International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences

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https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/150277

Editor: Dr.Vasudha Devi

ISSN: 2278-0068

Frequency: Quarterly

Language: English

Open Access Peer-reviewed journal

Web site: https://www.ijpcs.net/>

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 109

Accounting and Financial in Pharmacy Practice: Accounting Cycle
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-03) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Aljumah, Ghadeer Zayed; Alohlie, Nasser Rashid; Alamri, Naif Saleh; Almadany, Maha Hussein; Alanazi, Ghudair, Tashan; Alashban, Riyadh M; Almasoudi, Abeer Hussin
Objectives: To explore the accounting cycle policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of pharmacy practice accounting cycle policy and procedures. Litterateur searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 15 October 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, Meta-Analysis, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general infection control in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, accountant specialists, and financial experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the accountant specialist. The topic emphasizes the accounting cycle of the Pharmacy policy. Results: The accounting cycle policy and procedures in pharmacy practice consisted of various items. That has included Transaction identification, Journal entry, Posting to the general ledger, and Trial balance preparation. Besides, adjusted trial balance, financial statement preparation, Closing entries, and Post-closing trial balance. Conclusion: The accounting cycle policy and procedures are a new pharmacy initiative project. The accounting cycle policy and procedures in pharmacy practice provide accurate accounting and Financial Records, Improved Financial Management, Better tax compliance, and Improved Cash Flow Management and Decision Making. Therefore, the accounting cycle policy and procedures in pharmacy practice are highly recommended for pharmacy career professionals in Saudi Arabia.
Accounting and Financial in Pharmacy Practice: Competency
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-06) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Aljumah, Ghadeer Zayed; Alohlie, Nasser Rashid; Alamri, Naif Saleh; Almadany, Maha Hussein; Alashban, Riyadh M; Almasoudi, Abeer Hussin
Objectives: To explore the accounting and financial system competency policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of pharmacy accounting and financial system competency policy and procedures. Litterateur searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 15 October 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, Meta-Analysis, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general infection control in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, accountant specialists, and financial experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the accountant specialist. The topic emphasizes the accounting system competency of the Pharmacy policy. Results: Pharmacy accounting competencies and financial system policies and procedures included various items. It also provides proficiency steps in pharmacy practice. Accountability for policies and procedures in accounting and financial systems included five models. For instance, patient care, accounting, and financial systems. Besides, the communications, professionalism, and continuing professional development. Each model had an education and training, assessment type, and competence assessment outcome. The Pharmacy Accounting and Financial Systems Competency is offered semi-annually or annually to career professionals. Conclusion: The pharmacy accounting and finance Competency is a new initiative and part of Pharmaceutical Care Services. Pharmacy accounting and financial policy competence aliment in the continued development of pharmacist accounting and financial system skills and improving accounting and financial policies for pharmacy operations. In addition, efficient budgeting and financial reporting in healthcare facilities. Therefore, familiarity with pharmacy accounting and financial policies and procedures is highly recommended for pharmacy practice services worldwide.
Accounting and Financial in Pharmacy Practice: Education and Training
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-06) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Aljumah, Ghadeer Zayed; Alohlie, Nasser Rashid; Alamri, Naif Saleh; Almadany, Maha Hussein; Alashban, Riyadh M; Bahdailah, Amani Abdullah; Almasoudi, Abeer Hussin
Objectives: To explore the accounting and financial system education and training in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of accounting and financial policy and procedures in pharmacy practice. Litterateur searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 15 October 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, Meta-Analysis, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general infection control in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, accountant specialists, and financial experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the accountant specialist. The topic emphasizes the accounting system education and training in pharmacy practice of the Pharmacy policy. Results: The Pharmacy Infection control policy of the Research Education and Training consisted of various items. That has included program objectives, admission requirements, teaching and education methodology, and Pharmacy infection control Education and Training steps in pharmacy practice. The research education and training contained five models. For instance, accounting and financial cycle, pharmacy financial position statement analysis, and managerial accounting. Besides, the pharmacy feasibility studies, pharmacy accounting, and financial quality management. Each model describes the Module description, Learning Objectives, Module Outlines, and Competency items. Conclusion: The accounting and financial system education and training in pharmacy practice is a new initiative for pharmacy career professionals. It will improve pharmacy accounting and financial system skills and encourage pharmacist compliance with accounting and financial system regulations in different pharmacies in various healthcare organizations. Therefore, the accounting and financial system education and training policy and procedures are necessary for the pharmacy system in Saudi Arabia.
