Songklanagarind Medical Journal

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https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/131346

Frequency: 6 issues per year (Jan-Feb, Mar-Apr, May-Jun, Jul-Aug and Nov-Dec)
Language: Fultext in Thai and some in English, Abstract in English and Thai
E-mail: skamolth@medicine.psu.ac.th
URL: https://medinfo.psu.ac.th/smj2/smj.htm

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 327

The efficiency of screening for carriers of severe thalassemia in three community hospitals in Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Thailand
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) S Panyasai; S Cheechang
Screening methods for thalassemia carriers which have been widely used in Thailand include the Osmotic Fragility Test (OFT) and Dichlorophenol-indophenol precipitation test (DCIP). Both methods have been shown to be effective for screening of severe thalassemia carriers including α thalassemia 1, β- thalassemia and hemoglobin E (HbE). There has been some concern about the efficacy of thalassemia testing in smaller hospitals in Thailand. Effective screening of potential thalassemia carriers in community hospitals can lead to improved prevention and control of this serious disease. The objective of this study was to determine the efficiency of thalassemia screening at three community hospitals in Nakhon Si Thammarat province. Three hundred and fifty nine pregnant women who attended an anti-natal care clinic were studied. All subjects were screened at these three community hospitals using the OFT and DCIP tests. Hb types and quantifications were performed using cellulose acetate electrophoresis and microcolumn chromatography to identify β-thalassemia carriers. α-thalassemia 1 carriers (SEA and THAI deletions) were identified by PCR. It was found that the overall efficiency of thalassemia screening at these three community hospitals was 58.8%. Fifty-one severe thalassemia carriers were identified. Thirty cases screened positive and 21 cases screened negative. Among the 21 screening negative cases, 2 α-thalassemia 1 carriers (SEA deletion), 2 β-thalassemia carriers and 17 subjects with Hb E were identified. The findings indicate that screening for severe thalassemia carriers at these three community hospitals in Nakhon Si Thammarat province are not effective and need further improvement.
Impaired skin microcirculation in hospitalized elderly and in patients with spinal cord injuries: a pressure ulcer risk
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) W Sae-Sia
Pressure ulcers are complications among patient with chronic illness in most settings, especially among the hospitalized elderly and patients with spinal cord injuries. Impaired skin microcirculation combined with loading pressure, friction and shear force are crucial risk factors for development of pressure ulcers. This article aims to a review available research that has been conducted on skin microcirculation, as defined by skin blood flow and skin temperature, in hospitalized elderly and patients with spinal cord injuries. A review of 18 studies revealed that, healthy or ill elderly, as well as patients with spinal cord injuries, were all experience impaired ski microcirculation. A combination of loading pressure and impaired skin microcirculation were found to be crucial pressure ulcer risk factors for the hospitalized elderly and patients with spinal cord injuries. Implication of effective strategies to promote skin blood flow and decrease skin temperature for nursing practice and future research are suggested.
Nursing practices for anxiety reduction of psychiatric patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy: a case study of Suansaranrom Hospital, Suratthani Province
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) N Nualsuth; B Petcharat; W Sutharangsi
This descriptive, comparative research aimed to compare nursing practices between professional nurses with 5 years of experience or less (Group I) to those with more than 5 years of experience in caring for psychiatric patients (Group II) undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The subjects, chosen by simple random sampling, included 2 groups of 63 (total =126 professional nurses) from Suansaranrom Hospital, Suratthani province. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The instrument’s reliability was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient, yielding a value of 0.97. Data were analyzed using the Independent t-test, frequency, percentage, mean and Standard Deviation.The results showed that:1. The practices, both overall and each stage of nursing process, for anxiety reduction in psychiatric patients undergoing ECT was at high level.2. Comparing the mean scores of nursing practices for anxiety reduction in psychiatric patients undergoing ECT between the two groups of professional nurses, we found that Group II performed nursing practices more than that Group I, having a statistical significance of (p \< 0.05). It was also found that this group performed more nursing practices in almost all the stages except the Planning Stage.The results of this study can be used for improving nursing practices for anxiety reduction in psychiatric patients undergoing ECT. Emphasizing every stage of nursing process for anxiety reduction is recommended.
