Environmental factors associated with Crohn’s disease in India.
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Date
2011-11
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Abstract
Background The frequency of diagnosis of Crohn’s disease (CD) in India is increasing. This case-control study was designed to detect associations of environmental and
dietary factors with the diagnosis of CD.
Methods In 200 consecutive patients with CD and 200 control subjects without gastrointestinal disease, environmental
hygiene exposures in childhood and in the past one year,
and dietary preferences were recorded using a questionnaire.
Univariate and multivariate analyses were done.
Results In univariate analysis, CD showed positive association
with urban residence (at birth and current), availability
of protected drinking water (childhood and current),
availability of piped water in the house (childhood and
current), and strict vegetarian dietary habit, and negative
association with regular fish consumption and presence of
cattle in the house compound. Multivariate analysis showed
that regular fish consumption (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.33–0.80,
p=0.003), and presence of cattle in the house compound
currently (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35–0.92, p=0.023) were
significant protective associations, whereas use of safe
drinking water was positively associated (OR 1.59, 95% CI
1.02–2.47, p=0.042) with the disease.
Conclusion Occurrence of CD was associated with dietary
and environmental exposures, which indicate that diet and hygiene may influence the development of this disease.
Description
Keywords
Case-control study, Hygiene, Inflammatory bowel disease
Citation
Pugazhendhi Srinivasan, Sahu Manoj Kumar, Subramanian Venkataraman, Pulimood Anna, Ramakrishna Balakrishnan S. Environmental factors associated with Crohn’s disease in India. Indian Journal of Gastroenterology. 2011 Nov-Dec; 30(6): 264-269.