Accounting and Financial in Pharmacy Practice: Feasibility Studies
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-06) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Aljumah, Ghadeer Zayed; Alohlie, Nasser Rashid; Alamri, Naif Saleh; Almadany, Maha Hussein; Almasoudi, Abeer Hussin; Alashban, Riyadh M; Aldhewayan, Nujud Ibrahim
Objectives: To explore the Feasibility studies of policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of Feasibility studies policy and procedures in pharmacy practice. Litterateur searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 15 October 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles,Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, Meta-Analysis, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general infection control in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, accountant specialists, and financial experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the accountant specialist. The topic emphasizes visibility studies policy and procedures in the Pharmacy policy. Results: The Feasibility studies of policy and procedures in pharmacy practice consisted of various angles, including general analysis of new ideas or projects, marketing analysis, operation studies, regulations analysis, and economic studies. In addition to SWOT Analysis and business model generations in pharmacy. Conclusion: The Feasibility studies policy is a new pharmacy financial initiative project in pharmaceutical care services. The Feasibility studies policy and procedures in pharmacy practice improve the economic analysis of any new program or project. In addition, it encourages hospital and community pharmacists to implement successful new pharmacy projects with scientific and financial regulations at healthcare organizations. Therefore, the Feasibility studies policy and procedures in pharmacy practice are highly suggested to implement further projects or programs for pharmacy businesses and professionals in Saudi Arabia.
Accounting and Financial in Pharmacy Practice: Financial Position Statement (Balance Sheet)
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-03) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Aljumah, Ghadeer Zayed; Alohlie, Nasser Rashid; Alamri, Naif Saleh; Alashban, Riyadh M; Almadany, Maha Hussein; Almasoudi, Abeer Hussin; AlHamdan, Basmah Suliman; Alanazi, Ghudair Tashan
Objectives: To the financial position statement (balance sheet) policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of the Financial position statement (balance sheet) policy and procedures in pharmacy practice. Litterateur searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 15 October 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, Meta-Analysis, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general infection control in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, accountant specialists, and financial experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the accountant specialist. The topic emphasizes the Financial position statement of the Pharmacy policy. Results: the financial position statement in pharmacy practice indicates its financial position at a particular time, indicating its assets, liabilities, and equity. The financial position statement showed the relationship between these three elements of the pharmacy’s total assets, liabilities, and equity and how these items have changed over time. As illustrated in the review, various analyses are required for the financial position statement, including general analytics, profitability, liquidity, liabilities, efficiency, and price or market analysis or investment analysis policy and procedures. Conclusion: The financial position statement in pharmacy practice policy and procedures is a new initiative project for non-professional accountants. The financial position statement in pharmacy practice improves business and financial decisions. In addition, it encourages pharmacists to adhere to accounting and financial regulations at various places at healthcare institutions. Therefore, the financial position statement in pharmacy practice policy and procedures policy is highly recommended for implementation in the pharmacy business in Saudi Arabia
Accounting and Financial in Pharmacy Practice: Income and Cash Flow Statements
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-03) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Aljumah, Ghadeer Zayed; Alohlie, Nasser Rashid; Alamri, Naif Saleh; Almadany, Maha Hussein; AlHamdan, Basmah Suliman; Alashban, Riyadh M; Almasoudi, Abeer Hussin; Alanazi, Ghudair Tashan