Common information and support needs of callers to the Songklanagarind Hospital cancer hotline service
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) P Prechavittayakul
The objective of this descriptive research is to identify the most common information and support needs of callers contacting a Cancer Hotline, the association between these needs and the types of callers and also to describe the changing pattern of callers' needs. The study setting was the Cancer Hotline Service operated by the Cancer Centre in the Faculty of Medicine at Prince of Songkla University located in Hat Yai, Songkhla. The information was collected between 2004 and 2007, and was analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test. Our results indicated that the majority of callers were women. The types of callers were patients caregivers and the public respectively, and each call lasted between one and five minutes. The three most common information and support needs requested were similar between patients and caregivers: (1) general information about cancer, (2) symptom management, and (3) cancer treatment, although worried about getting cancer among the public were significantly different from patients and caregivers. This paper discusses additional strategies for setting up a telephone service for support and health information.
Prevalence of visual fatigue and its determinants among computer users in the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) J Sornboot; P Phakthongsuk; S Thangtrison
Abstract:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of visual fatigue and its determining factors among 169 computer users at Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University. The data on visual fatigue and its determinants were collected using an interview questionnaire and a flicker fusion instrument (flicker fusion model 12021). Other measurements included visiometry by stereo optical industrial vision tester; noise, light, and relative humidity by standard industrial hygiene instruments.The results revealed that the prevalence of visual fatigue as assessed through the questionnaire, critical flicker fusion instrument, and both instruments were 77.5%, 49.7% and 40.8% respectively. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the predictive factors of visual fatigue were inappropriate distance between eyes and computer screen, duration of working with computer of more than 2 hours and poor refresh rate (shown as flickering of letters or images on computer screen).The evidence from this study suggested that not working continuously with a computer for more than two hours, ensuring distance between eyes and monitor of between 50-70 centimeters and adjusting the computer to reduce flickering of letters or images on the computer screen might prevent visual fatigue among computer users.
Professionalism development of first year medical students at Prince of Songkla University
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) J Pitanupong; A Vitayanont
This study aimed to evaluate the method of medical professionalism development in 47 fleshy medical student joining the Sunday peer club. The mean score of the individual interview, Emotional Quotient (EQ) score, especially in the part of empathy, motivation, security, responsibility and self evaluation were higher than the change from the pretest baseline. After for 4 years follow up, the 22 medical students (46.8%) have became the activists of Faculty of Medicine Prince of Songkla University. The conclusion of this study was that medical professionalism can be developed in medical students.
People's behavior in preventing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever a case study: Khuanpho
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) O Pisalsutthikul; S Prom-in; W Dhammasaccakarn
This study focuses on the qualitative research on the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever preventing behavior of the people in epidemic area and non epidemic area in Khuanpho subdistrict, Satun province. The data were collected over 5 months. The key informants were community leaders, the chairman of Local Administrative Organization, patients and their parents, public health officers, community health volunteers and people from both areas. The data were collected by in-depth interviews, group conversation and random testing for Aedes mosquitoe larvae in the studied areas. The data was qualified by the triangulation method and analysed by interpretation and summarization of the important content. The results showed that most people of both areas had basic knowledge about Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, although those from the epidemic area lacked intention to control the Aedes mosquitoes, index of Aedes mosquitoe larvae higher than non-epidemic area and perceived that preventing and controlling of epidemic was the job of health control officers. It was also found that community leaders, the chairman of the local administrative organization, public health officers and community health volunteers were influentialon changing the behavior of the people.
