IMSEAR Repository :: Browsing by Author "Yadav, P."

Browsing by Author "Yadav, P."

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Assessment of the Existing Feeding and Housing Management Practices of Dairy Animals in Rajbanshi Dairy Farmers
(Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2023-12) Barman, B; Mohammad, A; Girish, C. E.; Kisku, U; Lepcha, CY; Yadav, P.
Feeding and housing play a very significant role in utilizing the real potential of dairy animals as both are prerequisite factors for milk production. The study was conducted in the Coochbehar district of West Bengal to explore the existing feeding and housing management practices followed by Rajbanshi dairy farmers. A total sample size of 200 dairy farm families was taken using multistage random sampling for the present study. It was observed that the majority of dairy farmers (63.00%) followed the system of stall feeding and for feeding green fodder majority (94.50%) of dairy farmers depended on naturally grown vegetation/ pastures. The study revealed that the majority (68.00%) of dairy farmers fed paddy straw as dry fodder followed by 32.00 percent of dairy farmers who fed both paddy straw and wheat straw to their animals. The majority (83.00%) of the dairy farmers did not feed mineral mixtures to their animals. Among animal sheds a vast majority (83.50%) were kaccha and the maximum percentage (87.50%) of the housing systems were single row. The majority (83.00%) of the sheds had a full wall in addition to this the walls were made up of tin sheets (45.00%) as well as jute sticks (37.00%). Rice straw was used as bedding material in the winter season by 62.00% percent of dairy farmers. The existing feeding and housing practices among Rajbanshi dairy farmers need improvement, including increased awareness of fodder cultivation, promotion of home-prepared feed, mineral supplementation, better shed construction, sanitation, and waste management.
Comparison Of Maternal And Fetal Outcome Following Caesarean Section In Pre- Eclamptic Patients Under General And Spinal Anesthesia
(Association of Health Professionals and Health Educators, 2022-01) Vaghasia, A; Modi, H; Tripathi, D; Baraiya, D; Yadav, P.
Background:Pre-eclampsia is a multi-system disorder in pregnancy associated with significant maternal morbidity and mortality and also affects neonatal outcome. Choice of anesthesiatechnique and skillful management is equally important for maternal and fetal well-being. So, this study was designed to compare the maternal and fetal outcome following cesarean section in pre-eclamptic patients under general and spinal anesthesia. Material And Methods:This prospective, randomized observational study was carried out in 60 parturients age between 18 to 40 years divided in two groups 30 parturients in each. ASA Physical Status II and III who delivered after 34 weeks of gestation with criteria of mild pre-eclampsia by means of Elective/emergency C-section were included. After giving pre medication Group G received thiopentone, succinylcholine intravenously before intubation followed by oxygen, sevoflurane and atracurium (after delivery of baby). Group S received spinal anesthesia by using 2 ml of 0.5% heavy bupivacaine. Heart rate, blood pressure, SpO2 of mother and neonate were recorded at specific time points. Also post of ICU shifting of mother for maternal outcome and APGAR score at 1,5,7minutes, ABGA, resuscitation requirement and NICU admission data were recorded for fetal outcome.Result:After induction maternal heart rate and blood pressure were higher side (still within 30% from baseline) in group G as compared to group S. APGAR score, ABGA and NICU shifting requirements had favorable outcome in group S. Conclusion:Spinal anesthesia is first choice as it is more safe, simple and with better maternal and fetal outcome.
Determinants of anaemia among adolescent girls in rural Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
(Medip Academy, 2023-08) Yadav, P.; Kumar, A.; Kansal, S.
Background: India is home to 253 million adolescents 10-19 years of age, among the largest cohorts globally. This age group comprises of individuals in a transient phase of life requiring nutrition, education, counselling and guidance to ensure their development into healthy adults. Adolescent girls are the most vulnerable group of population due to different reasons especially anaemia. Anaemia is a major public health problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among adolescent girls (10-19 years) in rural Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. Methods: The present study was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted among 369 adolescent girls in rural Varanasi with a semi-structured and pretested questionnaire. Results: Study shows that the overall prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls was 67.8% out of which 41.5% and 24.4% were mild and moderately anaemic respectively. Anaemia was significantly associated with age groups, birth order, menarche status, no. of days of menstruation, gap between two cycles, use of clothes/sanitary pads and no. of pads used during menstrual cycle. Conclusions: Study found some preliminary factors significantly associated with anaemia like low socio-economic status, higher birth order, and knowledge about menstrual hygiene practices. Anaemia continues to be a major public health problem in India despite multiple initiatives to address it among adolescent girls.