Objectives: To explore the income and cash flow statements policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of the pharmacy practice’s income and cash flow statements policy and procedures. Litterateur searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 15 October 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guideline, Meta-Analysis, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general infection control in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, accountant specialists, and financial experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the accountant specialist. The topic emphasizes income and cash flow statements of the Pharmacy policy. Results: The income and cash flow statements policy and procedures in pharmacy practice had various benefits, such as Financial management, business and tax plan, and assessing the pharmacy profitability and expenditure management. Besides, the pharmacy business’s liquidity and solvency. The income and cash flow statements suggested policy and procedures and related analysis in the pharmacy practice. Conclusion: The income and cash flow statements policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. They will improve the pharmacy business and better financial management. In addition, it encourages pharmacists to adhere to local and international financial and accounting standards and regulations. Therefore, in pharmacy practice, income and cash flow statements policy and procedures are highly suggested for pharmacy business in Saudi Arabia
Accounting and Financial in Pharmacy Practice: Managerial Accounting
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-06) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Aljumah, Ghadeer Zayed; Alohlie, Nasser Rashid; Alamri, Naif Saleh; Almadany, Maha Hussein; Almasoudi, Abeer Hussin; Alashban, Riyadh M
Objectives: To explore the managerial accounting policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of the pharmacy practice’s managerial accounting policy and procedures. Litterateur searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 15 October 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, Meta-Analysis, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general infection control in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, accountant specialists, and financial experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the accountant specialist. The topic emphasizes managerial accounting of the Pharmacy policy. Results: The managerial accounting policy and procedures in pharmacy practice calculate the costs of products sold, working fees, labor costs, and other costs related to running a pharmacy. Managerial accounting in pharmacy practice can analyze the prices of various products and services, track sales revenue and profit margins, and improve pharmacy operations’ efficiency, effectiveness, and profitability. The steps of cost calculation policy and procedures were illustrated in the review. Conclusion: The managerial accounting policy and procedures in pharmacy practice is a new pharmacy management initiative. The managerial accounting policy and procedures in pharmacy practice can help pharmacy managers and administrators make effective financial decisions and plan pharmacy budgets and product pricing. Therefore, pharmacy career professionals in Saudi Arabia must implement the administrative-accounting policy and procedures in pharmacy practice.
Accounting and Financial in Pharmacy Practice: Quality Perspective
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-06) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Aljumah, Ghadeer Zayed; Alohlie, Nasser Rashid; Alamri, Naif Saleh; Alashban, Riyadh M; Almadany Maha Hussein; Almasoudi, Abeer Hussin; AlHamdan, Basmah Suliman; Alanazi, Ghudair Tashan; Aareji, Hussain Mohammed Ibrahim
Objectives: To explore the accounting system quality management policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of accounting system quality management policy and procedures in pharmacy practice. Litterateur searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 15 October 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles, Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guideline, Meta-Analysis, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general infection control in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, accountant specialists, and financial experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the accountant specialist. The topic emphasizes accounting system quality management of the Pharmacy policy. Results: The quality management of accounting system policy and procedures in pharmacy practice has consisted of accounting auditing and financial performance indicators. The review declares accounting system quality indicators and financial indicators. Besides, the techniques of conducting quality management systems for accounting programs in pharmacy practice. Conclusion: The quality management of accounting system policy and procedures in pharmacy practice demands keeping inventory products at an appropriate level, with cost control. Besides, monitor financial indicators and adhere to an accounting auditing system. Thus, quality management of accounting system policy and procedures is highly recommended for pharmacy career professionals worldwide.