Factors influencing breast self-examination behavior among women in Korhong sub-district municipality of Hat Yai, Songkhla Province
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) P Jittanoon; S Wungthanakorn; W Chansawang
The purposes of this study were to describe breast self-examination (BSE) behavior; determine BSE and breast cancer knowledge as well as health beliefs; and examine the influence of BSE knowledge and health beliefs on BSE practice among women in three age groups: 35 to 45, 45 to 54, and 55 and older. The Health Belief Model was used to guide our study. The purposive sample consisted of 398 women aged 35 years and over in Korhong sub-district municipality, Songkhla province. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis.Results revealed that only 15-20% of women in the three age groups had performed monthly BSE and about half had never performed a BSE. The reason for never having performed a BSE was the lack of BSE knowledge and skills. The mean scores of perceived susceptibility and severity of breast cancer and perceived barriers to BSE of women in the three age groups were at a moderate level except for the perceived severity of women aged 55 years and over, which was at a high level. Women in all age groups perceived the benefits of BSE at a high level. Predictive factors of BSE among women in three age groups were different. In the youngest age group, knowledge of BSE was the only significant variable. For women aged 45 to 54 years, knowledge and perceived barriers were both significantly related to BSE. For the oldest age group, perceived barriers was the only significant predictor of BSE.
Prevalence of health-risk behaviors among employees in medium-sized factories, Songkhla province.
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) M Kaso; P Sangsupawanich; P Phakthongsuk
Objective: The aim of study was to investigate the prevalence of health risk behaviors among employees in medium-sized factories, Songkhla province.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using cluster sampling by proportional to size (PPS) in 20 medium-sized factories, including 1,000 subjects self-administered questionnaires. The period of study was June-October 2007.Results: The questionnaire response rate was 91.3%. The prevalences of health risk behavior was: 23.3% hazardous drinking, 24.2% smoking, 50.4% unsafe sex, 59.9% not wearing a helmet when driving a motorcycle, 54.4% not wearing a safety belt when driving a car, 14.7% driving motorcycle or a car after drinking alcohol, 16.3% substance abuse, 53.4% lack of exercise, 11.1% inappropriate stress management. Gender was significantly associated with hazardous drinking, smoking, wearing a seat belt when driving and lack of exercise. Age was significantly associated with wearing a seat belt when driving. Education level was significantly associated with smoking, wearing a seat belt when driving and lack of exercise. Income was significantly associated with hazardous drinking, smoking, wearing a seat belt when driving andsubstance abuse. Occupational class was significantly associated with hazardous drinking, wearing a seat belt when driving, substance abuse and inappropriate stress management.Conclusion: The prevalence of health risk behaviors is high among employees in medium-sized factories. The findings of this study should be beneficial in health promotion programs.
Development of a disease specific quality of life instrument: Thai version of the Diabetic-39
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) K Songraksa; S Lerkiatbundit
Objective: To test the validity and reliability of the Thai version of the Diabetes-39 (D-39) instrument.Design: Correlational study. Materials and methods: Translation of the English questionnaire into Thai employed the translation-back translation technique. Preliminary testing included assessment by 3 experts, think-aloud testing in 5 patients and pretesting in 30 patients. A large-sample study was conducted in 397 diabetic patients at 6 community hospitals in southern Thailand. The majority of subjects (93.2%) completed the scale through an interview.Results: Exploratory factor analytic results revealed a six-factor structure underlying the D39. The newly identified factor was other health problems and diabetic complications, comprising of 3 items. Thirty-one items from the 36 remaining items clustered into 5 factors identified by the previous studies. The size of nearly all factor loadings were about 0.40 or greater than 0.40. All six dimensions of the D-39 showed reliability indices greater than 0.70. The patterns of the relationship between the D-39 and the SF-36 or self-perception of disease severity were consistent with those hypothesized. All dimensions of the D-39 could reliably discriminate among subjects with/without comorbidities or those with/without insulin injection or those with/without complications. However, the effect size was rather small, less than 0.50.Conclusions: The D-39 Thai version shows an acceptable level of reliability and validity. The study suggests 6 factors underlying the D-39. However, further studies in a different sample are needed to confirm theresult on factor structure.
