IJSS Case Reports & Reviews

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https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/157775

Editor: Dr Dhairya Lakhani
ISSN: 2349-6940

Frequency: Monthly

Language: English

Open Access Peer-reviewed journal

Web site: https://ijsscr.com

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 310

Abutment Options for the Restoration of the Malaligned Implants: A Review.
(2016-05) Bhavana, B L; Rahul, N; Fouzia, Begum; Sekhsaria, Sneha; Tamore, Shraddha
It is rightly said, “implant dentistry is a prosthodontic discipline that happens to have a surgical component.” Even though the most recommended concept is restoration driven implant placement, the anatomical features of the bone may not allow for the ideal placement of the implant. One of the complications occurring during the implant placement is malalignment or placement in less ideal positions. Various techniques have been discussed in the literature to describe the correction of this malpositioning of the implants. These methods encompass both surgical and prosthodontic aspects. Where in surgical methods are more of invasive for an osseointegrated implant, prosthodontic methods offer better results with less complicated procedures with the use of customized or angulated abutments. This review gives an insight into the various options of abutment available for the restoration of the angulated implants.
Achondrogenesis: A Lethal Chondrodystrophy.
(2014-07) Yadav, Abhijeet; Yadav, Mukul
Achondrogenesis is a type of skeletal dysplasia. Skeletal dysplasias are the heterogeneous class of bone growth disorders resulting in abnormal shape and size of the skeleton. Here, we present a rare case of achondrogenesis which was delivered by induced abortion at 6½ months of gestation. The physical, radiological, and ultrasonographic examinations done raised the possibility of this very rare anomaly. Achondrogensis is characterized by extreme micromelia and marked discrepancy between the relatively large head and the decreased trunk length. This rare condition has got genetic mutations associated with it. Achondrogenesis resembles other chondrodystrophies, therefore, its diagnosis needs to be made promptly and accurately.
Acromegaly: Oral Diagnostician’s Role in Diagnosis: A Case Report.
(2016-01) Mahesh, B S; Padmashree, S; John, Hima; Rema, J
Acromegaly is an acquired disorder related to overproduction of growth hormone (GH). The condition, though described more than 120 years ago, was only later found to be due to pituitary over secretion and adenomas. It is a rare condition with a tendency toward overgrowth of the mandible, maxillary widening, tooth separation, and skeletal malocclusion which makes its diagnosis important for us dentists. The majority of the cases in the past have been diagnosed by physicians and endocrinologists. Here, we present a case of a 38-year-old male patient who presented with the complaint of increase in the size of lips and forward movement of the jaws since 1 year. Clinical features, radiographic features, and arrival at the diagnosis of Acromegaly with the subsequent referral and treatment are discussed.
Acute Biliary Pancreatitis: A Case Report.
(2014-05) Soliman, Noha Mamdoud; Almedfa, Aysha Salah
Acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) a condition caused by gallstones; can be a life-threatening condition if not treated early (mortality ~2-7%). Complications and symptoms of ABP can be ranging from mild (nausea, vomiting, and fever) to severe (necrosis, infections, hemorrhage, abscesses, renal failure, and adult respiratory distress syndrome). Th is paper presents a specifi c case of a middle-aged male diagnosed with ABP to illustrate the disease in a clinical setting, mainly looking at its presentation, diagnosis and focusing more on treatment and management. Clinical examinations and radiological investigations are crucial to recognize the diagnosis and foresee the prognosis of this condition. Th e medications that are administered to patients suff ering from this condition include analgesics (like morphine), intravenous fl uids, and antibiotics (e.g. ciprofl oxacin). Th e limitations and lack of knowledge described above are immense concerns. It is highly encouraged that future research opportunities will compensate for the present gap in knowledge, contributing to current literature, as well as having practical implications for treatment and management of ABP.
Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: A Case Report.
(2015-05) Sushma, Pulivarthi; Sowbhagya, M B; Balaji, P; Poornima, C