Accounting and Financial in Pharmacy Practice: Software and Applications
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-09) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Aljumah, Ghadeer Zayed; Alohlie, Nasser Rashid; Alamri, Naif Saleh; Almadany, Maha Hussein; Alashban, Riyadh M.; Almasoudi, Abeer Hussin
Objectives: To explore the software and applications of accounting and financial policy and procedures in pharmacy practice as a new initiative in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It was a narrative review of the software and applications of accounting and financial policy and procedures in pharmacy practice. Literature searched various databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search period is from the 1960s until 15 October 2023. The term is in full-text English and includes Case Reports, Classical Articles,Clinical Conferences, Clinical Studies, Clinical Trials, Evaluation Studies, Government Publications, Guidelines, Meta-Analysis, Observational Studies, Practice Guidelines, Randomized Controlled Trials, Reviews, Systematic Reviews, with Humans subject.subject. All hospital or community pharmacy services are included in a search term. Besides, the National and international guidelines of general infection control in hospital practice. The committee of pharmacy accounting policy and procedures formulated and consisted of various expert members. That includes clinical pharmacists, accountant specialists, and financial experts. The guidelines of the policy draft by one member by the second member were reviewed and corrected. The third revision was by the accountant specialist. The topic emphasizes accounting and financial software and applications of the Pharmacy policy. Results: The software and applications of accounting and financial policy and procedures in pharmacy practice are continuous, accessible, and fast to retrieve information. Several factors might affect choosing accounting and financial software and applications, including services coverage, cost, and applicable and friendly usage. Conclusion: The software and applications policy is a new pharmacy accounting and financial initiative. The software and applications policy improves the accounting and financial retrieving and documentation system. In addition, it helps pharmacists to adhere to accounting and financial regulations in different places at healthcare organizations. Therefore, the accounting and financial software and applications policy is highly recommended for digital hospital and community pharmacy systems in Saudi Arabia.
Adherence Assessment of Medication Errors Reporting System at the Public Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
(Indian Siddha Medical Graduates Association, 2019-06) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Al-Shubaar, Nisreen; Lubad, Nadia; Albusalih, Fatimah Ali
Objective: Medication errors have noteworthy implications in the field of patient safety. Error detection through a dynamic supervision and an efficient error reporting system unveils medication errors and boosts safe practices. The overall goal of this study is to explore the pharmacist’s adherence to medication errors reporting system in adults and pediatrics at the public hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This article describes 9 months retrospective cohort study in year of 2015. A retrospective study was conducted on all inpatients at a 300-bed hospital where all medication procedures in each ward were monitored by a clinical pharmacist. The study was conducted at the Public Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The hospital had medication safety officer with medication safety committee. The program led by trained pharmacist and delivered basic medication safety education programs to all health professional. The medication error report consisted of patient demographic information, qualification of committing mistakes, time of errors occurs, type of medication errors, reasons for medication errors, medications stages involved and errors outcome. Results: The total number of reports were 805. The most common adherence documentation of error involving medications were cost related information (100%), error related information with an average (90.59%), patient related information (50.37%) and drug related information (49.39%). While the action related information (0.57%) was harmless. The most common completed of error related information were causes of medication errors 775 (96.3%) and type of medication errors 770 (95.6%) followed by outcome of medication errors 764 (94.9%) and medication process stages involved 711 (88.3%). While the patient’s demographic information completed only (50%) in reports. Conclusion: Despite the medication error reporting is consider new at the public hospital, the number of reporting was high. The system needs more determination to follow completeness medication errors reporting system and that by development of an electronic reporting system, program awareness and positive documentation system feedback changes in pharmacy practice.