Expectation and actual participation of caregiver to neurosurgical patients
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) S Inkate; K Petehsri; K Maniwat
The objectives of the research assessed a neurosurgical patient's need for the participation of a caregivers and the actual participation of a caregiver. The study compares 1) the need for, and the participation of, caregivers of these patients; 2) the need and participation of caregivers who differed intheir personal relationship with the patients and 3) the need and participation of male and female caregivers. The study sample included 60 caregivers, mostly females, between 26 and 35 years old. All caregiverswere members of the families of patients, mostly a spouse. Data was collected through a personal checklist of neurosurgical patients and a set of questions regarding the need andparticipation of caregivers of neurosurgical patients. The study used arithmetic means, standard deviations, One-Way-ANOVA and t-test statistics. The study revealed that the subjects mainly want health care officials to pay attention to them and also to have respect and sympathy from officials. They would like to be part of care-giving. Caregivers mostly want the assistance of nurses. A small degree of differences at the 0.01 level exists between the need and participation of caregivers. Based on gender, no significant differences were found in needs and participation among male and female caregivers.
A randomized controlled study of allopurinol mouthwash in the prevention of 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) P Kaewmanee; P Wongpoowarak; P Sunpaweravong; S Kasiwong; W Wongpoowarak
Objectives: To formulate an allopurinol suspension; study the chemical and physical stability of the formulation and compare the efficacy and adverse drug reactions of a 5 mg/mL allopurinol mouthwash with a placebo in the prevention of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced oral mucositis. Materials and Methods: First, allopurinol suspensions were extemporaneously formulated. A HPLC method was used and subsequently validated to determine the content and indicate the stability of allopurinol. The stability of this formulation was studied for a month by measuring the chemical and physical properties. Next, a randomized controlled trial was conducted in the patients receiving 5-FU. The mouthwash was administered immediately after receiving 5-FU and after 1, 2, and 3 hours by swilling around their mouth. Results: The analysis method was found to have specificity, linearity (r2 = 0.9999), accuracy (%recovery = 99.3-100.9%) and precision (%RSD = 0.27-0.70%). The allopurinol suspension was chemically and physically stable at the ambient temperature and 45oC for at least one month and the percentage of active content was at least 97.7%. There were 66 patients randomized to receive allopurinol mouthwash or the placebo. The evaluation did not show any statistically significant difference between allopurinol mouthwash and the placebo in the prevention of 5-FU-induced oral mucositist (p = 0.55). Adverse drug reactions reported were nausea and a burning sensation. There was no significant difference in adverse drug reactions between allopurinol mouthwash and the placebo (p = 0.41).Conclusions: The extemporaneous preparation of the allopurinol suspension was chemically and physically stable. This study has demonstrated that 5 mg/mL allopurinol mouthwash has no effect on the prevention 5-FU-induced oral mucositis when compared with the placebo. The occurrence of adverse drug reaction was not statistically different between allopurinol mouthwash and the placebo.
The result of the clinical pathway implementation for ischemic stroke patients in Songklanagarind Hospital
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) U Juntawises; P Sathirapanya; C Voragul; Y Wattanasit; C Yeesakul; S Sasatranuruk
This study aimed to study the effect of the clinical pathway on ischemic stroke patients on the incidence of complications, length of hospital stay, expense of hospital stay and readmission within 28 days after discharge. The study compared two groups of patients-one group from before the study was started, with 50 cases of ischemic stroke patients admitted between January 2002 and December 2003, and a second group of 50 patients admitted after the program began between January 2004 and August 2006. In the first, pre-implementation group, the patients' mean age was 62.3 years. The rates of complications were 4% for urinary tract infections and 2% for bed sores. The mean hospital stay and expense of hospital stay were 7.0 days and 11,074 baht respectively, and 6% of stroke patients were readmitted within 28 days after discharge. After the clinical pathway program was implemented, there were 50 patients with a mean age of 64.3 years. The rate of complications was 2% for urinary tract infections. The mean length of hospital stay was 5.8 days, the mean expense was 9,271 baht, and the 28-day readmission rate was 4%. The caregivers' ability to care for their patients, and satisfaction with the new program of the clinical pathway were high. These results show that the implementation of the clinical pathway for ischemic stroke patients decreased hospital stay significantly (p \< 0.05), but did not decrease the expense of hospital stay, rate of complications or readmission rate.