Development and Evaluation of Flaxseed Butter
(Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2024-12) Basumatary, D; Padmavathi, T; Supraja, T; Yadav, P.
Aims: To investigate the proximates of developed flaxseed butter. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Community Science, Professor Jayashankar Telangana Agricultural University and Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India between January 2024 and August 2024. Methodology: Three developed flaxseed butter with varying proportion of groundnut (75g to 60g) incorporated with groundnut oil and palm oil (1-3ml) was compared with control peanut butter to establish the nutritional profile as well as flaxseed butter made of 100% flaxseed was also compared to establish a baseline of its nutritional profile. Results: The study have shown that there was a significant (P < 0.05) difference on the fat and protein content of the flaxseed butter as compared to control peanut butter whereas no significant difference was observed on the moisture and ash content. Conclusion: The results of the current study indicate that the developed flaxseed butter improved the nutritional content.
Efficacy and Safety of Conventional Synthetic Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (csDMARDs) on the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
(Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 2024-12) Kumar, S; Pandey, A; Prasad, R; Singh, AK; Yadav, P.
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease that can induce a wide range of extra-articular symptoms. CsDMARDs–methotrexate, hydrochloroquine, leflunomide, and sulfasalazine are a few beneficial remedies for RA. DMARDs are a mainstay in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Objective-To assess the efficacy of Conventional Synthetic DMARDson the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Methodology: A total 36 patients of Rheumatoid Arthritis fulfilling the inclusion criteria and having symptoms of RA were enrolled for this Interventional study from OPDof Department of Medicine, SS Hospital, Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi and were followed for three months.After the completion of the study, 32 patients completed all 3 follow-ups. Result: DMARDs has significantly improved the RA factor, Anti CCP, CRP and ESR values, as median values of these diagnostic tests have reduced over time(RA factor-27.12 to 16.24, Anti CCP-28.26 to 18.86, CRP –7.65 to 4.23 and ESR-34.50 to 23.50). After 3 months treatment with synthetic DMARDs, the mean SGOT, SGPT and Urea level decreased significantly from 36.43 ± 12.92 to 31.93 ± 10.92, 38.74 ± 12.15 to 34.01 ± 10.59 and 39.14 ± 12.34 to 34.51 ± 10.44 respectively. DMARDs was also effective in reducing the pain (joint pain, low back pain and neck pain),as median values of joint pain, low back pain and neck pain have reduced over time(Joint pain-6 to 3, Low Back Pain-6 to 2 and Neck Pain-4.5 to 1). Adverse effects were observed in more than 30% of patients Discussion: The study showed that DMARDs was effective and safe for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis according to the biochemical and clinical pain score finding over -90 day follow up. A long term follows up and histological examination, invasive or non –invasive, is required to give conclusive report.
Foraging Behavior and Pollination Efficiency of Honey Bee Species on Apple Ber (Z. mauritiana Lamk.)
(Ms. M. B. Mondal, 2024-02) Yadav, V; Jat, MK; Yadav, S; Kumar, H; Maanju, S; Yadav, P.
The foraging behavior and pollination efficiency of honey bee species on Apple ber (Z. mauritiana Lamk.) were carried out in the Apple ber orchard situated at the Horticulture Experimental Area and P.G. Laboratory of the Department of Entomology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2022. The maximum foraging rate was observed in Apis dorsata (19.47 flowers per minute) and lowest foraging rate was observed in Apis florea (8.29 flowers/minute). The maximum mean foraging speed was observed in Apis florea 6.22 seconds for nectar reward and it was lowest in Apis dorsata (2.33 seconds) for pollen reward. The loose pollen grains (LPG) carrying capacity was highest for Apis dorsata (109584) followed by Apis mellifera (71827) and it was lowest for Apis florea (42806). The maximum Relative Pollination efficiency (RPE) was recorded in Apis dorsata (16.21) followed by Apis mellifera (14.45) and it was lowest in case of Apis cerana (4.90). It was observed that pollen (13.18) and nectar+pollen (13.05) foragers exhibited maximum and second maximum RPE, respectively.
The normative reference value of the L test in older adults of age group 60 to 70 years of elderly adults: a cross-sectional study
(Medip Academy, 2024-05) Katalkar, P.; Yadav, P.
