IMSEAR Repository :: Browsing by Author "Padmaja, P"

Browsing by Author "Padmaja, P"

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Bacterial endocarditis caused by abiotrophia defectiva (nutritionally variant streptococci).
(2000-09-21) Verghese, S; Mullasari, A; Padmaja, P; Mathew, T; Elizabeth, S J; Chitra, A K; Anitha, A; Maria, C F; Cherian, K M
Bacterial endocarditis caused by Brucella melitensis biotype I.
(2000-03-14) Verghese, S; Padmaja, P; Elizabeth, S J; Anitha, A; Palani, G M; Mathew, T; Manjunath, B V; Cherian, K M
Central venous catheter related infections in a tertiary care hospital.
(1998-05-29) Verghese, S L; Padmaja, P; Koshi, G
Intravascular catheters are increasingly important causes of nosocomial infections. Catheter related complications range from local exit site or tunnel infections to frank bacteremias. A semiquantitative method of culture of central venous catheters (CVC) was done in our hospital from January to December 1996. A total of 119 catheter tips sent to the Microbiology Department were cultured and 11 (9.24%) showed significant growth with associated blood stream infection. 14 (11.76%) of the CVCs showed scanty or less than 15 colonies in roll or contents and there was no associated blood stream infection. 7 (5.88%) showed moderate to heavy growth in roll and contents and there was no blood stream infection. The age groups ranged from 2 months to 66 years. The results of the study indicate that Gram negative organisms formed the predominant isolates. Gram negative isolates included Klebsiella species, Enterobacter species, E. coli species, Serratia and non-fermenting Gram negative bacilli. Coagulase negative staphylococcus which is often believed to be an important pathogen was not associated with bacteremia or septicemia in our hospital, during this study period. Considering the fact that 1553 operations were performed during the study period, the infection rate through CVC's would work out to a negligible 0.71%.
Central venous catheter related infections.
(1999-03-16) Verghese, S; Padmaja, P; Sudha, P; Sorna, E; Johni, D; Vasu, S
Infusion therapy carries a substantial risk of producing iatrogenic sepsis, bacteremia or fungemia originating from the device used for vascular access or from the contaminated infusate. This study, a semiquantitative assay of the central venous catheter tips (CVC) was carried out and correlated with the blood culture results to determine the probable cause of sepsis in our post operated patients. One thousand six hundred and thirty one surgeries were performed in the Institute of Cardio-Vascular Diseases from January to December 1997. We received 150 CVC tips which were in place for more than five days for culture. Fifty one (51) CVC tips showed growth in either contents or roll. There was associated blood stream infection in 23 patients. The age groups of patients ranged from two months to 67 years and male to female ratio was 109:41. Children below the age of 12 years were 62 in number. Candida spp. (32.4%) and Staphylococcus spp. (33.9%) formed the predominant isolates from the CVC tips.
Chronic postoperative wound infection caused by Myocobacterium fortuitum complex.
(2007-12-14) Verghese, Susan; Madhusudhan, B; Senthil, M S; Thabitha, C; Leelavathy, S; Padmaja, P; Madhusudhan, K
Mycobacterium fortuitum in a rapidly growing atypical mycobacteia, sometimes associated with nosocomial infections in human. These infections are often difficult to identify; and treat even after indentification. We report here a case of chronic post operative wound infection due to M. fortuitum.
Chryseobacterium meningosepticum--an uncommon pathogen causing adult bacterial meningitis.
(2006-04-29) Padmaja, P; Verghese, Susan; Bhirmanandham, C V; Ajith,; Thirugnanasambandham, S; Ramesh, S
Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is an uncommon pathogen causing meningitis. We report a case of adult meningitis caused by chryseobacterium meningosepticum in an 88 year old woman. Immunosuppression due to old age, diabetes mellitus and history of hypertension of 20 years duration were the concomitant factors. chryseobacterium meningosepticum was isolated both from the cerebrospinal fluid and blood cultures. This organism was sensitive to quinolones, rifampicin and resistant to many antibiotics commonly used for empiric therapy for meningitis.
Cryopreservation of cardiac homografts.
(1999-05-07) Verghese, S; Sudha, P; Padmaja, P; Mathew, T; Prabhakar, P; Arumugam, S B; Murthy, K S; Cherian, K M
A homograft valve bank for cryopreservation of cardiac homografts was established at the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases in July 1995. From July 1995 to February 1999, 169 donor hearts were processed. All except four hearts were procured post mortem. Aortic valves (149) and pulmonary valves (139) were the common homografts dissected out for use. The valves were immersed in a cocktail of five broad spectrum antibiotics and antifungals for an average of 48 to 72 hours before cryopreservation. Fifty-three (35.57%) aortic and 42 (30.21%) pulmonary valves had to be discarded for various reasons like fungal contamination, failure to sterilise, HBsAg positivity etc.; 153 homografts have been released for use so far. Analysing the usual methods of procurement, sterilisation protocol, culture and cryopreservation used for cardiac homografts at this centre, this paper recommends observance of timeliness, use of appropriate media for preservation of heart parts, administration of specific drugs and safeguards necessary for cryopreservation procedure.