Effects of a sex education program for parents on their communication about sex with
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) P Singchungchai; W Suwannarat; U Sukhaphan; N Hassman; K Bunlert; C Srithawiwat; S Khongwet; F Binron; R Snawanno
Objective: To investigate the effects of a sex education programme designed for parents on their communication with their teenage children about sexual matters.Type of research: Quasi-experimentMaterials and methods: The sample consisted of 40 parents and 40 of their teenage children divided between two groups; one from an urban school and the other from a rural school. The parents attended the education programme over two days and one evening. Data was collected before and after attending the programme then a follow-up study was made on the parent's frequency of communication about sex education with their teenage children by phone and a questionnaire sent by mail. The programme was tested for its content validity by three experts with reliability values of 0.80 and 0.83. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and paired t-testResults: The effects of the programme revealed that the levels of communication both before and after attending the programme were significantly different (p \< 0.05) with the mean score for communication after attending being higher than before attending for all the tested aspects: communication about sex with teenage children; teenage physical development; teenage relationships with the opposite sex; HIV/AIDS prevention; unwanted pregnancy prevention; medical use by teenagers and teenagers' understanding about the role of men and women according to Thai social standards. The level of the parents' and teenagers' satisfaction towards sex education was high.
Selected factors relating to the sleep quality of nurses in regional hospitals in southern
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) K Yodchai; A Oumtanee; T Chinnawong
The purposes of this research were to study the quality of sleep and its related variables and predictors as perceived by professional nurses. The methods of random sampling was used to select 160 professional nurses, who were questioned about their family responsibility, sleep hygiene, stress of practice, sleep environment and quality of sleep (scale 0-21). The question content validity was checked by three experts and each area had a Cronbach's alpha reliability of 0.79, 0.70, 0.94, 0.94 and 0.70, respectively. Statistical analysis by percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis and representation. The results findings were the quality of sleep of professional nurses was “bad” (x = 8.03, SD = 2.33), by have health status, sleep hygiene, days of morning shift, sleep environment and age (r = 0.372, 0.336, 0.305, 0.295 and 0.212, respectively), while stress of practice had a negative relationship (r = -0.309), for variables that significantly predicted the quality of sleep at p \< 0.05 were health status, days of morning shift, sleep environment and sleep hygiene, which accounted for 29.1% of the variance. In conclusion, the positive selected factors relating to the sleep quality of nurses are health status, days of morning shift, sleep environment, sleep hygiene and age. The effect of study are guideline set schedule and to concern about sleep environment, health status, sleep hygiene, and the sleep effect to quality of sleep.
A review of 5 years exotropia surgery outcome in Songklanagarind Hospital
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-22) S. Burachokeviwat; S. Kanok-kantapong; S. Tengtrisorn
Objective: To study the outcomes and factors of muscle surgery for exotropia at Songklanagarind Hospital. Design: A retrospective descriptive study. Materials and methods: A review was made of medical records for patients who had muscle surgery for exotropia between January 1999 and December 2003. The angle of deviation and binocularity status before and after surgery were examined, follow up for at least 6 months. Results: Forty five patients were classified into two groups. Group1 included; 25 patients (55.6%) had intermittent exotropia and group 2; 20 patients (44.4%) had constant exotropia. The average follow up time was 25±20.39 months (range 6-79 months). After surgery 96% of patients with intermittent exotropia had alignment within 10 Prism diopters, compared to 80% of patients with constant exotropia. The binocularity was improved in 60.9% of patients with intermittent exotropia and 31.2% of those with constant exotropia. The binocularity was improved mostly to patients with age of 3.1-9 years at the time of surgery. Conclusion: The success rate was higher in intermittent exotropia group. The patients with exotropia who had age of 3.1-9 years at the time of surgery could did gain binocularity.
