Burma Health Sciences Research Journal

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    Serum haptoglobin in falciparum malaria patients during the acute phase of infection and following treatment
    (1989-04-01) Tin Shwe; Thein Than; Pe Than Myint; Ye Htut; Lin Soe; Win Myint
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    Some observations on the effect of berberine against trichomoniasis in Burmese women
    (1989-04-01) Myint Oo; Khin Ohn Lwin
    Vaginal swabs taken from 401 women with various kinds of discharge were collected in Pavlova's (1) transporting medium and examined for Trichomonas vaginalis microscopically and by 24-hr of cultivation at 37 degree C. 66(16.4 per cent) were positive for T. vaginalis, 52 (13.0 per cent) for Entamoeba histolytica and 18 (4.5 per cent) for both T. vaginalis and E. histolytica. In vitro sensitivity drug testing of berberine chloride were done prior to therapy using metronidazole as control. Metronidazole and berberine chloride were found to be trichomonadocidal at the concentrations of 5 and 50 mcg/ml respactively. Five patients were treated with metronidazole orally, 8 locally with trichomycin vaginal tablets, 17 with berberine chloride orally, 4 by intramuscular emetine hydrochloride injection and 19 by local and systemic treatments. Out of 17 patients, clinical cure was achieved by berberine chloride in 5 patients with negative cultures, and 8 patients with positive cultures.
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    The growth stimulating factor in parabiotic rats
    (1989-04-01) Maung Maung Cho; San Aung; Myo Thein
    Littermate Wistar rats were parabiosed at 30 days and daily individual food intake and individual weight gain of fifteen parabiotic pairs were recorded as control parabiotic pairs. Another fifteen pairs were used for the experiment in which one partner of parabiotic pair was completely fasted for 4 days and then refed ad libitum till body weight returned to the prefasting level and throughout the experiment, individual body weight changes and individual food intake of both partners of test parabiotic pairs were recorded. During fasting period, daily food intake and weight gain of non-fasted partner of test parabiotic pair increased significantly over that of the individual rat in control parabiotic pair. Moreover, weitht loss of fasted partner is same as that of individual fasted rat. The above findings indicated the presence of factor/factors in plasma of fasted partner stimulating food intake and growth of non-fasted partner of the test parabiotic pair. The present study also reveals that there is greater body weight increase per. g. food consumed (food conversion efficiency) of fasted partner during refeeding period whereas that of non-fasted partner decreased significantly during that period. Food intake and factors controlling it have been extensively studied by Physiologists and Nutritionists interested in growth and its regulation. Various extenal and endogenous stimuli initiate and terminate feeding. Of the endogenous stimuli humoral factors and their mode of action are the subjects of several recent studies (1,3,4,6). The present study is undertaken in order to further clarify and assess the role of humoral factor in the regulation of food intake and growth.
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    Clinical trial of indigenous antipyretic: Testing of antipyretic efficacy of five triditional medicine formulation on TAB-induce pyrexial volunteers
    (1989-04-01) Tha, Saw Johnson; Kyaw Nyein; Aung Naing
    Two grams each of five traditional medicine formulations (TMF), TMF-06, TMF-24, TMF-25, TMF-35A and TMF-35B- orally administered with 150 ml of betel leaf preparation, had underwent a clinical trial of antipyretic efficacy on a total of 315 TAB-induced pyrexial Burmese volunteers. Both positive control of acetyl sallicylate 600 mg orally and negative control of no drug treatment were included. The trial design was performed on a single (observer) blind basis. Effectiveness of the agents at the peak of induced pyrexia were observed for three hours. Only TMF-06 possessed the antipyretic efficacy (78-88 per cent) as could be observed in 87-96 per cent of responders, in comparison to those of the acetyl salicylate. Nevertheless, TMF-24 and TMF-35B showed a lesser antipyretic activity. Therefore, TMF-06 was found to be the most recommendable antipyretics to be used at indigenous medicine centres.