Background: Walking speed assessments are thought to predict eventual health outcomes and patient quality of life when assessing the physical mobility of an individual. Such performance measurements are functional and objective which gives us accurate interpretation to anticipate future goals. The L-test is a feasible, easy administration in clinical setup would be quick and effortless for physiotherapist professionals. As there is no normative value of L- the test that could interpret the score of the test, our study focuses on finding the cut-off value in older adults aged 60-70 years. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from January 2021 to June 2021 in Mumbai, India. A total of 200 participants were selected based on inclusion criteria. The study used an L-shaped path that is 20 meters long which goes 3 meters straight, then a right turn, followed by 7 meters straight. The subjects walked along the marked pathway and the test completion time was noted. Results: A notable difference was found between the male and female participants with a p value of 0.015 and the test duration for males was 19.15 (16.87-22.64) seconds and for females was 20.22 (18.03-23.94) seconds. A positive weak correlation was found between the body mass index (BMI) and duration. Also, a positive weak correlation was found statistically significant between the age and duration of the test. Conclusions: The study showed that there is an increased time duration of the L test with advancing age and BMI.
Pattern of antiepileptic drug utilization in epilepsy patients in outpatient departments of a tertiary care hospital
(Mrs Dipika Charan of MedScience (India) Publications, 2023-01) Rai, J; Kaushik, S; Agrawal, H; Mahajan, A; Yadav, P.
Background: Epilepsy is one of the common neurological disorders diagnosed early in life. Availability of many antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) makes it difficult to choose the appropriate pharmacotherapy. Aim and Objective: Understanding the pattern of AED prescription to evaluate the rationality of AED prescriptions in epileptic patients. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study carried out at new civil hospital, Surat for a duration of 6 months. The study involved collecting data from the case files of all the patients irrespective of age or gender diagnosed with epilepsy and undergoing treatment from any of the outpatient departments of the hospital. Demographic details, clinical diagnosis, and detailed data about the prescribed pharmacotherapy were recorded in a pre-approved data sheet. The WHO prescribing indicators were evaluated for each prescription. Descriptive statistics was used. Results: The average age of the patients was 21.64 ± 10.46 years. A total of 1565 drugs were prescribed in the 331 epilepsy patients’ prescriptions. Out of this, 551 drugs (35.21%) were antiepileptics. Most of the patients received monotherapy (75.53%). The most commonly prescribed drug was sodium valproate (46.10%) followed by phenytoin (30.13%) and carbamazepine (10%). The average AED per prescription was 1.70. Majority of the prescriptions (94.63%) used generic names. There were no injectable used and no fixed dose combinations were prescribed in any of the patients. Conclusion: The prescriptions followed the rational prescribing pattern. Treatment of epilepsy is usually by monotherapy with valproate being the most commonly used AED. Prospective studies to evaluate adverse effects and patient compliance will help in efficient policy-making decisions.
Premature presbyopia: causes, diagnosis, and management strategies - an overview
(Medip Academy, 2024-06) Sonali, K. M.; Dubey, G.; Pant, K.; Tripathi, A.; Yadav, P.
Premature presbyopia refers to the early onset of age-related vision changes typically associated with presbyopia, a condition characterized by the loss of near vision accommodation. This review article aims to provide an overview of the causes, diagnosis, and management strategies for premature presbyopia. The database collected from PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), Cochrane library, and Google scholar and research gate. This review discusses the potential underlying mechanisms contributing to premature presbyopia, including genetic factors, environmental influences, and ocular conditions. Additionally, the diagnostic criteria and assessment methods used to identify premature presbyopia and differentiate it from other vision disorders. Finally, this review examines various management options for premature presbyopia, including corrective lenses, pharmacological interventions, surgical procedures, and emerging treatments. By understanding the factors contributing to premature presbyopia and implementing appropriate management strategies, healthcare professionals can effectively address the needs of individuals experiencing early onset age-related vision changes.
Screening of efficient drought tolerant accessions of Terminalia arjuna plant for sustainable Tasar sericulture production based on biochemical tools
(Triveni Enterprises, 2023-05) Pandiaraj, T.; Yadav, H.; Manjappa; Singh, J.; Sathyanarayana, K.; Singh, D.K.; Yadav, P.
