Browsing by Author "Sen, S"
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Item Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in multitransfused children with thalassemia.(1993-04-01) Sen, S; Mishra, N M; Giri, T; Pande, I; Khare, S D; Kumar, A; Choudhry, V P; Chattopadhya, D; Kumari, S; Malaviya, A NTwo hundred and three multi-transfused children with thalassemia attending the Thalassemia Clinic of the Charak Palika Hospital, New Delhi were screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies by ELISA and all positive cases were confirmed by Western Blot. Of the 203 children screened, 18 (8.9%) were HIV positive, and in these children a detailed immunological work up was done and compared to 18 age-matched HIV negative thalassemics as controls. The tests included absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC), absolute and percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ cells and their ratios (CD4/CD8), immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgM and IgA) and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (DCH) test by Multitest CMI in all the cases and the controls. Of the 18 HIV positive children, 6 were diagnosed to have clinical AIDS as per the WHO criteria. After immunological testing, the children were further classified according to the CDC criteria. By these criteria, 11 children were classified as P1 A (asymptomatic infection, normal immune function), 1 child as P1 B (asymptomatic infection, abnormal immune function), 2 children as P2 A (symptomatic infection with non-specific findings), 1 child as P2 C (lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis), 1 child as P2 D1 (Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) and 2 children as P2 D2 (symptomatic infection with infections). In this paper, the clinical features of the children with AIDS is described, and the immunologic functions of these children are compared with the HIV positive asymptomatic children and with controls. These are the first cases of AIDS in the pediatric age group from India.Item Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) in a multi transfused child with thalassemia major.(1992-11-01) Sen, S; Goyal, R S; Kumar, A; Pande, I; Khare, S D; Chattopadhya, D; Malaviya, A NItem Active-fluidics-based torsional phacoemulsification in diabetic eyes: A prospective interventional study(All India Ophthalmological Society, 2019-05) Khokhar, S; Sen, S; Dhull, CPurpose: To compare the outcomes of active-fluidics based torsional phacoemulsification in diabetics and nondiabetics using a balanced tip. Methods: Two hundred and forty-eight patients undergoing senile cataract surgery using torsional phacoemulsification on an active-fluidics-based platform from December 2016 to August 2017 were included in this prospective, nonrandomized, interventional cohort study; of the 248 patients, 54 were controlled diabetics and 194 were nondiabetics. Intraoperative parameters such as cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), total ultrasound time, torsion usage time, torsion amplitude, aspiration time, and fluid usage were documented and compared. Endothelial cell loss (ECL) and central corneal thickness (CCT) were evaluated at 1 month postoperatively. Results: Diabetics and nondiabetics did not differ in CDE, total ultrasound time, torsion amplitude, aspiration time, fluid usage, endothelial cell count, and CCT. ECL on Day 1 (10.2 ± 8.0%) and Day 30 (11.05 ± 8.3%) were significantly higher in diabetics (P = 0.025 and P = 0.045, respectively). There was an increase in CCT on Day 1 (P = 0.018), which settled by Day 30. Grade 4 cataracts in diabetics had significantly higher CCT at Day 1 (P = 0.032) and Day 30 (P = 0.007). In the diabetic subgroup, Grades 3 and 4 cataracts required lower CDE (P < 0.001) and Grade 4 cataracts showed higher ECL than others till 1 month of follow-up (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Intraoperative and postoperative parameters after torsional phacoemulsification are comparable in diabetics and nondiabetics. Endothelial changes and pachymetry may be related to the grade of cataract in diabetics.Item Acute infective hepatitis(1955-07-01) Sen, SItem Acute inflammatory polyneuropathy.(1982-07-01) Sen, S; Chakraborty, AItem Aflatoxin hepatic carcinogenesis (sequential study in albino rats).(1974-02-01) Sen, SItem Aflatoxin hepatic carcinogenesis: an experimental comparative study.(1972-09-01) Sen, SItem Aflatoxin hepatitis (an experimental comparative study).(1974-03-01) Sen, SItem AIDS in children--I.(1994-09-01) Sen, SItem Anesthesia for emergency cesarean section.