Fungal endocarditis following cardiac surgery.
(1998-07-03) Verghese, S; Mullasari, A; Padmaja, P; Sudha, P; Sapna, M C; Cherian, K M
This study analysed cases of fungal endocarditis following cardiac surgery encountered in our institute between January 1994 and December 1997. A total of 887 prosthetic valve and 114 homograft valve replacements were performed during the study period. In this group, eight cases of fungal endocarditis (aged 14-53 years) were encountered during the follow-up of which five were caused by candida species and three by aspergillus species. Four cases involved aortic homografts, two mitral prosthesis, one an aortic prosthesis and one was a Goretex patch endocarditis. Seven patients had early endocarditis; all presented with fever and two had embolic manifestations. Seven patients each had positive blood cultures and echocardiographically demonstrable vegetations. Despite management with amphotericin B and early repeat surgical interventions, six had a fatal outcome. One patient is doing well at nine months follow-up after a second valve replacement and one is lost to follow-up.
Homograft valve bank: our experience in valve banking.
(2004-07-14) Verghese, Susan; Padmaja, P; Sindhu, B; Elizabeth, S J; Lesley, Nancy; Cherian, K M
BACKGROUND: A cardiac homograft valve bank with cryopreservation facility was established at the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai in July 1995. METHODS AND RESULTS: During the last 7 1/2 years of its existence, from July 1995 to March 2003, 588 hearts were processed. The valves harvested were 390 aortic, 400 pulmonary and 39 others including mitral valve, aortic conduits, pericardium etc.; 176 (29.9%) hearts were discarded for various reasons which included failure to sterilize, HBV, HIV, HCV, treponema pallidum hemagglutination test positivity, atheromatous/fatty streaks, incompetent valves, and dissection mistakes. The valves were sterilized using an antibiotic cocktail of vancomycin, amikacin, streptomycin, cefotaxime and amphotericin B in Hank's balanced salt solution. Of the 585 valves issued for clinical use, 247 were aortic, 323 pulmonary and 15 others (mitral valve, pericardium, conduits). Gram negative bacilli were the predominant contaminants from the hearts during the first half (July 1995 to February 1999) and gram positive organisms were the predominant contaminants during the later half (March 1999 to March 2003) of the study period. A variety of fungal contaminants like candida, aspergillus, penicillium and other fungi were also isolated from the homograft hearts at procurement. The valves were used most commonly for Rastelli procedure/right ventricular-pulmonary artery conduit (48.71%) followed by Ross procedure (23.41%). The other procedures were aortic valve replacement (6.15%), truncus repair (5.81%), unifocalization with conduit repair (6.49%), aortoplasty (0.512%), left ventricular-pulmonary artery conduit (0.512%), pulmonary valve replacement (0.512%), aneurysm repair (0.34%), Norwood repair (0.34%), mitral valve replacement (0.17%) and other procedures (7%). CONCLUSIONS: We have established a viable and functioning cardiac homograft valve bank to suit Indian conditions and till date, have issued 585 homograft valves for clinical use.
Hymenolepis diminuta infestation in a child.
(1998-09-27) Verghese, S L; Sudha, P; Padmaja, P; Jaiswal, P K; Kuruvilla, T
Impact of Covid-19 Disease on Health Care Services of Leprosy Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Centre, Telangana
(Hind Kusht Nivaran Sangh (Indian Leprosy Association), 2022-03) Indira, D; Vani, DS; Padmaja, P; T, Rajeev Singh; Prasad, JVDS; Krishna, A Venkata
Covid - 19 disease was declared as a pandemic by World Health Organization in March 2020. Subsequently, a nationwide lock down for variable intensity and periods was announced in India to contain the disease. Leprosy patients faced difficulties during this pandemic owing to their long-term health care requirements and lack of access to leprosy services during covid time. This resulted in deprivation of multi - drug therapy (MDT), steroids and other drugs to leprosy patients, which is detrimental to the patients as well as to the society. This study was conducted to analyze the impact of covid-19 pandemic induced lock downs and movement restrictions on leprosy patients attending a tertiary care centre. This provides data to assess their impact on leprosy healthcare services. The study observed a marked decrease in the number of leprosy patients attending the leprosy out patient care and also a reduction in the number of new cases registered during the year 2020. Quarterly analysis showed maximum reduction of cases occurring during the lockdown period and peak covid-19 infection periods. As there is a likelihood of this pandemic continuing and similar other disruptions may occur again, there is a need to assure that MDT and health care services reach leprosy patients by various other means. Some of the modifications can be a) supplying a 3 to 6 month course at a time as A-MDT, b) home delivery of drugs by health workers c) promotion of telemedicine services for leprosy patients d) optimal utilization of social media to educate and counsel leprosy patients on both covid-19 and leprosy. It is also important that leprosy clinics and drug delivery services should be continued both in Covid and Non-covid hospitals at par with Revised National TB Control Programe (RNTPC) renamed as National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) and Anti-Retroviral Treatment (ART) services.
