International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

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https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/150276

Editor: Dr. Bhaven Kataria

ISSN: 2320-6071 Online : 2320-6012

Frequency: Quarterly

Language: English

Open Access Peer-reviewed journal

Web site: https://www.msjonline.org/index.php >

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 4399

A 22-year study to evaluate disparities in place of death in the United States using the CDC WONDER database for intracerebral hemorrhage
(Medip Academy, 2024-07) Lade, A.; Alpizar, K. G. C.; Nachu, A.; Goel, R.; Pansuriya, J.; Pillikunte Doddareddy, N.; Saravanan, A.
Background: Interpretation of data collected from the CDC WONDER database and analysis of disparities in places of death for those patients diagnosed with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the United States from 1999 to 2020. Our research intends to uncover important insights into potential differences in end-of-life care for patients suffering from ICH and to provide solicited care during this crucial time. Methods: We conducted an epidemiological study in which all patient-specific demographics were extracted from the CDC WONDER database evaluated for disparities in place of death, and compared based on variables. The odds ratio was also calculated. Qualitative data was expressed in percentage and proportion, whereas statistical analysis was done using R programming software. Results: Data of 18,783,791 ICH deaths was aggregated. Data explained that patients in the 85+ age group are the most likely to die at home, and this particular age group also has seen the highest number (1,941,657) of fatalities in home or hospice and the highest number (4,937,395) of fatalities in medical or nursing facilities. Male patients in the 55� age group were most likely to die at home or hospice, whereas female patients in general were most likely to die in medical or nursing facilities. West census region patients were 1.424 times more likely to die at home or hospice, this number being the highest of all regions. Conclusions: Home or hospice mortality trend in patients with ICH, within a 22-year period, increased significantly, specifically in white male patients ages 85 and older from the west rural region.
24 Hours chronomics of ambulatory blood pressure and its relation with circadian rhythm of 6-sulfatoxy melatonin in night shift health care workers.
(2015-08) Anjum, B; Verma, Narsingh; Tiwari, Sandeep; Mahdi, Abbas A; Singh, Ranjana; Naaz, Qulsoom; Mishra, Saumya; Singh, Prerna; Gautam, Suman; Bhardwaj, Shipra
Background: Night shift workers have altered circadian pattern of blood pressure/heart rate and hormones like melatonin and cortisol. Due to this variation, night shift worker suffers from various cardiovascular disorders and hormonal disturbances. Methods: The Present study was aimed to investigate the effects of rotating night shift on 24 hours chronomics of BP/HR and its relation with 6-sulfatoxy melatonin levels. 62 healthy nursing professionals, aged 20-40 year, performing day and night shift duties were recruited. Each month scheduled to continuous 9 days night shift (12 hours in regular 9 nights, from 20:00 to 08:00); after 9 days night shift they perform remaining duties in day shift and 4 days off in each month. Results: Ambulatory BP and HR were recorded at every 30 min intervals in day time and each hour in night time synchronically with circadian pattern of 6 sulfatoxy melatonin during shift duties. Highly Significant difference was found in double amplitude (2DA) of blood pressure between night and day shift (p<0.001). In night shift, hyperbaric index (HBI) of mean systolic blood pressure was found to be increased at 00-03 am (midnight) while during day shift, peak was found at 06-09 am. Peak melatonin was to be found in early morning as compared to mid night in both the shift. Conclusions: The present study concluded that the desynchronization was appeared during night shift and entrainment of circadian rhythm in the day shift.
3-Dimensional QSAR and molecular docking studies of a series of indole analogues as inhibitors of human non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2.
