performed with 95% confidence interval.Results : The villagers realized the hazard of pesticide usage at low level of 24.0 percent (95% CI :18.1-30.0). The result found that the performances of the villager who grow jasmines and gardenias in preventing pesticide hazard were not right. One percent (95% CI: 0-1.4) stirred the pesticide with their hands. Three percent (95% CI : 0.7-9.8) opened the pesticide bottles with mouth. Five percent (95% CI : 1.4-12.4) blew the nozzle with mouth when it was blocked. Sixty eight percent (95% CI : 57.8-77.8) mixed various kinds of pesticide . Twenty six percent (95% CI : 16.9-35.8) did not close their mouth and nose while spraying pesticide. Eighty one percent (95% CI : 71.4-91.0) pour the water used for cleaning equipment of spraying pesticide in water or area near water sources. Thirty four percent (95% CI : 23.4-44.5) collected the flower same day of spraying pesticide. The result concerning with the villager who make garlands found that 52.8 percent (95% CI : 45.4-60.1) did not avoid smelling jasmines. Thirty nine percent (95% CI : 32.0-46.4) used their hands to take some foods to mouth while making garlands. One percent (95% CI 0.1-3.9) floated jasmines in syrup or coconut milk. Thirty percent (95% CI 23.1-36.5) did not wash their hands with soup after making garlands. Conclusions : It shows that the performances of the villagers in preventing pesticide hazard were not right, especially mixing various kinds of pesticide , pouring the water used for cleaning equipment of spraying pesticide in water or area near water sources and collecting the flower on the same day of spraying pesticide. Natural water sources become contaminated by pesticides and increase the risk of exposing hazardous pesticides.Keywords : Pesticide Hazard perception
Sonographic Detection of Stomach Lesion Comparison with Upper GI Study
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-01-02) Somporn Yuanpun
Background: It has recently reported that dedicated transabdominal ultrasound can assess stomach wall thickness which may be increased in neoplasia, gastritis or ulcers. In Sisaket Hospital, ultrasound is usually used as the first imaging modality in a large variety of abdominal complaints.Objective: To assess the ability of abdominal sonogram to reveals stomach lesion in comparison with upper GI study as a gold standard.Materials and Methods: The study group was consisted of 30 patients evaluated with both abdominal ultrasonography and upper GI study in Sisaket Hospital during January 1, 2007 to March 4, 2008. The sonographic images were study for thickness of stomach wall. Upper GI study reports were compared with the ultrasound results. Wall thickness findings on sonography were significantly associated with the abnormal findings on upper GI study.Results: The retrospective review of upper GI study reports revealed 3 gastritis, one gastric antral ulcer, and 26 normal stomach finding. The sonography of stomach revealed 24 examinations with normal wall thickness, 6 increased wall thickness and failed to diagnosis stomach lesion 4 examinations. The stomach wall thickening 6 mm. or greater at sonographic imaging had 75% sensitivity, 88% specificity, 50% positive predictive value, 95% negative predictive value and 86% accuracy in diagnosis of stomach lesions, comparison with upper GI study.Conclusion: Stomach ultrasonography is a supportive diagnostic modality. The ultrasound finding of wall thickening is non specific, which cannot be diagnosis with ultrasound alone.Key words: Stomach wall thickness, abdominal ultrasound
Indications and Visual Results of Penetrating Keratoplasty in Udonthani Hospital Between 1997 and 2006 : a Retrospective Review of 84 Cases
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-01-02) Sirivat Chaiear
Background: Penetrating keratoplasty (PK) is one of the successful organ transplantations. However, it is not widely performed because of the limitation of cornea donated. According to this limitation, the Eye Bank region 6 (Udonthani Hospital) of Thai Red Cross, has then performed an active system for recruiting corneas since 1997. Since then the system has made the possibility of PK.Objectives: To study 1) the indications for PK and its complications, 2) the visual acuity prior to and after PK and 3) the clearances of transplanted corneas.Materials and methods: A retrospective review of 84 patients who had their PK performed was conducted between 1st January 1997 and 31st December 2006. Data was retrieved from the patient’s medical and analyzed using a descriptive statistics.Setting: Udonthani Hospital, Udonthani, ThailandStudied