A Study of Different Cytological Typing of Primary Bronchogenic Carcinoma and their Different Diagnostic Methods with Special Reference to Ultrasonography-guided Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology
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Date
2025-04
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Publisher
Wolters Kluwer – Medknow
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer?related deaths worldwide and one of the most common cancers in both men and women. Despite its increasing incidence, knowledge about its morbidity and mortality in our country remains limited. Materials and Methods: This study analyzed 142 patients with confirmed primary lung cancer, focusing on demographic, clinical, and radiological parameters. Various diagnostic methods were employed to obtain histological or cytological diagnoses, with special emphasis on Ultrasonography (USG)?guided fine?needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for peripheral lung lesions. Results: The male?to?female ratio was 4.68:1, with most patients aged 51–60 years (31.69%). Common symptoms included cough, chest pain, and breathlessness, while superior vena cava obstruction was seen in 10.56% of cases. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most frequent histological type (46.48%). Clubbing, pallor, and pleural effusion were common clinical findings. Radiologically, mass lesions (74.65%) were the most common presentation, with central lesions in 53.52% and mediastinal lymphadenopathy in 61.97%. Diagnostic modalities included fiber?optic bronchoscopy, lymph node FNAC, image?guided FNAC, tru?cut biopsy, and pleural biopsy. Conclusion: Men aged 51–60 years are at higher risk for lung cancer, with SCC being the predominant type. Mass lesions with mediastinal lymphadenopathy, cough, chest pain, and breathlessness are common presentations, often accompanied by clubbing, pallor, or pleural effusion. USG?guided FNAC is a safe, cost?effective, and accurate diagnostic technique for peripheral lung cancers, providing reliable results without radiation exposure.
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Keywords
Lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, USG?guided fine?needle aspiration cytology
Citation
Pal Amitava, Banerjee Saikat, Chaudhuri Arunabha Datta, Karmakar Debasish. A Study of Different Cytological Typing of Primary Bronchogenic Carcinoma and their Different Diagnostic Methods with Special Reference to Ultrasonography-guided Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology. Acta Medica International. 2025 Apr; 12(1): 47-54