(2014-07) Singh, Kulwinder; Monika; Verma, Neelam
Background: Design and development of new drugs is simplified and made more cost-effective because of the advances in the concepts of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies. A methodology of QSAR studies is one of the approaches to the rational drug design. Methods: 3-Dimensional QSAR studies were performed on a series of indole analogues as inhibitors of human non-pancreatic secretory phospholipaseA2 (PLA2) by using Scigress explorer software suite. Docking studies of these compounds were also performed to understand the interactions with amino acid residues of PLA2 protein. Results: The multiple linear regression analysis was used to correlate the physicochemical descriptors with the PLA2 inhibitory activity of 20 training set of compounds and the best QSAR model was developed. The best model was validated using leave-one-out method and found to be statistically significant, with coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.788. This model was further used to predict the PLA2 inhibitory activity of 12 test set of compounds. Docking analysis revealed that most of the compounds formed H-bond interactions with amino acid residues of PLA2 protein (PDB ID: 1DB4). Predicted pIC50 value of one of the test compounds was 7.454 and it showed H-bond interactions with Asp48, Cys44, His27, Gly29 and Gly31 residues. Conclusion: The present study shall help in rational drug design and synthesis of new selective PLA2 inhibitors with predetermined affinity and activity and provides valuable information for the understanding of interactions between PLA2 and the novel indole analogue compounds.
3-Dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship and molecular docking studies of tetrasubstituted pyrazole derivatives as inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2.
(2014-04) Singh, Kulwinder; Monika; Verma, Neelam
Background: Design and development of new drugs is simplified and made more cost-effective because of the advances in the concepts of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies. A methodology of QSAR studies is one of the approaches to the rational drug design. Methods: 3-Dimensional QSAR studies were performed on a series of tetrasubstituted pyrazole derivatives by using Scigress Explorer software suite. Docking studies of these compounds were also performed to understand the interactions with amino acid residues of COX-2 protein. Results: The multiple linear regression analysis was used to correlate the physicochemical descriptors with the COX-2 inhibitory activity of 24 training set of compounds and the best QSAR model was developed. The best model was validated using leave-one-out method and found to be statistically significant, with coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.835. This model was further used to predict the COX-2 inhibitory activity of 10 test set of compounds. Docking analysis revealed that most of the compounds formed H-bond interactions with amino acid residues of COX-2 protein (PDB ID: 1CX2). Predicted pIC50 value of one of the test compounds was 7.048 and it showed H-bond interactions with His90 & Tyr355 residues. Conclusion: The present study shall help in rational drug design and synthesis of new selective COX-2 inhibitors with predetermined affinity and activity and provides valuable information for the understanding of interactions between COX-2 and the novel tetrasubstituted pyrazole derivative compounds.
3D printing for surgical planning in bone grafts for cleft-palate: a case report
(Medip Academy, 2023-02) Rendón-Medina, M. A.; Arias-Salazar, L.; Covarrubias-Noriega, A.; Araiza-Gómez, E.; Mendoza-Velez, M. D. L. A.; Hernandez-Ordoñez, R.; Vázquez-Morales, H. L.; Pacheco-López, R. C.
3D printing has been used for teaching purposes. Creating models for simulating surgeries. Gong et al presented a workflow for digital planning for surgery and Rendon et al previously presented a low-cost method with acceptable precision. This paper aims to present a case where 3D printing surgical planning was applied for bone graft shape and dimensions. A 16-year-old female patient with a history of bilateral cleft lip and palate has received 6 surgical interventions to treat her congenital pathology. She begins orthodontic management at the age of 6 years and is referred to the plastic surgery service 10 years later, presenting oral and nasal fistula on the nasal floor with mainly liquid leakage. A bone graft was taken and applied from the patient's left iliac crest. the iliac crest is taken and the bone graft is molded Assisted with 3D printed model which is fixed in the premaxilla with a 14-hole linear plate. We proposed a new application for low-cost 3D printed models. Patient specific models have applications in cleft palate bone grafting. We present a case and more studies are required to measure variables as time, graft integration, and patient satisfaction.