patients: A total of 84 patients with 94 eyes who were needed to have a PK were studied.Measurements: Data was analyzed for age, gender, indications for PK and its complications, visual results, and percentage of cornea clearance at 12 months after PK.Results: For the period of nine years, the most common indications for PK were corneal scar 29.9%, followed by Pseudophakic or Aphakic cornea decompression 28.7%. After the PK, the patients’ visuals were improved 51.1%, the same as before 21.3% and worsen 19%. At the 12 months of follow up, the corneas remained clear as high as 67%. However, redrafts were presented 12.8 % and eight of these were graft rejection and the remaining was a primary donor failure. The most common complication found in this operation was an elevated intraocular pressure (10 cases). In this review, there were 127 donated corneas and the majority of 80.3% came from the active system of cornea donation.Conclusion: Corneal scar was the most common cause for PK and half of the PK cases showed the better improvement of their visions. Most of the corneas transplanted were obtained directly from the active system.Keywords: corneal scar, penetrating keratoplasty, eye bank, Thai Red Cross
Assessment of customers satisfaction with 2007 graduates in Technology in Biomedical Communications Program of Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2011-01-08) Chongchareon Metta
Background and objective : The customer,s satisfaction assessment is an essential task to learn about the performance and characteristics of the graduates in Technology in Biomedical Communications . The result to be gained is the useful information in\ regard to the improvement of the desirable graduates and quality assurance. This study aims to assess the customer,s satisfaction with the 2007\ Graduates in Technology in Biomedical Communications, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University.Methods: Prospective descriptive study in target group 21 questionnaires were self \– administered by the customers. Material and method : self \– administered questionnaires using Likert\ scale (1-5 score) (5 = excellent, 4 = good, 3 = fair, 2 = poor, and 1 = very poor, need improvement) covering 18 items in 3 aspects, viz : (1) academic/competency\ (2) performance, and (3) ethic\ were sent\ by\ mail to their customers. The SPSS for the returned questionnaires were analized statistically, percentage,\ mean and standard deviation.\ Results: The result was 100% of response rate from\ their customers. The study found\ that the customer,s satisfaction of the 2007\ graduates\ were rank at 4 (good) in all aspects : The academic/competency (4.01+0.45),\ performance\ (4.07+0.42)\ and\ ethic (4.46+0.46).Conclusion: The overall satisfaction was at high level. This study also found that the satisfaction scoring by the customers was 4.280.56. However, the study revealed some opinions about\ their customers perspectives were beneficial for the improvement Technology in Biomedical Communications Program courses with regards to the customer ciented graduates.Key Words: Satisfaction assessment, Technology in Biomedical Communications, Ranking Scale of 5\ \
The Comparative Study of Quality of Life between the Medical Students and General Population in Samleam Community at the Same Age Group
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-01-02) Chatchai Anusornteerakul; Karnkawin Patharateeranart; Chutarat Chaiweerapandej; Passawan Rungsiprakarn; Manop Kanato; Narumon Sinsupan
Background: Medical knowledge is growing dramatically. Medical students need to adjust their learning behavior as well as their private life to cope with this transition. Thus, their quality of life may differ from the general population. Objective: To compare quality of life between medical students and general population in the same age groupDesign: Cross-sectional analytical studySetting: Khon Kaen Medical School and a selected urban community in Khon Kaen downtown.Population and Samples: Systematic sampling was performed for both groups, at equal samples of 118 each. Tool: Self-administered questionnaire which compose of demographic data and WHOQOLBREF Thai was employed.Analysis: Mean, SD, median, percent as well as 95% CI, odds ratio, chi-square were employed.Results: Of 236 questionnaires distributed, 199 were returned with response rate of 86.4% for medical students and 82.2% for youth group. Age distribution was similar with the median of 21 and 22. Economic status of the medical students seemed superior to youth group. More than 60% of medical students perceived themselves as good quality of life which was significantly higher than that of the youth (35.1%) (p