Invasive aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus terreus in a non-immunosuppressed patient.
(2002-08-08) Verghese, Susan; Arjundas, D; Shakoor, T P A; Padmaja, P; Elizabeth, S J; Maria, C F
Nasal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a cardiovascular tertiary care centre and its detection by Lipovitellin Salt Mannitol Agar.
(1999-10-29) Verghese, S; Padmaja, P; Sudha, P; Vanitha, V; Mathew, T
Ecological niches of Staphylococcus aureus are the anterior nares. Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in the nose appears to play a key role in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of infection. Numerous studier have shown that elimination of nasal carriage using Mupirocin also eliminated hand carriage and the spread of infections in hospitals. Lipovitellin-Salt-Mannitol Agar was used for screening, isolation and presumptive identification of Staphylococcus aureus from nasal carriers. From November; 97 to August'98, 724 nasal swabs were cultured and 18.23% of health care workers were found to be nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus. Of these 12.15% were carriers of MRSA. The carrier rate was highest in December' 97 (32.07%). All MRSA carriers were treated with local application of Mupirocin for three days. A study of the antibiogram of the clinical isolates during the corresponding period showed 100% susceptibility of MRSA to Vancomycin. Susceptibility of MRSA to Clindamycin, Netilmycin, Rifampicin & Ofloxacin was 86.6%, 69.5%, 66% & 64.7% respectively.
Nocardia asteroides colonizing bronchiectatic cavity.
(2002-04-08) Padmaja, P; Verghese, Susan L; Elizabeth, S J; Chitra, A K; Anitha, A; Mathew, T; Krishnan, S; Cherian, K M
Nocardia asteroides mediastinitis complicating coronary artery bypass surgery.
(2003-10-15) Verghese, Susan; Kurian, V M; Maria, C F; Padmaja, P; Elizabeth, S J; Cherian, K M
A 63 years diabetic male was admitted with mediatinitis and sternal dehiscence. Nocardia asteroides sensu stricto Type VI was isolated from the mediastinal tissue and fluid during debridement. Prompt surgical intervention and treatment with ofloxacin both intravenously and later orally led to the cure.
Nosocomial infection by Salmonella senftenberg in post cardiac surgery patients.
(1999-12-11) Verghese, S; Padmaja, P; Elizabeth, S J; Mathew, T; Anitha, A; Chitra, A K; Belinda, J
Pacemaker implant site infection caused by atypical mycobacteria.
(1998-03-12) Verghese, S; Mullaseri, A; Padmaja, P; Subhadra, A C; Cherian, K M
Prevalence, species distribution and antifungal sensitivity of vaginal yeasts in infertile women.
(2001-07-25) Verghese, S; Padmaja, P; Asha, M; Elizabeth, S J; Anitha, A; Kundavi, K M; Jayanthi, N; Varma, T
A total of 326 high vaginal swabs from infertile women attending the Institute of Reproductive Medicine were cultured from June 1999 to May 2000. Candida species was isolated from 42(12.88%) patients. Candida albicans (40.47%) followed by Candida glabrata (38.09%) were the most common isolates. Other species included Candida tropicalis (14.28%) and Candida krusei (7.14%). All isolates were tested for sensitivity by disc diffusion method on Yeast Nitrogen Agar base towards four antifungals. Seven (16.7%) candida strains showed resistance to Fluconazole and 19(45.23%) of the strains showed resistance to Itraconazole, and 4(9.5%) strains showed resistance to Nystatin. There was no resistance to Amphotericin B. Of the 7 strains resistant to Fluconazole, 3 were Candida krusei, 3 were Candida glabrata and 1 was Candida tropicalis.
Prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Scedosporium apiospermum.
(2005-10-06) Verghese, S; Padmaja, P; Chellamma, M T; Leelavathy, S; Nayar, P
Scedosporium apiospermum, the asexual state of Pseudallescheria boydii, is increasingly recognized as an opportunistic pathogen. We report a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by this organism that developed in a patient following cardiac surgery.
Rapid identification of fluconazole resistance using Chrom agar Candida.
(2001-07-25) Verghese, S L; Padmaja, P; Sutha, P; Mathew, T; Johni, E S
All though extremely rare 10 years ago, antifungal drug resistance is becoming a major problem in certain populations, especially in those infected with HIV. This study was undertaken to study the resistance of Candida species isolated in our hospital to Fluconazole using Chrom agar Candida. The Candida strains which were routinely isolated from clinical specimens like blood, urine, sputum, pus, fluid and homograft isolates were included in the study. 142 Candida isolates were tested by using Chrom agar Candida incorporated with Fluconazole. 16 strains were found to be resistant to Fluconazole and 126 strains sensitive to Fluconazole. Nine were C. tropicalis, 3 C. krusei, 2 C. guillermondii, 1 Geotrichum candidum and one was an unidentified strain of Candida. The MIC of the 16 strains were done using RPMI 1640 medium by macro broth dilution method. MIC of 9 strains was 64 & > 64 ug/ml of 6 strains 32 ug/ml and 1 strain 16 ug/ml.

Browsing by Author "Padmaja, P"

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