A 5 year retrospective study on epidemiological pattern of ocular trauma
(Medip Academy, 2019-07) Manhas, Angli; Manhas, Rameshwar S.; Manhas, Gaurav S.; Sharma, Rishabh; Gupta, Dinesh
Background: One of the delicate structure in the human body is eye and trauma to the eye is essentially a very grave matter. Major cause of preventable monocular blindness and visual impairment in the world is ocular trauma. So any injury to the eye must be deemed to be an ocular emergency and should be handled with utmost care. Despite its public health importance, there is relatively less population based data on the magnitude and risk factors for ocular trauma specially from developing countries. The objective of the study was to find out the epidemiological pattern of ocular trauma.Methods: The present study was 5 year retrospective study of all the patients who reported directly with ocular injury or referred from the casualty to the department of ophthalmology from January 2013 to January 2018. Various parameters like age, sex, mode of injury, type of injury etc. of all patients seen during this period were analyzed.Results: Total of 4192 ocular trauma patients were seen during study period. Maximum number of ocular trauma patients i.e. 1146 were seen in age group of 21-30 years. Males i.e. 3490 outnumbered females in the present study. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of ocular trauma and accounts for 1760 cases. Most common reported ocular trauma was periorbital oedema/ecchymosis followed by laceration. Surgical intervention was done in 1660 cases whereas 2532 were managed medically.Conclusions: From present study, we may conclude that the maximum number of ocular trauma patients were seen in the age group of 21-30 years with more preponderance in males. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of ocular trauma. The fact that the lifetime prevalence of ocular trauma is higher than that of eye diseases, which can be decreased by implementing the traffic rules with strict force and imposing heavy fine and license cancellation for drunken driving.
A 6-year retrospective study of fine needle aspiration cytology pattern of otorhinolaryngological cases of patients referred to national ear care centre Kaduna (2013-2018)
(Medip Academy, 2023-06) Rimi, M. I.; Iliyasu, Y.; Mustapha, Yaro A.; Isaac, A.; Muhammad, K.
Background: This study was carried out to obtain the retrospective study of FNAC cases referred to NECC; and review occurrences of ortorhinolaryngological swellings and demographic studies of patients for a period of 6 years (2013-2018). Records of FNAC were obtained from the laboratory department’s unit’s register alongside the biodata of patients for demographic studies. Methods: FNAC samples were treated for diagnosis according to the unit’s standard operating procedure for cytology. A total of three hundred and fifty-three 353 cases were reported and tables were then plotted to present the study cases using simple descriptive statistics. Results: Highest age distribution was between thirty to thirty-nine (30-39) years with a total of ninety-five cases 95(26.9%) followed by the range of forty to forty-nine (40-49) years with a value of eighty 80(22.6%). Females had the highest frequency of one hundred and thirty-three 133 (62.3%) compared to their male patient counterpart with a value of two hundred and twenty 220 (37.6%). The site of sample collection had ANS with the highest value of eighty-one 81 (42.4%) compared to other sites. The year 2016 had the highest number of FNAC cases and finally ninety 6 cases 96 (27.2%) of cases were inflammatory, two hundred and thirty-two 232 (65.7%) were benign while twenty five 25 (7.1%) were malignant. Conclusions: In conclusion; FNAC plays a vital role in managing otorhinolaryngology conditions and gives a way forward for effective treatment to patients and often at times is therapeutic as some patients come with fluid field swelling that get relieved after the procedure.
A 6-year retrospective study of fine needle aspiration cytology pattern of otorhinolaryngological cases of patients referred to national ear care centre Kaduna (2013-2018)
(Medip Academy, 2023-06) Rimi, M. I.; Iliyasu, Y.; Mustapha, Yaro A.; Isaac, A.; Muhammad, K.