Factors Related to Anesthetic Equipment Loss at Srinagarind Hospital,
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-06-20) Wilawan Somdee; Akkharawat Sinkueakunkit; Kochakorn Palacheewa; Pumpuang Kingsangwal; Tippawan Muknumporn
Background and Objective: During anesthesia and the post-operative period, standard equipment and monitoring are essential. Srinagarind hospital has over one thousand items of equipment for its 20 operating rooms and 2 post-anesthesia care units (PACU). Based on a survey between October 2007 and September 2008, it was discovered that 18 items of anesthetic equipment went missing, worth between 30,000 and 40,000 Baht. The objectives of this study were to identify the factors related to equipment loss and to find strategies to prevent or mitigate losses.Methods : We conducted qualitation research, using basic data regarding equipment losses derived from a problem-solving fishbone diagram that emerged during a departmental seminar in November 2008. Our responsive study ran between March and August 2009. The department provided the anesthetic equipment in all of the operating rooms and PACUs with checklist logs. When equipment went missing, researchers invited related personnel to discuss the loss and to find strategies for prevention (Focus group discussion). The summary of the data collected and response protocols were later presented at a departmental conference.Results : The focus group discussions during study period involved 150 personnel, comprising anesthesia personnel (60/150, 40%), operating room personnel (30/150, 20%), intensive care personnel (20/150, 13.3%) and laundry personnel (40/150, 26.7%). The study revealed that the intradepartmental factors related to equipment loss were personnel, work pattern, management, time of work, the involved equipment and the budget. But extradepartmental factors had specific differences depend on personnel groups. The process resulted in four intradepartmental preventive guidelines and some activities within and outside the department.Conclusions : The factors related to anesthetic equipment loss involved both within and outside the department. Preventive guidelines have been established, including some activities both within and outside the department.Keywords : Anesthetic Equipment Loss
Glycosylation index in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2011-01-08) Pimpa Ratchawan; Jindarat Trakulthong; Wisut Kangwantrakul; Limthong Promdee
Background and objective : Glycosylation index is composed of glycosylation gap (GG), hemoglobin glycation index (HGI), fructosamine glycation index (FGI).\ The indeces are index calculated based on blood glucose (BG), fructosamine (F), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C).\ The purpose of this study was to compare these indices in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with various\ stages of nephropathy.Methods:\ HbA1C, BG and F were obtained from 104 T2DM patients (37 males, 67 females) at a single clinical visit at Buddhachinnaratana Hospital, Pitsanulok.\ The stages of nephropathy was divided into 3 groups according to albuminuria level; no nephropathy (n = 57), microalbuminuria (n = 29), and advanced nephropathy (n = 18).Results : Mean\±SD HbA1C = 7.9\±1.7%, F = 279\±69 mol/L, BG = 7.0\±1.9 mmol/L, GG = 0.0\±2.37, HGI = -0.23\±1.47, and FGI = -0.21\±63 were found in all subjects.\ Mean GG (0.55\±0.8), HGI (0.70\±1.5), and HbA1C (9.0\±1.8%) in patients with advanced nephropathy was significantly different from those with no nephropathy and microalbuminuria (P \< 0.05),Conclusions :\ Increasing levels of HbA1C indicate with worsening nephropathy in T2DM.\ Key words: Glycosylation index; type 2 diabetes mellitus; Microalbuminuria; Nephropathy\
Reliability of FACT-BL Questionnaire of Thai Version in Quality of Life Evaluation of Bladder Cancer Patients
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-10-05) Nattamon Vuttanon; Kanittha Ratanakanlaya