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a very rare odontogenic tumor with an incidence of 1%. Overall it accounts for 9% of all odontogenic tumors. In most of the cases, AOT is misdiagnosed as an odontogenic cyst. Younger individuals are commonly affected and particularly in females. AOT is seen predominantly in the maxillary anterior region in association with an unerupted tooth. Permanent dentition is affected more than the deciduous dentition. Intraoral periapical radiographs play a major role in the diagnosis compared to orthopantomogram because of its increased contrast but for the better assessment of the extension of larger lesions orthopantomogram is must. AOT resembles benign odontogenic lesions like dentigerous cyst and tumors like ameloblastoma. The lesions are managed conservatively by surgical excision along with the removal of the affected tooth and have an excellent prognosis.With this background, we report an unusual case of AOT involving maxillary anterior region in 15-year-old male patient. The present article reviews the etiology, clinical features, histopathological features, and treatment modalities of AOT.
Adult Intussusception due to a Rare Tumor (Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Mesentery): A Case Report.
(2015-08) Patel, Mukesh; Darokar, Anil; Bele, Kishor
Adult intussusception occurs infrequently and differs from childhood intussusception in its presentation, etiology, and treatment. Diagnosis can be delayed because of its long-standing, intermittent, and non-specific symptoms and most cases are diagnosed at emergency laparotomy. We report a case of 23-year-old female with complaints of abdominal pain, constipation, and loss of appetite since 2 months. Computed tomography revealed right colonic obstruction caused by intussusception of the ileocecum. On exploration, a mesenteric mass was seen extending with the intussusceptum following, which ileocecal intussusception was found. The mass was excised. Histopathology examination of the specimen revealed an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. These tumors can occur throughout the body, most commonly in the lung, mesentery, and omentum. Complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice. A Review of this rare condition is interesting and should be borne on the mind.
Adult Onset Stills Disease: A Case Report.
(2015-04) Wani, Fayaz A; Raja, Waseem; Maqbool, Muzaffar; Shah, Parvaiz A
Adult onset still’s disease (AOSD) is a rare inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. Because of lack of a defined diagnostic test the diagnosis of AOSD can only be made after excluding infectious, malignant, and autoimmune diseases. A 21-year-old female patient was admitted in our hospital with intermittent high-grade fever, polyarthritis and rash. On further history, examination and laboratory investigation she was found to be fulfilling all the Yamaguchi criteria for AOSD. All other causes consisting of acute or chronic infections, hematological malignancies, and other rheumatic disorders were excluded by laboratory investigations. Patient was treated as AOSD with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids and is completely free of symptoms.
Alveolar Ridge Preservation with Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Graft and Implant Placement: A Case Report.
(2015-04) Bhatt, Ajay Kumar; Pant, Vandana A; Pandey, Mayank
Various bone grafts, non-vital bone grafting materials, and membranes have been developed to counteract the significant resorption of the alveolar bone following tooth extraction with utilizing principals of guided bone regeneration (GBR). Alloplastic graft material, consisting of the pure phase of beta-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP) in the preservation of ridge volume after tooth extraction and before dental implant placement, is a well-accepted procedure. In the present case report, b-TCP bone graft was used to preserve and augment the alveolar bone with utilizing the principles of GBR. Quantification of alveolar bone dimensions was done with the help of computed tomography scan of jaw both at baseline, i.e. before extraction and after 6 months just before implant placement.
Ameloblastic Carcinoma of Mandible: A Case Report.
(2016-07) Gowhar, Owais; Singh, Narendra Nath; Ain, Tasneem S; Sultan, Saima
Ameloblastic carcinoma is an uncommon malignant odontogenic tumor of jaws and is a highly aggressive tumor with rapid growth and also a high potential for distant metastasis. Th e most common site of occurrence is posterior mandible. Clinically, it is aggressive and has potential for local destruction. Th e majority of the cases arise de novo, while few cases arise from a pre-existing ameloblastoma. Th e radiological feature of the ameloblastic carcinoma is usually similar to that of ameloblastoma except for the presence of focal radiopacity, which apparently refl ects dystrophic calcifi cation. Herein, we report a case of ameloblastic carcinoma in the left mandible of a 60-year-old female patient.
Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma: A Case Report.
(2015-07) Misra, Satya Ranjan; Baskaran, Pavitra; Maragathavalli, G; Mithra, R; Praveena, N M
Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is an uncommon benign odontogenic tumor with histologic features similar to that of ameloblastic fibroma, but with inductive changes that lead to the formation of enamel and dentin. Among the odontogenic tumors, the incidence varies from 0.3% to 1.7%, reaching 4.6% when only the cases of children are considered. AFO presents as a painless swelling mostly in the posterior portion of the maxilla or mandible. Radiographs show the radiolucent area containing various amounts of radiopaque material of irregular size and form. This case report describes AFO affecting the 21-year-old woman. The lesion was surgically excised, and no recurrence was observed on follow-up.
Ameloblastic Fibrodentinoma: A 12 Years follow-up of a Rare Entity.
(2015-03) Jacob, Oomen Aju; Padmakumar, S K; Aloka, Devu; Sooraj, Devu
Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma (AFD), according to the WHO is a neoplasm similar to ameloblastic fibroma, but also showing inductive changes that lead to the formation of dentine. AFD is a very rare odontogenic mixed tumor and only <40 cases have been reported so far. The origin, like other mixed odontogenic tumors is from the odontogenic apparatus. Two schools of thought exist, one to consider it as a variant of ameloblastic fibroodontoma and the other categorize it as a separate entity. An AFD in an 1½-year-old male patient with 12-year follow-up after treatment is presented.
Ameloglyphic, Dermatoglyphic, Sweat Pore Analysis of Hidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Rare Case Report.
(2015-02) Babu, N S Venkatesh; Mettukuri, Sai Kishore
Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by the triad of features such as nail dystrophy, generalized hypotrichosis, and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. Physical development and life expectancy are not affected. Dermatoglyphics and ameloglyphics have been considered as casement of congenital abnormalities and other conditions. Young adults and children with hidrotic ED need to be evaluated early by a dentist to determine the oral outcome. Stipulated, appropriate care needs to be provided throughout the child’s growth to maintain oral function. According to this study ameloglyphics was found to be beneficial over dermatoglyphics in timely diagnosis and treatment planning.
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: A Rare Case Report.
(2014-11) Sudha, R; Bhavani, S Y; Padmapriya, G V; Madhu, B S; Shashikala, T K
Anesthetic Management in an Established Case of Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome Posted for Inguinal Hernioplsty.
(2014-12) Babu, B V Mahesh; Baba, S Sai; Rao, A S Kameswara
Anterior spinal artery syndrome (ASAS) is a rare and permanent damage, caused as a neurological complication of spinal anesthesia. In this case study, we have given account of our experience of anesthetic management of a documented case of ASAS, posted for inguinal hernioplasty. We did a thorough pre-anesthetic evaluation and found that patient had paraplegia and confi ned to bed with aspiration pneumonitis. He is a known hypertensive and on control with tablet amlodipine 5 mg/day. He was subjected to antibiotic therapy, mucolytics with respiratory physiotherapy and incentive spirometry. After preparing the patient thoroughly, patient was subjected to general anesthesia. Post-operative analgesia was provided with injection fentanyl, given with a syringe pump. Post-operative period was uneventful.
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of Mandible: A Case Report.
(2015-01) Kalra, Puneet; Mithal, Umang; Mittal, Gaurav; Kundu, Anjali
Aneurysmal bone cysts are rare benign lesions of bone tissue, infrequent in the craniofacial skeleton about other structures like long bones or the spine. The rare jaw lesions encountered in the mandible and maxilla. On the other side, it is at the same time very exciting in terms of its differential diagnosis with other types of mandibular or maxillary bone lesions. We present the case of a 45-year-old female patient with an aneurysmatic cyst located at the left angle of the mandible describing the treatment for the same i.e. surgical excision and hemi mandibulectomy with reconstruction. We have focused on the differential diagnosis, mainly with the malignancies, which can be found at this location, along with therapeutic options classically described for these kinds of pathologies. In our patient, the surgical excision and hemi mandibulectomy allowed a complete removal of the lesion and recon plate was placed for rehabilitation.
Apical Third Horizontal Root Fractures in Anterior.
(2015-02) Vinutha, Y Josna; Sandya, Pavana
Horizontal root fractures are a type of traumatic dental injury. Horizontal root fractures are classified as apical third, middle third, and cervical third of the root based on the fracture line and on the degree of dislocation of the coronal fragment. The prognosis of the tooth depends on the patient’s age, stage of root growth, mobility of the coronal fragment and diastasis of the fragments. Proper clinical and radiographic examination should be done to reveal apical root fractures. Hence, the treatment plan can be decided depending on the type of fracture and extent of fracture line. This review was conducted to evaluate the apical third horizontal root fractures in order to determine the appropriate therapy.