Background: This study was carried out to obtain the retrospective study of FNAC cases referred to NECC; and review occurrences of ortorhinolaryngological swellings and demographic studies of patients for a period of 6 years (2013-2018). Records of FNAC were obtained from the laboratory department’s unit’s register alongside the biodata of patients for demographic studies. Methods: FNAC samples were treated for diagnosis according to the unit’s standard operating procedure for cytology. A total of three hundred and fifty-three 353 cases were reported and tables were then plotted to present the study cases using simple descriptive statistics. Results: Highest age distribution was between thirty to thirty-nine (30-39) years with a total of ninety-five cases 95(26.9%) followed by the range of forty to forty-nine (40-49) years with a value of eighty 80(22.6%). Females had the highest frequency of one hundred and thirty-three 133 (62.3%) compared to their male patient counterpart with a value of two hundred and twenty 220 (37.6%). The site of sample collection had ANS with the highest value of eighty-one 81 (42.4%) compared to other sites. The year 2016 had the highest number of FNAC cases and finally ninety 6 cases 96 (27.2%) of cases were inflammatory, two hundred and thirty-two 232 (65.7%) were benign while twenty five 25 (7.1%) were malignant. Conclusions: In conclusion; FNAC plays a vital role in managing otorhinolaryngology conditions and gives a way forward for effective treatment to patients and often at times is therapeutic as some patients come with fluid field swelling that get relieved after the procedure.
Abamectin: an uncommon but potentially fatal cause of pesticide poisoning.
(2013-07) Bansod, Y V; Kharkar, Sandeep V; Raut, Arshish; Choudalwar, Piyush
Human intoxication with abamectin is not frequently reported. It is an uncommon but potentially fatal cause of pesticide poisoning. In contrast to common organophosphate poisoning the toxic effects of avermectin in humans are not clearly defined. Ingestion of a large dose of avermectin may be associated with life-threatening complications. The therapy for avermectin poisoning is mainly symptomatic and supportive. The prognosis of patients with avermectin poisoning is likely to be favorable unless they are complicated by severe hypotension or aspiration. We hereby report a case with abamectin poisoning with neurological toxicity and respiratory failure which responded to supportive line of therapy.
Abdominal tuberculosis: a study of 50 cases.
(2014-10) Darbari, Ashutosh; Jauhari, Abhinav; Darbari, Geetika; Shrivastava, Vartika; Shrivastava, Ambuj
Background: The main type of tuberculosis of interest to any hospital- based surgeon is intestinal, the clinical presentation of which varies from one of an acute abdomen to one of a protracted cause of ill health and morbidity with a notorious reputation for poor response to therapy, both conservative as well as surgical. Low socio- economic status and malnutrition in our country are very important causes of the high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis, and with superadded problems of overcrowding and poor access to good sanitation and neglect for medical attention, extra pulmonary forms of tuberculosis also form a sizeable proportion of the case load of tuberculosis. The major source of infection is the open untreated case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: Presented here is a brief account of hospital- based study of the presentation of 50 cases of abdominal tuberculosis and its management in both the acute as well as chronic setting, carried out at the B. Y. L. Nair Municipal Hospital Mumbai. Results: In our study 40% patients presented with signs of intestinal obstruction, 6% with perforative peritonitis, 34% with diffuse or well defined lump and 54% with ascites. All these patients underwent biochemical, radiological and endoscopic investigations. All the cases in this study were put on antitubercular four drug regime. Isoniazid (5mg / kg), Rifampicin (5-10mg/kg), Ethambutol (15mg/kg) and Pyrazinamide (20-25mg/kg) for two months followed by Isoniazid and Rifampicin for seven months. None of the patients developed drug toxicity during treatment. In our study out of 50 patients, 24 patients were treated conservatively. These includes 12 with tuberculous peritonitis (2 of the 12 had associated paraortic lymphadenopathy), 6 with subacute intestinal obstruction, 4 with RIF lump and 2 with colonic pathology) were treated conservatively. 26 patients underwent surgical treatment. Out of these 26 patients, 14 were operated in emergency and 12 were operated electively. Emergency surgeries were performed after correction of fluid electrolyte imbalance. Of the 14 emergency cases, 3 patients underwent resection anastomosis of small bowel, 6 patients underwent right hemicolectomy for iieocaecal tuberculosis. One patient had a stricturoplasty for ileal stricture in addition to right hemicolectomy. One patient underwent a stricturoplasty for ileal stricture and one unstable patient underwent drain insertion under local anaesthesia to drain out contaminated peritoneal fluid. Remaining two patients underwent adhesiolysis. Conclusions: In this study 60% patients had an acute and subacute presentation and 40% patients had a chronic presentation.
