Antibiotic associated diarrhoea: Infectious causes.

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dc.contributor.authorAyyagari, Aen_US
dc.contributor.authorAgarwal, Jen_US
dc.contributor.authorGarg, Aen_US
dc.date.accessioned2003-01-24en_US
dc.date.accessioned2009-05-28T09:30:56Z
dc.date.available2003-01-24en_US
dc.date.available2009-05-28T09:30:56Z
dc.date.issued2003-01-24en_US
dc.description.abstractNearly 25% of antibiotic associated diarrhoeas (AAD) is caused by Clostridium difficile, making it the commonest identified and treatable pathogen. Other pathogens implicated infrequently include Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella oxytoca, Candida spp. and Salmonella spp. Most mild cases of AAD are due to non-infectious causes which include reduced break down of primary bile acids and decrease metabolism of carbohydrates, allergic or toxic effects of antibiotic on intestinal mucosa and pharmacological effect on gut motility. The antibiotics most frequently associated with C. difficile associated diarrhoea are clindamycin, cephalosporin, ampicillin and amoxicillin. Clinical presentation may vary from mild diarrhoea to severe colitis and pseudomembranous colitis associated with high morbidity and mortality. The most sensitive and specific diagnostic test for C. difficile infection is tissue culture assay for cytotoxicity of toxin B. Commercial ELISA kits are available. Though less sensitive, they are easy to perform and are rapid. Withdrawal of precipitating antibiotic is all that is needed for control of mild to moderate cases. For severe cases of AAD, oral metronidazole is the first line of treatment, and oral vancomycin is the second choice. Probiotics have been used for recurrent cases.en_US
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow - 226014, UP, India.en_US
dc.identifier.citationAyyagari A, Agarwal J, Garg A. Antibiotic associated diarrhoea: Infectious causes. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2003 Jan-Mar; 21(1): 6-11en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/54037
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.ijmm.orgen_US
dc.titleAntibiotic associated diarrhoea: Infectious causes.en_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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