Aim: Tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta, feeds on the foliage of many plant species belonging to different families, but it prefers the foliage of Terminalia arjuna, T. tomentosa and Shorea robusta. The aim of the present study was to screen the drought-tolerant accessions of Arjuna for the successful and sustainable rearing of the Tasar silkworm. Methodology: An investigation was undertaken at the Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi during 2016–17 and 2017–18 to study the "screening of fast-growing drought tolerant accessions of Arjuna for raising block plantations" by using biochemical tools. Ten accessions (40 saplings from each accession) were selected and allowed to grow for one year. Then, drought treatments were imposed. The experiment was laid out in a factorial completely randomised design (FCRD) with two factors. Two factors were accessions and moisture levels, i.e., control and stress. Results: The experimental result revealed that the T. arjuna accessions differed significantly for total chlorophyll contents under drought stress. Accn. 523, 525 and 135 significantly recorded higher chlorophyll content under drought-stress conditions. Water stress increased the proline concentrations in all accessions of T. arjuna, reaching 3–16 fold over the non-stressed control. Proline level was significantly increased in Accn. 525 followed by 523 and 135 at 7 and 14 days after treatment was imposed. Interpretation: Accessions of T. arjuna plant 525, 523, 123 and 135 can be used as the most drought tolerant accessions under drought conditions with limited leaf yield and quality loss.
TilhanTec-SUNH-1 (IIOSH-15-20): A new high seed and oil yielding and downy mildew resistant sunflower hybrid suitable for rainfed condition of India
(Triveni Enterprises, 2023-11) Meena, H.P.; Sujatha, M.; Dudhe, M.Y.; Yadav, P.; Srinivas, P.S.; Madhuri, P.; Ghodke, M.K.
Aim: To develop more heterotic hybrids for seed and oil yield coupled with resistant or tolerant to major disease (downy mildew) and insect pests (leafhoppers) for commercial cultivation in rainfed conditions and DNA profiling of the newly developed hybrid (TilhanTec-SUNH-1) along with 2 female lines, 4 male lines and 3 hybrids using sunflower specific simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Methodology: Two parentages (ARM-243A and RGP-100) were utilized for the development of a new promising sunflower hybrid, TilhanTec-SUNH-1 (IIOSH-15-20). Performance of entry was assessed at 29 and 14 locations, respectively, during the kharif and rabi seasons over three years through All India Coordinated Trials (IHT, AHT-I & II) and a state multilocation trial at three locations. A total of nine quantitative observations were recorded. A total of 80 SSR primers were used on the 4 hybrids for DNA fingerprinting. Results: Considerable seed yield superiority (28.7% and 10.5%) was observed in AICRP trials over DRSH-1 and KBSH-44, respectively. Oil yield superiority was 27.1% and 27.3% compared to national checks DRSH-1 and KBSH-44. TilhanTec-SUNH-1 was found resistant (0%) to downy mildew and leafhoppers (1.1 grade) while tolerant to Alternariaster leaf spot. Four SSR markers, viz., ORS-57, ORS-203, ORS-1028 and ORS-598 can be confidently used for the identification of TilhanTec-SUNH-1 as well as for genetic purity tests. Interpretation: The results of this investigation revealed that TilhanTec-SUNH-1 is superior in terms of seed and oil yield and resistance to downy mildew and moderately resistant to leafhoppers and tolerant to Alternariaster leaf spot. It is notified and released by CVRC for commercial cultivation in rainfed conditions of the sunflower growing states of India.
Trends in seroprevalence of enteric transmitted hepatitis virus infections at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi: a 4-year review
(Medip Academy, 2023-11) Panda, A.; Jothi J., B.; Yadav, P.; Kumar, S.
Background: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV), both enteric hepatitis viruses, are transmitted through the feco-oral route. These infections can range from asymptomatic or subclinical cases to acute viral hepatitis, occasionally leading to mortality. To gain an understanding of the disease and develop effective management strategies, comprehending the disease burden is essential. This study aimed to provide insights into the prevalence of enteric transmitted hepatitis viruses among individuals with acute hepatitis in the Delhi region. Methods: A retrospective investigation was conducted at a prominent tertiary care super specialty hospital in Delhi, spanning from February 2019 to December 2022. Serum samples from patients suspected of having hepatitis and sent for HAV and HEV testing were included. The samples underwent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect HAV and HEV immunoglobulin (Ig)M antibodies. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS software version 21, employing Chi-square and Fischer exact tests where applicable. Results: Throughout the study period, a total of 1275 samples were incorporated. Viral etiology was evident in 197 patients (15.45%). Among these, IgM HAV was identified in 142 patients (11.13%), and IgM HEV was present in 55 patients (4.31%). HAV infection was notably more prevalent in the pediatric age group (20.89% or 89/426; p<0.001), while HEV was significantly more common among adolescents and adults (5.77% or 49/849; p<0.001). Conclusions: Regular surveillance of enteric transmitted viruses causing hepatitis should encompass both hospital and community levels to accurately gauge disease burden and evolving epidemiology.

Browsing by Author "Yadav, P."

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