Abnormal communication between cephalic and basilic veins-a case report
(Medip Academy, 2023-09) Nayak, G.; Sahoo, N.; Pradhan, S.
The cephalic vein and basilic vein begin respectively from lateral and medial ends of the dorsal venous arch of hand. The basilic vein is confined to the medial side of upper limb and continues upwards as the axillary vein whereas the cephalic vein is confined to the lateral side of upper limb and drains into the axillary vein. The aforesaid veins communicate with one another through the median cubital vein that lies in the roof of cubital fossa. The superficial veins are used for venepuncture, cardiac catheterization, bypass grafting and arteriovenous fistula for hemodynamic access. The authors chanced upon a variation in the cephalic and basilic veins in the right upper limb of a cadaver of a sixty years old female dying due to natural causes. The cadaver was used for routine dissection classes of first year MBBS students in a medical college of Eastern India. The cephalic and basilic veins of the said cadaver joined with each other in the cubital fossa. The brachial vein began from the point of union of the two former superficial veins and the single brachial vein replaced the paired brachial veins which is usually the norm.
ABO and Rh-D blood group frequency and distribution: a tertiary care hospital experience.
(2015-08) Sanagapati, Pandu Rangarao; Vujhini, Sudhir Kumar
Background: This study was carried out to determine the frequency and distribution of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups in blood donors of tertiary care hospital-attached blood bank. Methods: This study was conducted among the blood donors of Hyderabad Telangana State (India), who donated blood during the period from July 2013 to December 2014. ABO and Rh blood grouping was performed by forward blood grouping (cell grouping) using test tube agglutination method using antisera A, antisera B and antisera D and by reverse grouping using pooled known A, B and O cells. Results: Out of 1740 blood donors, 1702 (55.6%) were male and 38 (44.4%) were female. Majority of blood donors were in 21-40 years of age group. The most frequent blood group positions in the descending order are ‘O’, ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘AB’ respectively. One group was ‘Oh’ (Bombay Phenotype). Conclusions: ‘O’ group is the most frequent position of ABO blood group system followed by ‘A’ group. Rh+ is the most frequent group than Rh- in the Rh system. Blood donations by females are very low.
Absceded abdominal wall desmoid tumor: a case report
(Medip Academy, 2024-01) Mena Zenteno, A. K.; Olvera, A.; S醤chez, C.; Montero, J. A.
Desmoid tumor is a rare type of tumor dependent on a well-differentiated fibroblastic monoclonal proliferation with a high capacity for non-metastatic local invasion, it constitutes <3% of soft tissue neoplasms, an annual incidence of 5-6 cases per million is reported, its etiology is unknown and its clinical presentation depends on the location of the tumor. We presented a case of a 53-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency department with clinical characteristics of abdominal wall abscess with no significant history of its appearance. Abscess drainage plus biopsy of muscle tissue in the anterior region of the abdominal wall was performed, histopathology report compatible with desmoid tumor, radical surgical treatment was decided in a second intervention. Desmoid tumor is rare, since its diagnosis and treatment require a multidisciplinary approach; Active surveillance is currently the treatment of choice for patients who have DD in noncritical locations, and at least 1 to 2 years of active surveillance is now recommended because of its likelihood of spontaneous regression. The main objective of all existing therapies is to preserve or improve the quality of life of the patient.
Absence of costal element of the foramen transversarium of atlas vertebrae.