Background and objective: The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for patients with Bladder cancer (FACT-BL) is a well known quality of life assessment tool for bladder cancer patients in many countries but it has not been used in Thailand. The objective of this study was to test the FACT-BL questionnaire, Thai version, for reliability, in Thai bladder cancer patients.Methods: After the questionnaire translation following the instruction, this descriptive study was conducted between November 2008 and March 2009 in 45 bladder cancer patients who were treated at a university hospital between 1992-2007 and preferred to answer the questionnaire. Reliability of the questionnaire was analyzed by using the internal consistency coefficient and item-total correlation, as well as discrimination by using the t-test.Results: The internal consistency coefficient of this translated FACT-BL questionnaire was 0.88 whereas the subscale of physical well-being (PWB), social/family well-being (SWB), emotion well-being (EWB), functional well-being (FWB), and bladder cancer specific (BCS) were . 0.84, 0.76, 0.87, 0.92, and 0.59 respectively. Most of individual items were correlated with the corresponding group and had the power of discrimination also (p\< 0.05).Conclusion: FACT-BL questionnaire of Thai version has reliability, can be used for evaluating quality of life in Thai bladder cancer patients.Key words: Reliability, FACT-BL questionnaire, quality of life, bladder cancer patients
E - san Food Consumption of Elderly Patients with Bone and Joint Fracture Conditions in Udon Thani Hospital, Udon Thani Province
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2011-01-08) Anusorn Sanitchone; Suwalee Lowirakorn
Background and objective: Elderly people had been changed and declined as followed age by illness problems which affect on health status and quality of life. A survey of elderly patients in Udon Thani Hospital was found that the patients had weight loss, be bored with diet, and unsatisfactory with the food of hospital provided, because mostly lists of the food menu were a central regional food which not relevant with their contextual and food consumption behavior due to most patients were E-san people. The researcher has interested to study E-san food consumption of elderly patients with bone and joint fracture conditions in Udon Thani Hospital, which there will be information to plan the food for patients in the hospital continue. This study aims to the effects of E-san food providing for elderly patients with bone and joint fracture conditions in Udon Thani Hospital.Materials and Methods : This research was quasi-experimental study. Elderly patients of 48 cases the experimental group the control group who admitted to the bed of orthopedic ward in Udon Thani Hospital, Udon Thani Province. By using the descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, and the inferential statistics to compare the average of energy and mitrient intake food energy and nutrients and to compare satisfaction before and after the implementation.Results: The results were found that the experimental group was 66.7% of female; the control group was 75.0% of male, with the averaged age of both groups were 69 years old. The estimated 45.8% and 58.3% of their residences were in the district outside of Udon Thani Province. The average energy intake of the experimental group was 1,657.9 kcal/day and accounted for 94.8% of daily recommended intake and accounted for 68.4% of daily recommended intake. The average energy distribution from earbohydrate, protein and fat of the experimental group was 62.1%, 20.4%, and 17.4%, respectively; the control group received 57.9%, 19.1%, and 20.9%, respectively. The satisfaction of E-san food and normal food received in the hospital which consists of 6 categories including food menu; tasting; color of food; amount of food received; temperatures of food; and timing of food service, after the intervention were found that the mean score of experimental group and control group was 135.4, and 114.8, When compared the scores between the experimental and control groups it was found that the experimental group had higher scores than the control group statistically significant (p-value
Orthodontic tooth movement through maxillary sinus
(Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 2010-06-20) Sujidtra Chaiyasang; Supranee Deesamer
Abstract With the markly increased demand of adult orthodontic, orthodontists often face different problems from teenager patients. One of the most common problems is loss of posterior teeth. Orthodontic tooth movement for space closure in maxillary posterior area or intrusion of maxillary molar prior lower posterior prosthesis construction often faced pneumatization of maxillary sinus. The pneumatization of maxillary sinus may interfere orthodontic tooth movement. However, if proper force and mechanic are applied, tooth movement through maxillary sinus can be achieved. This review focuses on problem of pneumatization of maxillary sinus for orthodontic tooth movement, biomechanics, histological response, risk and complication.

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