(2008-07-16) Haque, M F; Sen, S; Meftahuzzaman, S M; Haque, M MCaesarean Section is one of the most common of all surgical procedures. Common indications for caesarean section may include foetal distress, Cephalopelvic disproportion and failure of labour to progress. Both regional and general anesthesia may be employed for caesarean section. Each is relatively safe and they have their own advantages and disadvantages. Actual decision to adopt one technique over another depends on maternal and foetal status and skill and ability of the anesthesiologist to tackle the situation with the aim of patient and baby safely. Among these, many of the cases come to the hospital as emergency basis. The Anesthesiologists have to face the challenge in providing anesthesia for emergency caesarean section, being the last member in the perinatal team. The challenge faces the risks in involvement of maternal changes in pregnancy, presence of foetal distress and various anesthetic complications arising in perioperative period. Still now anesthetic mishaps are considered as the sixth most frequent cause of maternal mortality. The use of regional Anesthesia reduced the number of deaths at about 80% but deaths involving general anesthesia has not decreased and the incidence is 17 times more than the regional anesthesia. Most of the deaths or complications are related to the airway management (also failed intubation). Better skill and knowledge in physiology, pharmacology and use of modern Anesthetic technique is essential to face the problems.Item Anterior capsular support for posterior chamber intraocular lenses following vitreous loss in endocapsular surgery.(1993-04-01) Jacob, P; Thomas, R; Sen, S; Raju, RWe used anterior capsular support for posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs) in fourteen eyes with large posterior capsular ruptures. An endocapsular technique preserved the anterior capsule and facilitated implantation. With a median follow up of 8.5 months, all patients had a visual acuity of 6/9 or better. One lens was lost in the vitreous and one patient had a clinically significant cystoid macular edema. In the event of a posterior capsular rupture we suggest this technique as an alternative to anterior chamber or scleral-fixated lenses.Item Anterior fontanelle during infancy.(1975-12-01) Katiyar, G P; Sen, S; Agarwal, K NItem Anti-stress activity of N-phthaloyl gamma-aminobutyric acid in rats.(1995-08-01) Pal, S P; Habibuddin, M; Sen, SThe effect of immobilization restraint stress (RS) on some biochemical and biophysical parameters in rats and their modulation by N-phthaloyl gamma-aminobutyric acid (P.GABA) was studied. RS did not affect the levels of serum Ca2+, inorganic phosphate, bilirubin, total protein, but caused insignificant increase of albumin level and significantly decreased the cholesterol level. This RS induced decrease of serum cholesterol level was reversed by prior treatment with P.GABA, while the albumin content showed a decrease. RS-induced a generalised increase in serum enzyme activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phsophatase (AIP), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT). P.GABA normalised RS-induced increase of LDH and AlP activity, but it further enhanced SGOT and SGPT activities. In synaptosomal membranes, RS caused a decrease in clusterization and fluidity, but the thickness of the membrane increased as studied by fluorescence probes. Prior administration of P.GABA normalised the changes observed in the synaptic membrane.Item Antinociceptive action of N-octanoyl GABA--a new GABA mimetic agent.(1994-10-01) Sen, S; Habibuddin, M; Pal, S PA new derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was synthesized. The compound, N-octanoyl GABA (O-GABA), exhibited positive analgesic response in four different models in mice--tail immersion, hot plate, tail clip and acetic acid induced writhing. The antinociceptive activity was significantly blocked by picrotoxin but not by bicuculline or 3-mercaptopropionic acid. Naloxone failed to reverse the antinociceptive response of O-GABA but a synergistic action was observed with pethidine. Pretreatment with atropine significantly reduced the antinociceptive action of O-GABA. Biochemical tests revealed that O-GABA significantly increased brain GABA levels.Item Ascorbate induced cross-linking of oxyhemoglobin subunits.(2000-03-06) Sur, A; Pal, K; Sen, S; Chakrabarti, SAscorbic acid during oxidation in vitro can generate H2O2 which induces non-disulphide covalent cross-linking of coincubated oxyhemoglobin. The cross-linking phenomenon mediated by H2O2 takes place possibly without the involvement of hydroxyl radicals as evident from the failure of radical scavengers like mannitol and dimethyl sulphoxide as well as metal-chelator, to inhibit the process. This pro-oxidant effect of ascorbic acid may have physiological significance in red blood cells in vivo.Item Beta-thalassaemia mutations in northern India (Delhi).(1998-03-26) Madan, N; Sharma, S; Rusia, U; Sen, S; Sood, S KThe present study was undertaken to define beta-thalassaemia mutations prevalent in northern India (Delhi). Forty six children of beta-thalassaemia major and their families were investigated. DNA was extracted from leucocytes and screened for mutations prevalent in the Indian population. These mutations included 619bp deletion, IVS 1-1 (G-T), IVS 1-5 (G-C), frameshift mutations FS 8/9 (+G), FS 41/42 (-CTTT), Codon 16(-C), Codon 15 (G-A), codon 30 (G-C), IVS 1-110 (G-A) and -88 (C-T). 