(2013-04) Chauhan, Renu; Khanna, Jugesh
Background: Since scanty literature is available on the absence of costal element forming foramen transversarium of atlas vertebra therefore this study was undertaken. Atlas vertebrae were examined to see the presence of foramen transversarium and their boundaries. Methods: Hundred foramina transversaria of 50 atlas vertebrae were examined grossly. Results: Foramen transversarium was seen to be present in all the transverse processes of the atlas vertebrae examined. Costal element was found to be missing in seven foramina tranversaria out of 100 foramina seen. It was found to be absent on the right side in three vertebrae and in two it was absent bilaterally. Conclusions: In case the costal element of the foramen transversarium is absent, the second part of vertebral artery passing through this foramen is liable to be damaged while operating at the level of atlanto-occipital joint the operating surgeon should be aware of such variations so as to avoid injury of second part of vertebral artery and subsequently preventing any kind of neurological involvement. Radiologists must also know about such variations so as to correctly interpret radiological image of the craniovertebral region.
Accessory belly of flexor digitorum superficialis - case report of a rare variant.
(2015-02) Choudhary, Umesh; Patil, Shrish S; Mahesh, G M; Singh, Amit K
Variations of the muscles pose a challenge to diagnosis and knowledge about them is important during surgeries and other interventions. At times these variations may cause symptoms per se. Variations of the Flexor digitorum superficialis: a muscle of the anterior compartment of forearm, are not very common. We present a rare variation of this muscle in the right upper limb of a male cadaver. The variant was an accessory belly arising from and under the Flexor digitorum superficialis and inserting into the base of proximal phalanx of the index finger. We also review the evolutionary and embryological concepts of such variations.
Accessory belly of piriformis, as a cause of superior gluteal neurovascular entrapment.
(2013-07) Bansal, Rimple; Kaushal, Subhash; Chhabra, Usha
During routine dissection on 50 years old male cadaver, an accessory belly of piriformis was observed. This accessory belly was superior and parallel to the main piriformis muscle. This was associated with emergence of superior gluteal nerve and superior gluteal artery between the two bellies. Piriformis muscle and its relation to sciatic nerve has been suggested as a cause of piriformis syndrome. But interestingly in the present case, superior gluteal nerve was interposed between two bellies that may help the clinicians to establish a rare yet important cause of piriformis syndrome and a rare cause of undiagnosed chronic pain in gluteal region. As superior gluteal artery was also interposed, so this rare variation holds interest to surgeons especially in isolated buttock claudication despite otherwise normal vascular investigations.
Accessory renal arteries: a case report.
(2014-04) Babu, Billakanti Prakash; Roy, Anjali; Bangera, Hemalatha
During dissection of abdomen by the undergraduate medical students three accessory renal arteries were observed on the right side. The superior accessory artery was a small vessel arising from aorta just above the normal renal artery. It entered the anterior surface of kidney just below the upper pole. The middle and inferior arteries were caudal to the normal renal artery. The middle artery was arising from testicular artery and entered the anterior surface of kidney below the hilum. The inferior artery was arising from aorta just above its bifurcations and entered the lower pole of kidney. The importance of accessory renal arteries in surgical procedures of the posterior abdominal wall and renal transplantation are discussed.
Accuracy of automated urine dipstick test as a screening tool for proteinuria in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
(Medip Academy, 2020-05) Sundaram, Sankar; Kuriakose, Ann Mili; P., Vijayan C.
Background: Progressive proteinuria implies worsening of the condition in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and hence its quantification guides clinician in making decision and planning treatment. The gold standard is 24 hour urine protein estimation. Urine sediment cytology, also known as ‘liquid renal biopsy’ identifies and analyses the extent of renal damage.Methods: Objectives of the study were to compare the efficacy of urine dipstick test to 24 hour urine protein estimation in detecting proteinuria in pre-eclampsic patients and to describe the findings in urine sediment examination in assessing proteinuria in above patients. Urine dipstick test and sediment cytology were performed on the urinary samples of 242 pregnant women with high BP recordings (BP>140/90 mm Hg) which were collected and tested in Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Kottayam during the study period of 18 months. This was compared with 24 hour urine protein values (gold standard).Results: About 154 patients (63.63%) had significant proteinuria of more than 300mg/24hr. Dipstick method showed 78.57% sensitivity and 81.82% specificity for prediction of significant proteinuria. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value of urine dipstick test were 88.32% and 68.57% respectively. Urine sediment examination revealed the presence of casts only in 11.98% of study population. Conclusions: Diagnostic accuracy of automated urine dipstick test in assessing proteinuria was 79.75%. For grade 1 proteinuria, diagnostic accuracy was 79.81%, for Grade 2 it increased to 93.14% and for grade 3 & 4, accuracy was 98.68%. Urine sediment examination didn’t correlate with proteinuria and hence the extent of renal damage in pre-eclampsia.