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    Intestinal secretory respone to enterotoxigenic E.coli heat-stables (ST) toxin by different strains of suckling mice and rat
    (1989-04-01) Khin Maung U; Nilar Khin; Swe Mar Kyi; Aye Myint Swe; Kathi Aye; Khin Maung Zaw
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    Patterns of acute renal failure in Russell's viper bite patients
    (1989-04-01) Tin Nu Swe; Myint Aye Mu; Myint Lwin; Tin Tun; Thein Than
    Fifty-two patients with acute renal failure due to Russell's viper bite were studied. 34 patients had oliguric and 18 had non-oliguric types of acute renal failure. There was a higher incidence of complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding, renal angle tenderness and facial oedema in patients with oliguria. These patients also had a higher serum creatinine, fractional excretion of sodium and renal failure index when compared to polyuric patients. Mortality rate was about 32 per cent inpatients with oliguria in spite of peritoneal dialysis in 8 patients. No patients in the polyuric group needed dialysis and none died. The difference may be due to more severe renal lesions in patients with oliguric acute renal failure.
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    Application of modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting virulent strains of enteroinvassive E.coli and Shigella
    (1989-04-01) Phyu Phyu Win; Tin Aye
    A virulent isolate of Shigella dysenteriae 1 strain, HW 829 wasd used for the production of specific antibody. Three rabbits (Japanese White strain) were immunized and the serum was obtained. These sera were absorbed with a virulent derivative of the same strain (i.e. HW 829). Tube agglutination titer of immune sera was varied from 1:1,280 to 1:5,120 with living and 1:5,120 to 1:20, 480 with boiled cells of the homologous strain. The absorbed sea were utilized as an antibody in ELISA assay using BIOTIN kit. The investigation of 33 Shigella and 22 enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) strains indicated complete agreement between ELISA results and those of the other virulence tests (Sereny test and HEP-2 tissue culture assay).
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    Malaria situation in a forested foot-hill area of Pegu Division
    (1989-04-01) Myo Paing; Tun Lin, W; Sein Min; Zaw Myint
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    The relationship between the intensity of malaria infections and different types of G-6-PD deficiency in children living in malaria endemic areas of Burma
    (1989-04-01) Myint Oo; Cho Cho Oo; Myint Lwin; Wai Wai Naing; Maung Mon
    The sample consisted of 88 males and 159 females from Taikkyi and Thantaung townships. Subjects were school children under 14 years of age. Using WHO (1969) standard methods and recently developed cytochemical method (Van Noorden & Vogels 1985) 14 (15.9 per cent) G-6-PD deficient males (hemizygous), 7(4.4 per cent) homozygous females and 17(10.7 per cent) heterozygous females were detected. Out of 14 hemizygous males, 5 were positive with P. falciparum and 3 were positive with P. vivax. In 7 homozygous females, one was infected with P falciparum and two with P. vivax. Out of 17 heterozygous females, 6 were infected with P falciparum and two with P vivax P. falciparum parasitaemia in normal male was 6.0 per cent (mean of 19 subjetcs), male G-6-PD hemizygote was 1.0 per cent (mean of 5 subjects), female G-6-PD normal was 8.6 per cent (mean of 34 subjects), female G-6-PD homozygote was 1.2 per cent (one subject only), and female heterozygote was 1.0 per cent (mean of 6 subjects). P. vivax parasitaemia in male G-6-PD hemizygote was 1.0 per cent (mean 1.0 per cent (mean of 3 subjects), female G-6-PD normal was 6.2 per cent (mean of 9 subjects), female G-6-PD heterozygote was 1.0 per cent (mean of 2 subjects). The cytochemical staining method was also used to distinguish the intensity of malarial parasites in individual cells of heterozygotes. It was observed that the malaria parasites infect both G-6-PD deficient and normal cells but parasitaemia was significantly and uniformly lower in deficient cells (normal cells = 0.8 + or - SE 0.ll8; dificient cells = 0.4 + or - SE 0.052) (P<0.01).
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    Monitoring the efficacy of melfloquine quinine and amodiaquine by in vivo and in vitro studies in uncomplicated falciparum malaria
    (1989-04-01) Kyaw Win; Ye Thwe; Aung Kyaw Zaw; Yin Yin Htun; Khin Maung Thwin; Myint Lwin