619 bp deletion mutation was detected directly by amplification of DNA by PCR followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Other mutations were studied by DNA amplification and dot blot hybridization using synthetic normal and mutant oligonucleotide probes labelled at 5' end with gamma-32 P-ATP. Five mutations accounted for all the chromosomes in 46 patients. 619 bp deletion mutation was found to be the commonest mutation (34.8%) followed by IVS 1-5 (G-C) in 22.8 per cent, IVS 1-1 (G-T) in 19.6 per cent, FS 8/9 (+G) in 13 per cent and FS 41/42 (-CTTT) in 9.8 per cent. Nineteen (41.3%) patients were homozygous and 27 (58.7%) double heterozygous for different beta-thalassaemia mutations. This observation of limited number of mutations is significant and will be useful in planning strategies for prenatal diagnosis of beta-thalassaemia in northern India.Item Binding of radiolabelled luteinizing hormone to intact and ovariectomised rat uterus.(1992-11-01) Sen, S; Bhattacharya, SBinding of ovine LH to uterine tissue preparation from intact and ovariectomised rat clearly indicates that uterus possesses specific binding sites for LH. Binding characteristics of LH to uterine tissue preparation from intact rat showed saturability with high affinity and low capacity. Scatchard plot analysis showed dissociation constant of the specific binding site to be 0.12 x 10(-9) mol/l and the number of binding sites was 2.31 +/- 0.05 f mol/mg protein. Ovariectomy did not change the binding affinity but effected a decrease in the number of binding sites (1.7 +/- 0.08 f mol/mg protein). LH treatment of ovariectomized (ovx) rat had no effect on binding affinity but significantly increased the number of binding sites (3.23 +/- 0.1 f mol/mg protein). Reduction of uterine weight due to ovariectomy and marked increase of ovx rat uterine weight by LH administration indicate a source of estrogen in ovx rat. An in vitro uterine tissue slice (from intact and ovx rat) incubation showed depletion of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) content in ovx rat which significantly elevated on LH addition. Data suggest that LH binding to rat uterine tissue has biological relevance.Item Botulinum toxin in the treatment of paralytic strabismus and essential blepharospasm.(1993-10-01) Thomas, R; Mathai, A; Rajeev, B; Sen, S; Jacob, PAs an alternative to conventional medical and surgical modalities that have met little success in the treatment of paralytic strabismus and essential blepharospasm, we explored the use of botulinum toxin as a treatment of choice in these two disorders. We used botulinum toxin in three patients with paralytic strabismus and in nine patients with essential blepharospasm. In three patients with paralytic strabismus, the botulinum toxin was injected into the ipsilateral antagonist of the paralysed muscle. The preinjection deviations ranged from 18 to 60 prism diopters. Two of these three patients achieved orthotropia around the thirtieth day and thereafter maintained it. The third patient became orthotropic on the eighteenth day, but deviation recurred and therefore required another injection of toxin. In nine patients with essential blepharospasm, botulinum toxin was injected into the orbicularis oculi muscles. Both objective and subjective improvement occurred in all nine patients within seven days and the effect lasted 12 to 15 weeks. Further injection of the toxin produced extremely beneficial results. However, the only significant complication that we encountered in both groups of strabismus and blepharospasm was ptosis, which was usually partial and temporary. From our experience, we advocate the use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of essential blepharospasm.Item Breast lumps: a study of 10 years.(1995-12-01) Chaudhuri, M; Sen, S; Sengupta, JA retrospective study of lumps in the breast sent for histopathological examination in Calcutta National Medical College for a period of last 10 years was done. It was found that 2062 cases (6.82%) of histopathological examination of breast lump were studied out of a total 30208 specimens during that period. There were 1528 cases from benign breast lesions and 504 cases from the malignant breast lesions. The most common lesion found histologically was fibro-adenoma in 950 cases. Others included 150 cases of inflammatory breast diseases of which 36 cases were diagnosed as tuberculosis, 386 cases as fibrocystic disease and 42 cases as other benign neoplastic diseases. Out of 504 malignant cases 456 had carcinoma and 48 had sarcoma. Only 30 cases of male breast lesions were sent of which only a single case of infiltrating duct carcinoma was found, 28 cases had gynaecomastia and one case showed the evidence of fibrocystic disease.Item Caeruloplasmin, copper and diseases.(1969-02-16) Sen, S