Arterio Venous Malformation of Tongue Presenting with Bleeding in Pregnancy.
(2014-10) Nair, Atmaja; Pavithran, Meera; Chandran, Jyothi Ramesh; Sumangaladevi, D
Arterio venous malformation (AVM) of the tongue is a rare craniofacial vascular anomaly. It occurs due to the failure of complete involution of fetal capillary bed leading to the development of abnormal connections between arteries and veins. It can present with diff erent clinical presentations and radiographic findings. It may be overlooked at birth due to its innocent appearance. Progression of the AVMs is commonlyinduced by puberty, trauma, and pregnancy. Furthermore, some forms of treatment, including ligation of arterial feeders, partial excision, incomplete arterial embolization, and laser treatment can trigger progression of quiescent AVMs. Progression of AVMs in pregnancy can sometimes lead to torrential hemorrhage. Th is can endanger the life of the mother and fetus. We report a case of a 22-year-old primigravida referred of our institution at 35 weeks 3 days gestation with intrauterine fetal death and severe anemia, due to profuse bleeding from an AVM of the tongue.
Auto Transplantation of Ectopically Erupted Premolar: A Case Report.
(2015-08) Sowjanya, N Poornima; Rao, I Nagamalleswar; Jyothi, Mandava; Teja, Garapati Venkata Charan
The autogenous tooth transplantation is a viable option for tooth replacement. The tooth indicated for transplantation depends on the development of its root that should have growth up to two-third with open apex. This condition allows the replacement of lost teeth or ectopically erupted tooth in children and young patients. This case report presents a clinical case of autotransplantation of a premolar in a 19-year-old female, who had the ectopically erupted tooth near the lower molar. The procedure involved transplantation of lingually erupted mandibular right second premolar into the edentulous space of missing premolar. The concept of a traumatic extraction was used, disruption of the root sheath was avoided with the minimal time interval for replacement. After replacement tooth splinting was done and followed for 6 months. The tooth was found nonresponsive, endodontic treatment was done. This report reveals successful transplantation of a mandibular premolar into its own place.
Basic Resuscitation in Dental Office: A Review.
(2014-09) Kumar, Krishna; Mukhi, Chirag S
Medical emergencies are little understood by most dental surgeons. Medical emergencies can occur in dental clinics. Hence, there is a signifi cant need for increased awareness among dental professionals in the fi eld of emergency medicine. Every dental professional should be trained in emergencies occurring which have life-threatening potential and should be able to tackle life-threatening emergency anywhere in any situation. Dental professionals should be aware of protocols for initial stabilization of the patient in the dental offi ce at time of risk. Every patient expects his dentist to be familiar with emergency interventions which include basic life support, advanced life support and specifi c drugs to be administered in emergencies. Th is is a widely discussed topic with poor understanding among dental practitioners. Emergency can occur in any dental offi ce without any warnings. Further, it has been noted in recent times there is an increase in a number of medicolegal cases due to rise in a number of death in the dental chair. Th is review article aims at briefi ng the basic protocols required to manage the medical emergency having life-threatening potential occurring in the dental offi ce or elsewhere.
Behcet’s Syndrome Associated Manifestations and its Treatment Response: A Case Report.
(2016-03) Jatav, Jitendra Kumar; Singh, Neha
Behçet’s syndrome (BS) or Behcet’s disease (BD) is a chronic multisystem disorder of unknown etiology that is characterized mainly by recurrent mucocutaneous, articular, neurological, gastrointestinal, and ophthalmological lesions. A 20-year-old unmarried, Hindu, male patient presented with a history of recurrent oral and genital ulcers, large joint infl ammatory oligoarthritis predominantly in right knee joint, folliculitis (dermatographia) on the legs, epididymitis, acneiform lesions over face, and panuveitis with associated constitutional symptoms. His Laboratory examinations were nonrevealing except for a moderate rise in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein. Th is patient meets, in 1990, the International Study Group criteria for BD/BS. Th e main clinical manifestations of this disease are discussed and its early recognition and treatment response is emphasized.

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