Adult Standardized Concentration of Antibiotics Intravenous Infusion: New Initiative in Saudi Arabia
(Indian Siddha Medical Graduates Association, 2020-03) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Bahadig, Faiz Abdullah.; Alhamdan, Hani
Objectives: To demonstrate the adult standardized concentration of Antibiotics intravenous infusion as new initiatives in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is a new initiative project drove by national standardized concentration of Antibiotics services. The projects formulated from the international business model, pharmacy project guidelines and project management institution guidelines of a new project. The initiative project is written through project management professionals and contained of several parts, including the initial phase, the planning phase, the execution phase, the monitoring and controlling phase. Results: The adult standardized concentration of Antibiotics intravenous infusion services with a defined vision, mission and goals. The services had various benefits including clinical and economic on patients as exemplified in the review. The continuous of the project assured by risk management model description. In addition, the monitoring and controlling of the services as declared. The transition to operation project though closing project stage was explored in the analysis. Conclusion: The adult standardized concentration of Antibiotics intravenous infusion services is a new initiative part of the intravenous admixture program. The standardized concentration of Antibiotics will lessening drug-related problems and improve patient safety at hospital practice; it is highly recommended to implement in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Adult Standardized Concentration of Cardiovascular Medications Intravenous infusion: A New Initiative in Saudi Arabia
(Indian Siddha Medical Graduates Association, 2020-06) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Alshomrani, Afnan Owedah; Bahadig, Faiz Abdullah.; Alhamdan, Hani
Objectives: To declare the adult standardized concentration of cardiovascular intravenous infusion as a new initiative in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is a new initiative project drove by national standardized concentration of cardiovascular services. The projects formulated from the international business model, pharmacy project guidelines and project management institution guidelines of a new project. The initiative project is written through project management professionals and consisted of several parts, including the initial phase, the planning phase, the execution phase, the monitoring and controlling phase. Results: The adult standardized concentration of cardiovascular medications intravenous infusion services defined as vision, mission and goals. The services had various benefits including clinical and economic on patients, the continuous of the project assured by risk management model description and the monitoring and controlling of the services as illustrated in the review. The transition to operation project though closing project stage explored in the analysis. Conclusion: The adult standardized concentration of cardiovascular intravenous infusion services is a new initiative part of the intravenous admixture program. The standardized concentration of cardiovascular will diminish healthcare professional workload and avoid economic burden on healthcare system; it is highly recommended to implement in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Adult Standardized Concentration of Central Nervous System Medications Intravenous Infusion: A New Initiative in Saudi Arabia
(Indian Siddha Medical Graduates Association, 2020-09) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Alhamdan, Hani; Bahadig, Faiz A.
Objectives: To declare the adult standardized concentration of central nervous system medications intravenous infusion as new initiatives in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is a new initiative project drove by national standardized concentration of central nervous system medications services. The projects formulated from the international business model, pharmacy project guidelines and project management institution guidelines of a new project. The initiative project is written through project management professionals and consisted of several parts, including the initial phase, the planning phase, the execution phase, the monitoring and controlling phase. Results: The adult standardized concentration of central nervous system medications intravenous infusion services defined as a vision, mission and goals. The services had various profits including clinical and economic on patients, the continuous of the project assured by risk management model description. In addition, the monitoring and controlling of the services and the transition to operation project though closing project stage explored in the analysis as illustrated in the review. Conclusion: The adult standardized concentration of central nervous system medications intravenous infusion services is a new initiative part of the intravenous admixture program. The standardized concentration of central nervous system medications maybe leads to reduction of medication errors and improve patient safety culture at healthcare organization; it is highly suggested to implement in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Adult Standardized Concentration of Chemotherapy Intravenous Infusion: New Initiative in Saudi Arabia