Sexual beliefs and patterns among Thai adolescents and youths in educational institutions in Songkhla Province
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-25) A Prasartwanakit; A Prasartwanakit; P Songwathana; P Songwathana; B Phetcharat; B Phetcharat
This survey research aimed to study the beliefs and patterns of sexual risk behavior of Thai adolescents and youths in education institutions in Songkhla Province. The sample included 1,156 adolescents and youths who were studying in secondary schools, vocational schools and universities from both public and private institutions. The data were obtained through both focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. A questionnaire about beliefs and patterns of sexual risk behavior was developed based on qualitative data analysis and literature review. Cronbach's alpha reliability of this questionnaire was 0.8. The results showed that belief on sexual relations among adolescents and youths of every educational level were similar. The common beliefs were that it is common for them to have sex with lovers (66.2%) or other acquaintance (48.6%) although they have had boy/girlfriend. They also felt that condom use increased sexual activities because they can prevent pregnancy. The overall mean age of first sexual intercourse was 15.9 years old, lower in males than in females. Only 29.9% of males and 35.2% of females had used a condom at their first sexual intercourse. There was a significant difference among males and females on whether it was acceptable to have sex, and in their understanding or ability to practice safe sex (p \< 0.001).
Giant frontal skull base schwannoma: a case report
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-25) W Galassi; J Wacharaprapapong; T Thesawadwong
A 20-year-old woman presented with a 2-day history of seizure. The physical examination revealed no neurological deficit. Radiological imagings showed a large tumor on the right frontal skull base. The tumor was surgically removed. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. Immunohisto-430 chemical studies revealed that the tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein and negative for both epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and Leu7. One year later magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no recurrent tumor. Solitary schwannoma arising from the anterior skull base is rare and less than 35 cases have been reported in the literature
A survey of the potential clinical drug interactions between fluoxetine and co-prescribed
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-25) K Wiwattanawongsa; U Nualchan; O Kuelao; S Thantasuwan
Objective: To determine the prevalence of the potential interactions attributed to concomitant use of fluoxetine (FLX) with other therapeutic agents commonly prescribed at Songkhla Rajanagarindra Hospital.Method: Outpatient prescription data (June-August 2006) were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Information including patient's characteristics, number of events which FLX was co-prescribed with other drugs, dose and dosage regimen of FLX and those of the co-prescribed agents which can cause drug interactions (DIs) were recorded. The prevalence of potential DIs was reported as percentage and classified according to patient's age, gender, and significance level.Results: Sixty percent of 1,539 prescriptions containing FLX were likely to cause DIs. Thisnumber corresponded to 1,176 out of 1,802 pairs of FLX co-prescriptions. Dose of 20 mg/day was mostly prescribed for FLX, and patients aged 20-40 years old were mostly receiving FLX co prescription. Significance level 4 interactions were mostly characterized (45.2% of the potential DIs). Among the total of 15 drugs potentially causing DI with FLX, propranolol was the most frequently co-prescribed agent. Other agents found to be frequently co-prescribed with FLX were haloperidol, clozapine, tricyclic antidepressants, and anticonvulsants.Conclusion: Sixty percent of FLX co-prescription was likely to cause DI at Songkhla Rajanagarindra Hospital. Among the 15 identified agents potentially causing DI, frequently co-prescribed agents with FLX were propranolol, haloperidol, and clozapine.
The application of cellulose (Thainanocell®) wound dressing on acute wound with partialthickness
(Songklanagarind Medical Journal, 2009-12-25) Y Watanasit; S Jitsurong; F Wansu; V Chichareon
Cellulose (Thainanocell®) was applied on 22 patients (27 wounds) with acute wounds (superficial to partial- thickness loss). The mean age of 20 out - patients was 23.3 years (23 wounds); while 2 diabetic patients who were admitted in medical ward, the mean age was 86.5 years (4 wounds). The wound size mean was 23.1 cm.2 (SD=33.3). After standard cleaning with normal saline, the wound was covered with Thainanocell® then one or two of gauzes were put on it. The transparent adhesive film was put over on the gauze level at the last step. The dressing could be changed every 2-7 day. The average overall healing times was 8 days (SD=3.0). The mean number of dressing changes was 2.3 (Range=1-5). The Thainanocell® promoted autolytic debridement and wound healing. No Allergies or infections were found in our patients. Thainanocell® was effective in treating acute wound with partial-thickness loss on the patients of a wide range of age.

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