Accuracy of fecal calprotectin and endoscopic narrow band imaging in the prediction of severity of inflammatory bowel diseases
(Medip Academy, 2023-06) Shahma, A.; Anees, A.; Hassan, Yaqoob; Hasan, N.; Daiyyan, M.
Background: Fecal calprotectin is a noninvasive and accurate marker of inflammatory bowel disease. In addition to aiding in diagnosis, it also predicts inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) relapses and the severity of the disease. Objectives of current study were evaluate the accuracy of Fecal calprotectin and Narrow band imaging for prediction severity in inflammatory bowel disease. Methods: After informed written consent and ethical clearance, the study prospectively included 50 patients of IBD. Quantitative measurement of Calprotectin was done by ELISA kit (Eagle Biosciences, Nashua). Endoscopy activity was calculated using Narrow band imaging. Results: Out of 50 patients, Males outnumbered the females with a ratio of 2.1. Increased frequency of stools was the most common symptom (94%). 39 (78%) patients had features ulcerative colitis while as 9 (18%) patients had features of Crohn’s disease. Total of 42 (84%) patients had elevated levels of Fecal Calprotectin. The severity of IBDs increased significantly when the Fecal Calprotectin level rises (p value >0.05). The relationship between endoscopic and histological scores to detect disease severity in IBD was statistically insignificant (p value=0.85). The accuracy of the fecal calprotectin levels was found to be 84%, sensitivity 87.5%, and specificity was 50%. The positive and negative predictive values were 97.6% and 12.55% respectively. 47 (94%) patients received medical treatment. 3 (7.7%) patients of UC were subjected to surgical intervention. Conclusions: Fecal calprotectin is a valuable and non-invasive marker with good sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis, evaluation of the severity, and monitoring of IBD activity.
Accuracy of fecal calprotectin and endoscopic narrow band imaging in the prediction of severity of inflammatory bowel diseases
(Medip Academy, 2023-06) Shahma, A.; Anees, A.; Hassan, Yaqoob; Hasan, N.; Daiyyan, M.
Background: Fecal calprotectin is a noninvasive and accurate marker of inflammatory bowel disease. In addition to aiding in diagnosis, it also predicts inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) relapses and the severity of the disease. Objectives of current study were evaluate the accuracy of Fecal calprotectin and Narrow band imaging for prediction severity in inflammatory bowel disease. Methods: After informed written consent and ethical clearance, the study prospectively included 50 patients of IBD. Quantitative measurement of Calprotectin was done by ELISA kit (Eagle Biosciences, Nashua). Endoscopy activity was calculated using Narrow band imaging. Results: Out of 50 patients, Males outnumbered the females with a ratio of 2.1. Increased frequency of stools was the most common symptom (94%). 39 (78%) patients had features ulcerative colitis while as 9 (18%) patients had features of Crohn’s disease. Total of 42 (84%) patients had elevated levels of Fecal Calprotectin. The severity of IBDs increased significantly when the Fecal Calprotectin level rises (p value >0.05). The relationship between endoscopic and histological scores to detect disease severity in IBD was statistically insignificant (p value=0.85). The accuracy of the fecal calprotectin levels was found to be 84%, sensitivity 87.5%, and specificity was 50%. The positive and negative predictive values were 97.6% and 12.55% respectively. 47 (94%) patients received medical treatment. 3 (7.7%) patients of UC were subjected to surgical intervention. Conclusions: Fecal calprotectin is a valuable and non-invasive marker with good sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis, evaluation of the severity, and monitoring of IBD activity.

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