(Indian Siddha Medical Graduates Association, 2020-03) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Bahadig, Faiz Abdullah.; Alhamdan, Hani
Objectives: To explore the adult standardized concentration of chemotherapy agent intravenous infusion as new initiatives in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is a new initiative project drove by national standardized concentration of chemotherapy agent services. The projects formulated from the international business model, pharmacy project guidelines and project management institution guidelines of a new project. The initiative project is written through project management professionals and contained of several parts, including the initial phase, the planning phase, the execution phase, the monitoring and controlling phase. Results: The adult standardized concentration of chemotherapy medications intravenous infusion services with a defined vision, mission and goals. The services had various benefits including clinical and economic on patients as explored in the review. The continuous of the project assured by risk management model description. In addition, the monitoring and controlling of the services as declared. The transition to operation project though closing project stage explored in the analysis. Conclusion: The adult standardized concentration of chemotherapy agent intravenous infusion services is a new initiative part of the intravenous admixture program. The standardized concentration of chemotherapy medications will reduce medication misadventures, decrease healthcare professional workload and avoid economic burden on healthcare system; it is highly recommended to implement in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Advance knowledge of Physician about Total Parenteral Nutrition in Saudi Arabia
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-06) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Alashban, Riyadh M; Alanazi, Anwar Ghudair; Alshehri, Abdulmajeed Ali
Objectives: To explore the physician’s advanced knowledge about Total Parenteral Nutrition in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: It analyzes a cross-sectional survey that discussed the physician’s basic knowledge of some items for Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) in Saudi Arabian. The survey consisted of respondents’ demographic information about Physician knowledge of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) calculations. Besides, the physician’s understanding of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) adjusts based on diseases, Physician knowledge of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) components for various populations. The 5-point Likert response scale system was used with closed-ended questions. The survey was validated through the revision of expert reviewers and pilot testing. Besides, various tests of the reliability of McDonald’s ?, Cronbach alpha, Gutmann’s ?2, and Gutmann’s ?6 were done with the study. Furthermore, the data analysis of the Pharmacist practice of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) medications is done through the survey monkey system. Besides, the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), Jeffery’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft Excel sheet version 16. Results: A total number of 409 physicians responded to the questionnaire. Of them, almost onehalf responded from the Northern region (186 (45.48%)), and one Quarter responded from the central area (106 (25.92%)), with statistically significant differences between the provinces (p=0.000). Females responded more than males (268 (65.53%)) versus 141 (34.47%)), with statistically significant differences between all levels (p=0.001). Most of the responders were in the age group of 36-45 years (198 (48.41%)) and 46-55 years (109 (26.65%)), with statistically significant differences between all age groups (p=0.000). Almost one-half of responders, 176 (43.03%), worked at an organization that had Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) services, with only 86 (21.03%) had been ever requested any Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) with statistically significant differences between all answers (p=0.000). The average score of knowledge calculation of Total Parenteral Nutrition services components was (3.41). The element “Total daily requirement of the protein” obtained the highest score (3.81). The aspect “Total daily requirement of the electrolytes” was (3.77). The average score of knowledge the Total Parental Nutrition services (TPNs) adjust with various diseases was (3.70). The element “Hepatic Failure” obtained the highest score (4.30). The aspect “Renal failure” was (4.22). Conclusion: The advanced knowledge of physicians about parenteral nutrition calculations or adjusting parenteral nutrition based on the current disease was inadequate. Therefore, targeting undergraduates and postgraduate education and training is highly in the medical care.
Advanced Practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition by Physicians in Saudi Arabia
(Gulf Index Electronic Publisher, 2023-09) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Al Raisi, Fatma; Alashban, Riyadh M.; Aldosary, Ban Abdullah; Alshehri, Abdulmajeed Ali
Objectives: To explore the physician’s advanced practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It analyzes a cross-sectional survey that discussed advanced physician practice of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) in Saudi Arabia. The survey consisted of respondents’ demographic information about physicians and Advanced Practice Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) by Physicians, the types of prescribing, preparations, and administrations of the Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) system, The responsibility of Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs). The 5-point Likert response scale system was used with closed-ended questions. The survey was validated through the revision of expert reviewers and pilot testing. Besides, various tests of the reliability of McDonald’s ?, Cronbach alpha, Gutmann’s ?2, and Gutmann’s ?6 were done with the study. In addition, the data analysis of the Pharmacist practice of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) medications is done through the survey monkey system. Besides, the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), Jeffery’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft Excel sheet version 16. Results: A total number of 409 physicians responded to the questionnaire. Of them, almost one-half responded from the Northern region (186 (45.48%)), and one Quarter responded from the central area (106 (25.92%)), with statistically significant differences between the provinces (p=0.000). Females responded more than males (268 (65.53%)) versus 141 (34.47%)), with statistically significant differences between all levels (p=0.001). Most of the responders were in the age group of 36-45 years (198 (48.41%)) and 46-55 years (109 (26.65%)), with statistically significant differences between all age groups (p=0.000). Almost one-half of responders, 176 (43.03%), worked at an organization that had Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) services, with only 86 (21.03%) had been ever requested any Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) with statistically significant differences between all answers (p=0.000). The average score of items for advanced practicing Total Parenteral Nutrition services (TPNs) was (3.48). The “Patient safety system for TPN” item scored the highest (3.74). Followed by The element “Pediatrics TPN forms” (3.73) and The element “Clean room for TPN preparation” (3.73). Most physicians had Customized Total Parenteral nutrition for geriatrics 228 (55.75%) and Pediatric 225 (55.01%). In using Standardized Total Parenteral nutrition, most physicians used for geriatrics, 283 (69.19%) and 189 (46.21%), do not know how to use it. In Pre-mixed Total Parenteral nutrition, most physicians used geriatrics 211 (51.59%) and adolescents 209 (51.10%). Conclusion: The advanced practice of parenteral nutrition by physicians was adequate. One-half of physicians practice the New model of parenteral nutrition. The physician had negative perceptions of the parenteral nutrition responsibilities of the pharmacist. The advanced practice of TPN should be considered for further evaluation and accountability in medical care.
Anti-psychiatric Therapeutic Interchanges: A Narrative Reviews
(Indian Siddha Medical Graduates Association, 2020-06) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Bahadig, Faiz Abdullah.
Objective: To review the anti-psychiatric therapeutic interchanges drug therapy. Methods: It is an extensive search, or fifty databases comprised the following through the Saudi Digital Library (SDL) searching engine. It included the various types of studies (meta-analysis, randomized controlled studies and observational studies) in the English language with human study only for the update May 2017. The search in terms of therapeutic interchange, medication, therapy and type of disease or medication base on therapeutics class of anti-psychiatric. The medication list and switch from one drug to alternative based on the literature found the search that has included comparative safety, efficacy and cost of the type of medication for each disease and national or international evidence-based guidelines. Results: The total number of studies after an extensive search with a specific term search was 487 studies. Of those, there were 107 repeated studies, and 380 studies included for future assessment. After assessment, there were 20 studies discussed the therapeutic interchange of anti- Psychiatry. Of those 20 studies, three studies included for evaluation. Conclusion: Anti-psychiatric therapeutic interchange is seldom finding in the kinds of literature. Few observational studies discussed this matter. Further studies claim to standardized Anti-psychiatric therapeutic interchange in practice.
Antibiotics Therapeutic Interchanges: A Narrative Reviews
(Indian Siddha Medical Graduates Association, 2020-03) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Bahadig, Faiz Abdullah
Objective: To review the antibiotics therapeutic interchanges. Methods: It is an extensive search, or fifty databases included the following through the Saudi Digital Library (SDL) searching engine. It included the various type of studies (meta-analysis, randomized controlled studies and observational studies) in the English language with human study only for the update May 2017. The search in terms of therapeutic interchange, medication, therapy and type of disease or medication base on therapeutics class of anti-psychiatric. The medication list and switch from one drug to substitute based on the literature found the search that has included comparative safety, efficacy and cost of the type of medication for each disease and national or international evidence-based guidelines. Results: The total number of studies after an extensive search with a specific term search was 487 studies. Of those, there were 107 duplicated studies, and 380 studies included for future evaluation. After evaluation, there were 27 studies discussed the therapeutic interchange of antibiotics. Of those 27 studies, eight studies included for evaluation. Conclusion: Antibiotics therapeutic interchange system properly applicable implementation in practice. Further studies mandate to validate antibiotic therapeutic interchange. Antibiotic therapeutic interchange is highly recommended in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Assessment of Patient Satisfaction with Pharmaceutical Services in Ministry of Health Hospitals at East Province, Saudi Arabia
(Indian Siddha Medical Graduates Association, 2019-06) Almaznai, Mohammed Mohsen; Almadani, Osama Mohammed; Aloraifi, Ibrahim Abdul Kari; Alsallouk, Saleh Ali; Alkabaz, Hussain; Alotaibi, Abdulaziz Saud; Alamri, Hamdi Abdullah; Al-Hennawi, Kairat Imad; Al-Hennawi, Mohanad Imad; Alomi, Yousef Ahmed
Objective: Patient satisfaction is considered as a measure of the quality of care in health system. Investigation of satisfaction with pharmaceutical services will disclose gaps in training and barricades of implementation. The study examined patient satisfaction of pharmaceutical services at Ministry of Health Hospitals at East Province in Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is a 4-months cross-sectional self-administered survey of patient satisfaction of pharmaceutical care in Ministry of Health Hospitals at East Province, Saudi Arabia. The survey comprises two parts; the first part was demographic data about the patients, the second part was several domains about various pharmaceutical care services at East Province in Saudi Arabia. The 5-point Likert response scale system used with closed and ended questions. The survey scattered through five hospitals in East Province involved a public, pediatrics, maternity and psychiatry hospitals ambulatory care patient. All data and variables analyzed by Microsoft Excel program version 10. Results: The study sample size was 892. Out of 892 patients, 815 (95.66%) was Saudi and 37 (4.34%) was non-SaudiSaudi. Of that 213 (25%) was female and 639 (75%) was male. The majority of patients were between the ages of 20-40 (61.33%) and 41-60 years (39.44%) old. The average score of pharmacy location and related issues was 3.69/5.00. The domain of pharmacy location was ranked highest (4.05/5.00), while the domain of pharmacy waiting area was ranked lowest (3.47/5.00). The average score of medication related issues was 4.28/5.00. The domain of the drug label stickled with all medications was ranked highest (4.43/5.00), while the domain of the medication reconciliation was ranked lowest (3.56/5.00). The average score of pharmacist related issues was 4.66/5.00. The domain of the pharmacist assure by your name before dispensing was ranked highest (4.58/5.00), while the domain of the pharmacist provides you with medication counseling and encourages you to ask questions was ranked lowest (3.91/5.00). The overall pharmacy evaluation was 4.55/5.00. Conclusion: The patient satisfaction of pharmacy services was adequate at MOH hospital in East Province, Saudi Arabia. The outcomes showed a lack in pharmacists ‘interaction with patients and exertions should be focused towards involvement in a more patient-oriented training in Saudi hospital pharmacies.
Asthma Disorders Therapeutic Interchanges Drug : A Narrative Reviews
(Indian Siddha Medical Graduates Association, 2020-09) Alomi, Yousef Ahmed; Bahadig, Faiz Abdullah
Objective: To analysis the anti-asthmatic medications therapeutic interchanges drug therapy. Methods: It is an extensive search, or fifty databases comprised the following through the Saudi Digital Library (SDL) searching engine. It encompassed the various types of studies (meta-analysis, randomized controlled studies and observational studies) in the English language with human study only for the update May 2017. The search in terms of therapeutic interchange, medication, therapy and type of disease or medication base on therapeutics class of Anti-psychiatric. The medication list and switch from one drug to another based on the literature found the search that has included comparative safety, efficacy and cost of the type of medication for each disease and national or international evidence-based guidelines. Results: The total number of studies after an extensive search with a specific term search was 487 studies. Of those, there were 107 duplicated studies, and 380 studies included for future assessment. After assessment, there were 14 studies about therapeutic interchange of medicines for asthma. Of those 14 studies, one study included for evaluation. Conclusion: Anti-asthmatic therapeutic interchange studies are occasionally finding in the literature. International asthma management guidelines as an alternative interchange of this matter. Further studies claim to standardized anti-asthmatic therapeutic interchange pharmacy field.

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